月经性偏头痛患者静息态功能磁共振研究

目的采用静息态功能磁共振成像(rf MRI)技术描述月经性偏头痛患者发作间期的脑功能改变,探索其可能的病理生理学机制。方法对10例发作间期的月经性偏头痛患者和10例受教育程度、年龄相匹配的健康对照行rf MRI扫描,计算低频振幅(ALFF),采用双样本t检验得到差异的脑区。结果偏头痛组左侧额叶ALFF值较对照组显著增强(P<0.05);偏头痛组双侧枕叶、双侧丘脑ALFF值较对照组明显减弱(P<0.05)。结论月经性偏头痛患者在头痛发作间期仍然存在皮质及皮质下脑区功能异常。     

偏头痛与静息态脑功能连接研究

目的本文研究采用静息态功能磁共振成像(rfMRI)技术描述偏头痛患者静息态脑功能连接改变,为探索偏头痛的发病机制提供影像学资料。方法收集16例偏头痛患者与16例健康对照,采集rfMRI成像,计算低频振幅,找出感兴趣区做功能连接进行统计分析。结果偏头痛患者左侧岛叶、左侧额下回低频振幅显著低于对照组,右侧视觉皮质低频振幅显著高于对照组;以左侧额下回、右侧枕中回为感兴趣区,发现左侧额下回与脑干之间的功能连接增强,与双侧枕叶之间的功能连接减弱;右侧枕中回与双侧楔前叶延伸至扣带回中部区域之间的功能连接增强,与双侧中央前回、双侧缘上回、双侧颞上回及双侧额下回之间的功能连接减弱。结论偏头痛患者无头痛发作时神经元活动强度改变,大脑功能连接异常,这导致大脑整合信息过程改变,并与偏头痛发病相关。     

首发强迫障碍患者静息状态下大脑自发活动及功能连接的研究

目的:探讨首次发作的强迫障碍患者静息状态下大脑自发活动及功能连接(FC)特点。方法:对20例首发强迫障碍患者(患者组)和20名性别、年龄相匹配的正常对照者(对照组)进行静息态功能磁共振扫描(f MRI),计算0. 01～0. 08 Hz频段内脑区低频振幅比率(f ALFF值);以左侧缘上回为兴趣区做全脑FC;采用f ALFF及FC分析方法并进行基于全脑体素的统计分析。结果:与对照组相比较,患者组左侧眶部额中回、右侧枕中回、左侧楔叶f ALFF显著降低(P均0. 005,cluster 20),左侧小脑角下、左侧缘上回f ALFF显著增高(P均0. 005,cluster 20);左侧缘上回与右侧缘上回、右侧顶上回和右侧中央后回FC明显增强(P均0. 005)。结论:首发强迫障碍患者在静息状态下存在多个脑区自发神经活动及FC异常,可能与首发强迫障碍的核心症状有关。     

青少年非自杀性自伤患者静息态功能磁共振研究北大核心CSCD

目的探讨非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury,NSSI)青少年静息态功能磁共振成像下脑功能特征。方法采用病例对照研究设计,纳入NSSI青少年患者23例(NSSI组)与健康青少年18名(healthy control,HC组),进行静息态功能MRI扫描,分析NSSI组与HC组低频振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuation,ALFF)有差异的脑区,以差异脑区为种子点计算全脑功能连接(functional connectivity,FC),并分析NSSI组差异脑区的ALFF值与青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷及汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分相关性。结果与HC组比较,NSSI组ALFF升高的脑区包括双侧杏仁核(x=-27,y=3,z=-24,t=2.492,P<0.05,FDR校正;x=27,y=3,z=-12,t=2.746,P<0.05,FDR校正)、右侧背外侧额上回(x=15,y=21,z=45,t=4.051,P<0.05,FDR校正)。以双侧杏仁核作为种子点分别计算全脑FC,与HC组比较,NSSI组左侧杏仁核与右侧前扣带回(t=3.352,P<0.05,FDR校正)、左侧前扣带回(t=2.843,P<0.05,FDR校正)、右侧丘脑(t=3.026,P<0.05,FDR校正)、左侧丘脑(t=2.352,P<0.05,FDR校正)FC强度增高,与左侧眶部额上回(t=-2.181,P<0.05,FDR校正)、左侧眶部额中回(t=-3.378,P<0.05,FDR校正)FC强度减低。NSSI组左侧杏仁核ALFF值与汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分呈正相关(r=0.627,P=0.004)。结论NSSI青少年静息态下多个脑区存在神经元异常活动,左侧杏仁核与多个脑区的FC存在异常,这可能是NSSI神经病理发病机制。     

早发精神分裂症静息态脑功能低频振幅研究

目的通过静息态功能磁共振研究早发未用药精神分裂症患者局部脑功能低频振幅(amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation,ALFF)的变化,探讨其静息态下功能异常的脑区。方法收集20例早发未用药精神分裂症患者与20名性别、年龄、受教育年限相匹配的正常对照,分别对其进行全脑静息态功能磁共振扫描,计算ALFF值。结果与对照组相比,患者组左侧额上回、左侧楔前叶、左侧扣带回、左侧枕叶、左侧海马旁回、左侧距状沟ALFF值增高(P0.05,Alpha Sim校正),右侧颞上回和右侧小脑后叶ALFF值降低(P0.05,Alpha Sim校正)。结论早发精神分裂症患者在静息态下有多处脑区ALFF值改变,提示其在静息态下存在脑功能异常。     

强迫症患者静息态功能磁共振低频振幅和功能连接改变

目的探讨强迫症患者静息态下脑神经元自发活动情况。方法纳入强迫症患者48例及年龄、性别、受教育年限相匹配的正常对照者50名,使用3.0 T功能磁共振采集静息态脑影像,分析患者与对照低频振幅(amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, ALFF)有统计学差异的脑区,以差异脑区为种子点分析全脑功能连接(functional connectivity, FC),对ALFF和FC分析中的差异脑区与强迫症状进行相关分析。结果与对照组相比,强迫症患者左侧背外侧额上回的ALFF值增高(t=4.305,P0.01)。以左侧背外侧额上回为兴趣区全脑FC分析(基于MNI模板)示,与对照相比,患者左侧背外侧额上回与右侧眶部额下回(t=3.897,P0.001)、左侧扣带回前部(t=3.37,P0.001)、右侧扣带回前部(t=4.299,P0.001)、左侧扣带回中部(t=3.220,P0.001)、右侧扣带回中部(t=4.607,P0.001)FC强度增强;患者左侧背外侧额上回与左侧岛盖部额下回(t=-4.630,P0.001)FC强度减弱。强迫症患者左侧背外侧额上回与左侧岛盖部额下回的FC强度与耶鲁-布朗强迫症状量表强迫思维因子分(r=-0.369,P=0.014)、强迫行为因子分(r=-0.392,P=0.009)以及量表总分(r=-0.393,P=0.008)呈负相关。结论强迫症患者静息状态下左侧背外侧额上回自发神经元活动增强,与多个脑区间的FC异常;并且左侧背外侧额上回与左侧岛盖部额下回的FC强度与强迫症状相关。     

阿立哌唑和利培酮对精神分裂症患者自发脑活动的不同影响

目的探究临床常用抗精神病药物阿立哌唑和利培酮对精神分裂症患者自发性脑活动的不同影响。方法纳入就诊于成都市第四人民医院的长期服用阿立哌唑进行单药治疗的精神分裂症患者9例,服用利培酮单药治疗的精神分裂症患者10例,进行静息态功能磁共振(f MRI)扫描。分析两组患者f MRI信号的分数低频振幅(f ALFF)的组间差异。结果与阿立哌唑组比较,利培酮组f ALFF显著降低的脑区有双侧壳核、嗅皮质、尾状核、眶部额下回和右侧苍白球;f ALFF显著增高脑区有左侧颞中回和左侧缘上回(P0.05)。结论阿立哌唑和利培酮会对大脑产生不同影响,差异脑区符合两种药物的不同药理机制。     

男性酒依赖患者戒断期静息态功能磁共振低频振幅研究

目的探讨男性酒依赖患者戒断期静息态下脑区神经元自发活动改变及其与认知功能关系。方法对23例男性酒依赖患者和20名健康成年男性进行脑静息态功能磁共振扫描,比较其全脑各脑区低频振幅(amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation,ALFF),并用简易精神状态量表(mini mental status scale,MMSE)、语言流畅性测验(verbal fluency test,VFT)、数字广度测验(digit span test,DST)、霍普金斯词语学习修订版(Hopkins verbal learning test revised,HVLT-R)及连线测试B(trail making test-B,TMT-B)分别评估两组认知功能。结果酒依赖组与对照组相比ALFF减弱脑区为左侧额上回(t=-4.49,P0.01)、右侧额中回(t=-3.55,P0.01)、右侧颞上回(t=-5.36,P0.01)、左侧前扣带回(t=-5.41,P0.01);ALFF增强的脑区有左侧枕叶(t=3.90,P0.01)、左侧小脑后叶(t=3.58,P0.01)。神经心理测评中,酒依赖组MMSE(t=-4.33,P0.01)、VFT(t=-2.86,P0.01)、DST(t=-4.93,P0.01)和HVLT-R(t=-5.16,P0.01)评分均低于对照组;TMT-B完成时间高于对照组(t=4.67,P0.01)。酒依赖患者右侧额中回ALFF值与VFT评分呈正相关(r=0.49,P=0.04)。结论男性酒依赖患者戒断期在静息态下存在双侧额叶、右侧颞叶、左侧前扣带回、左侧枕叶、左侧小脑脑区功能活动异常,且右侧额叶脑区功能活动改变与语言功能异常有相关性。     

早期精神分裂症患者静息态脑功能低频振幅研究

目的:通过静息态功能磁共振探讨早期精神分裂症患者脑功能低频振幅变化。方法:对首次发病未用药早期精神分裂症患者(急性期组)、经药物治疗临床症状缓解的早期精神分裂症首次发病患者(缓解期组)以及性别、年龄、受教育年匹配的健康对照者(对照组)各17例,进行静息态功能磁共振扫描,并计算低频振幅(ALFF),比较3组ALFF变化。结果:三组间ALFF有差异的脑区为左侧直回、梭状回/舌回、右侧颞下回、左侧顶叶、枕叶、楔叶、中央后回、小脑;与健康对照组相比,两病例组ALFF降低的脑区集中在左侧半球,为左侧顶叶小叶,左侧颞下回;而缓解期与急性期组相比,ALFF增加的脑区为右侧壳核,ALFF降低的脑区为直回、楔前叶、梭状回/舌回、左侧颞叶、左侧中央前回和后回、左侧枕中回。结论:精神分裂症患者早期阶段存在多个脑区静息态低频振幅异常,低频振幅降低的脑区主要分布在左侧大脑半球。     

伴非自杀性自伤的抑郁发作患者静息态功能磁共振低频振幅特征的研究

目的:探讨伴非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI)抑郁发作患者静息态下脑区低频振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuation, ALFF)的特征。方法:招募58例伴NSSI的抑郁发作患者,62例不伴NSSI的抑郁发作患者,及84名健康对照者。将3组受试进行3.0 T静息态功能磁共振扫描,计算全脑ALFF,进行单因素方差分析,使用高斯随机场(GRF)的方法进行多重比较矫正,在有差异脑区的基础上两两比较。结果:3组ALFF有显著差异的脑区是右海马旁回、左枕中回、左后扣带回、右额上回、左中央后回和左额上回(P0.05,GRF矫正)。伴NSSI的抑郁发作患者较不伴NSSI的抑郁发作患者左枕中回、左后扣带、左缘上回、左额上回和左中央后回ALFF增高;伴NSSI的抑郁发作患者较健康对照者左枕中回、左中央后回ALFF增高;不伴NSSI的抑郁发作患者较健康对照者在右海马旁回、右额上回ALFF增高,在左后扣带、左额上回ALFF降低(P0.05,GRF矫正)。结论:伴NSSI的抑郁发作患者静息态脑活动特征在左枕中回、左后扣带、左缘上回、左额上回和左中央后回局部脑功能存在异常,支持伴NSSI的抑郁发作患者在基础状态下执行控制相关脑区存在损害。     

Abnormal baseline brain activity in low-grade hepatic encephalopathy: a resting-state fMRI study

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used to detect the alterations of spontaneous neuronal activity in various neuropsychiatric diseases, but rarely in low-grade hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a common neuropsychiatric complication of liver cirrhosis. We conducted a resting-state fMRI in 19 healthy controls, 18 cirrhotic patients without HE, and 22 cirrhotic patients with low-grade HE. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of fMRI signal was computed to measure the spontaneous neuronal activity. Several regions showing significant ALFF differences among three groups were the precuneus, occipital lobe, left frontal lobe and anterior/middle cingulate cortex, and left cerebellum posterior lobe. Compared to controls or patients without HE, patients with low-grade HE showed decreased ALFF in the precuneus and adjacent cuneus, visual cortex, and left cerebellum posterior lobe. Compared to controls, patients with low-grade HE showed higher ALFF in both cortical and subcortical regions, including the right middle cingulate gyrus, and left anterior/middle cingulate gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, insula lobe, parahippocampal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus and lentiform nucleus; compared to patients without HE, patients with low-grade HE showed higher ALFF in the left medial frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate gyrus, bilateral superior frontal gyrus, and right middle frontal gyrus. Moreover, correlations between ALFF changes and poor neurocognitive performances were found in patients with low-grade HE. These results suggested the existence of aberrant brain activity at the baseline state in low-grade HE, which may be implicated in the neurological pathophysiology underlying HE.     

Analysis of Altered Baseline Brain Activity in Drug-Naive Adult Patients with Social Anxiety Disorder Using Resting-State Functional MRI

Objective

We hypothesize that the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) is involved in the altered regional baseline brain function in social anxiety disorder (SAD). The aim of the study was to analyze the altered baseline brain activity in drug-naive adult patients with SAD.

Methods

We investigated spontaneous and baseline brain activities by obtaining the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 20 drug-naïve adult SAD patients and 19 healthy controls. Voxels were used to analyze the ALFF values using one- and two-sample t-tests. A post-hoc correlation of clinical symptoms was also performed.

Results

Our findings show decreased ALFF in the bilateral insula, left medial superior frontal gyrus, left precuneus, left middle temporal gyrus, right middle temporal pole, and left fusiform gyrus of the SAD group. The SAD patients exhibited significantly increased ALFF in the right inferior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, bilateral middle occipital gyrus, orbital superior frontal gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, right medial superior frontal gyrus, and left parahippocampal gyrus. Moreover, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale results for the SAD patients were positively correlated with the mean Z values of the right middle occipital and right inferior occipital but showed a negative correlation with the mean Z values of the right superior temporal gyrus and right medial superior frontal gyrus.

Conclusion

These results of the altered regional baseline brain function in SAD suggest that the regions with abnormal spontaneous activities are involved in the underlying pathophysiology of SAD patients.     

~(18)F-FDG PET显像观察特发性快眼动睡眠期行为障碍患者脑葡萄糖代谢特点的研究

目的探讨~(18)F-FDG PET显像观察特发性快眼动睡眠期行为障碍(iRBD)患者脑葡萄糖代谢改变和iRBD脑葡萄糖代谢改变与病程间的相关性。方法纳入多导睡眠监测(PSG)确诊的iRBD患者20例(iRBD组)和年龄、性别匹配的健康对照者19例(对照组)。两组均行~(18)F-FDG PET脑显像。基于自动解剖标记模板将大脑划分为90个左右对称的脑区,计算各脑区葡萄糖代谢半定量值。对iRBD组和对照组各脑区葡萄糖代谢半定量值进行独立样本t检验;并对iRBD组脑葡萄糖代谢改变与病程行Pearson相关分析。结果 (1)与对照组比较,iRBD组的双侧背外侧额上回、双侧眶部额上回、双侧眶部额中回、双侧海马、双侧海马旁回、双侧杏仁核、左侧眶部额下回、左侧岛叶、左侧内侧与旁扣带脑回、左侧中央旁小叶、左侧苍白球的葡萄糖代谢半定量值均增高(P0.05);双侧距状裂周围皮质、双侧楔叶、双侧舌回、双侧枕上回、双侧枕中回、双侧枕下回、双侧角回、双侧颞上回、双侧颞中回、右侧颞横回的葡萄糖代谢半定量值均降低(P0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果,iRBD组双侧杏仁核、双侧颞上回、右侧楔叶、右侧枕上回、右侧颞横回、左侧海马、左侧颞中回的葡萄糖代谢半定量值与病程呈正相关(P0.05);而双侧眶部额上回、双侧眶部额中回、左侧中央旁小叶、左侧眶部额下回、左侧内侧和旁扣带回、右侧背外侧额上回、右侧海马旁回的葡萄糖代谢半定量值与病程呈负相关(P0.05)。结论 iRBD患者脑内存在疾病相关的葡萄糖代谢水平改变,有助于客观评估iRBD病情的变化。     

男性偏执型精神分裂症患者静息态功能磁共振脑自发低频振幅的变化

目的:利用静息态功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)技术观察男性偏执型精神分裂症患者脑自发低频振幅(ALFF)的变化。方法:对36例男性偏执型精神分裂症患者(病例组)和19名年龄、利手、性别、受教育程度相匹配的健康者(对照组)进行静息态fMRI扫描;分析两组全脑各区域ALFF的差异。结果:与对照组比较,病例组双侧额中回、右颞中回、右顶下回、左中央前回ALFF明显减低;右颞上回、双侧颞下回、左枕下回ALFF明显增强(P均0.01)。结论:男性偏执型精神分裂症患者脑部广泛区域存在ALFF异常。     

首发抑郁症青少年患者的大脑功能——静息态功能磁共振成像的病例对照研究(英文)

背景:青少年抑郁症对患者及其家庭成员会产生长期严重的痛苦,但这种致残状况的潜在机制仍不清楚。目的:比较未经药物的青少年首发抑郁症患者和匹配的对照者之间的大脑功能静息状态。方法 :使用3T磁共振扫描仪对15名青少年抑郁症患者和16名对照者进行功能磁共振静息状态扫描。采用低频振荡振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuation,ALFF)来评估脑功能静息态。结果 :青少年抑郁症患者的儿童抑郁量表评分的均值(标准差)高于对照组(22.13[9.21]与9.37[5.65])。与对照组相比,青少年抑郁症患者在扣带回后部、左颞下回、右颞上回、右岛叶、右侧顶叶和右侧梭状回具有较高的ALFF;而在双侧楔叶、左枕叶和左内侧额叶表现出较低的ALFF。结论 :青少年抑郁症与大脑多个区域的显著功能变化有关。     

抑郁症首次发病患者静息态脑功能局部一致性的研究

目的 利用功能磁共振(fMRI)和局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)探讨抑郁症首次发病(以下简称首发)患者在静息态脑功能是否存在异常及异常部位.方法 对34例符合美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册第4版诊断标准的首发抑郁症患者(抑郁症组)和34名性别、年龄、文化程度匹配的健康志愿者(对照组)进行静息态fMRI扫描.结果 抑郁症组静息态脑血氧水平依赖信号的ReHo高于对照组的脑区有左侧额叶眶回、顶下小叶、颞上回,右侧额内侧回、顶下小叶、小脑后叶;低于对照组的脑区有左颞下回、右颞上同和胼胝体、双侧后扣带回(P＜0.005,K≥10).结论首发抑郁症患者在静息态存在多个腩区功能活动的异常,并可能和抑郁症的病理机制有关.     

Altered baseline brain activity in children with ADHD revealed by resting-state functional MRI

In children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), functional neuroimaging studies have revealed abnormalities in various brain regions, including prefrontal-striatal circuit, cerebellum, and brainstem. In the current study, we used a new marker of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), amplitude of low-frequency (0.01-0.08Hz) fluctuation (ALFF) to investigate the baseline brain function of this disorder. Thirteen boys with ADHD (13.0+/-1.4 years) were examined by resting-state fMRI and compared with age-matched controls. As a result, we found that patients with ADHD had decreased ALFF in the right inferior frontal cortex, left sensorimotor cortex, and bilateral cerebellum and the vermis as well as increased ALFF in the right anterior cingulated cortex, left sensorimotor cortex, and bilateral brainstem. This resting-state fMRI study suggests that the changed spontaneous neuronal activity of these regions may be implicated in the underlying pathophysiology in children with ADHD.     

Alterations in amplitude of low frequency fluctuation in treatment‐naïve major depressive disorder measured with resting‐state fMRI

There are limited resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in major depressive disorder (MDD). Of these studies, functional connectivity analyses are mostly used. However, a new method based on the magnitude of low frequency fluctuation (LFF) during resting‐state fMRI may provide important insight into MDD. In this study, we examined the amplitude of LFF (ALFF) within the whole brain during resting‐state fMRI in 30 treatment‐naïve MDD subjects and 30 healthy control (HC) subjects. When compared with HC, MDD subjects showed increased ALFF in the frontal cortex (including the bilateral ventral/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, premotor cortex, ventral prefrontal cortex, left dorsal lateral frontal cortex, left superior frontal cortex), basal ganglia (including the right putamen and left caudate nucleus), left insular cortex, right anterior entorhinal cortex and left inferior parietal cortex, together with decreased ALFF in the bilateral occipital cortex, cerebellum hemisphere, and right superior temporal cortex. These findings may relate to characteristics of MDD, such as excessive self‐referential processing and deficits in cognitive control of emotional processing, which may contribute to the persistent and recurrent nature of the disorder. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4979–4988, 2014. © 2014 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.