不同体重指数男性不育症患者早泄评估

目的调查不同体重指数男性不育症患者早泄（PE）分布情况。方法随机抽取男性不育症患者292例,按照不同体重指数分组,正常组84例,超重组117例,肥胖组91例。使用中国早泄患者性功能评价表（CIPE）调查患者早泄情况。结果男性不育症患者总的PE患病率为37．3％。超重组CIPE评分（37．8±6．8）低于正常组（39．1±7．1）,肥胖组评分（34．8±6．4）低于正常组和超重组;肥胖组PE患病率（50．5％）高于正常组（25．0％）,肥胖组PE患病率高于超重组（35．9％）,差异均有统计学意义。结论体重指数对于男性不育症患者的早泄有明显影响。减轻体重对男性不育症患者的早泄治疗较重要。     

Assessing centrosomal function of infertile males using heterologous ICSI

The human spermatozoal centrosome acts as a microtubule organizing center and is essential for male and female pronuclear migration and apposition. In this study, we assess centrosomal function of spermatozoa from infertile patients using heterologus intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) into bovine eggs. Spermatozoa from 15 infertile patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment and 3 fertile donors were tested. Microtubules and DNA were imaged by immuocytochemistry and epifluorescence microscopy. Decondensed female chromosomes and sperm nuclei, pronuclear formation and sperm aster formation were examined. The average rate of sperm aster formation using spermatozoa from infertile individuals was lower (47.0%) than that with spermatozoa from fertile individuals (66.1%). We compared the sperm aster formation rates after ART with various clinical parameters, including semen characteristics, pronuclear formation rates, embryonic cleavage rates and pregnancy outcome. Clinical semen characteristics and the rate of pronuclear formation appeared independent of sperm centrosomal function. In contrast, the centrosomal function had a substantial effect on embryonic cleavage rate and pregnancy after ART. These results suggested that centrosomal function is essential for pregnancy and embryonic development. The method described using bovine eggs is suitable to assay human centrosome function and predict pregnancy after ART.     

Seminal fructose in normal and infertile men

Fructose levels and fructolysis index in human semen were analysed to assess a correlation, if any, between the levels of this glycolysable sugar and sperm concentration. Semen was collected from normospermic men and men with azoospermia or oligospermia. Seminal fructose levels were elevated in men with obstructive azoospermia and in men who remained azoospermic following vasoepididy mostomy done to correct epididymal blockage. Men with sperm concentration of less than 20 million/ml pre-operatively or following vasoepididy mostomy, showed significantly high levels of fructose and lower fructolysis index. Fructose levels in normospermic infertile men, as well as in men with normal sperm counts (more than 20 million/ml), were similar to that in men of proven fertility.     

Beta-blocker effects on sexual function in normal males

Among the antihypertensives currently in use, the sympatholytic drugs (e.g., central alpha-agonists, beta-blockers) and diuretics are most commonly associated with sexual side effects. Previous reports of sexual dysfunction associated with these drugs have been based entirely on retrospective and selfreport data. This is the first study to date to investigate beta-blocker effects on sexual function by means of physiological (NPT), subjective, and hormonal measures. Four beta-blockers with different ancillary properties (atenolol, metoprolol, pindolol, propranolol) were evaluated in a placebocontrolled, double-blind, Latin-square design. Thirty healthy male volunteers received, in counterbalanced order, each of the four drugs and 1 week of placebo testing. Significant drug effects on both total and free testosterone were found during treatment with all four beta-blockers, although it appeared that the nonselective drugs (pindolol, propranolol) were associated with the greatest reduction in testosterone. No significant effects were found on measures of cortisol or cholesterol. Analysis of NPT and self- report data yielded inconclusive results, perhaps due to the confounding effects of sleep disruption and the brief duration of treatment in this study. Inspection of individual records, however, suggested that some subjects may be especially vulnerable to sexual dysfunction in association with propranolol.This research was supported by a grant from Stuart Pharmaceuticals.     

5例世界首报不育男性异常染色体核型分析

目的:对发现的5例世界首报不育男性染色体异常核型进行研究探讨。方法:对本中心就诊的男性不育患者采用外周血淋巴细胞培养,常规G显带,目测结合计算机软件进行染色体核型分析,计数100个核型,分析30个核型(核型异常者加倍计数和分析)。结果:检出5例国内外首报异常染色体核型,分别是46,XY,t(1;6)(q21;q23);46,XY,t(1;17)(q21;q25);46,XY,t(2;5)(q14.2;q15);46,XY,t(8;12)(q13;q12);46,XY,t(15;19)(p10;p10)。结论:染色体异常是导致男性不育的重要遗传因素,对不育男性患者应常规进行染色体检查,并提供遗传咨询和生育指导,以有效避免各种遗传缺陷向子代传递。     

Orgasmic frequency and plasma testosterone levels in normal human males

Twenty males participated in a 2-month study examining the relationship between 8 a.m. plasma testosterone levels and orgasmic frequency. Within subjects, higher levels of testosterone are associated with periods of sexual activity. Over subjects, however, the direction of the relationship is reversed. Mean testoster-one levels were higher for sexually less active individuals.This research was supported by a grant from the Commonwealth Fund.     

安徽省少精症患者血液、精子基因组AZF微缺失的检测分析

目的 检测少精子症不育患者血液和精子基因组AZF微缺失情况.方法 选取31例少精子症患者和19例正常生育男性的血液和精子基因组DNA作为研究对象,应用PCR技术对Y染色体无精症因子(azoospermia factor,AZF)基因DNA序列区域5个序列标签位点(sequence tagged sites,STS)微缺失进行检测,这5个STS分布在AZFa、AZFb和AZFc三个区. 结果在31例患者中发现4例存在AZF微缺失,占被检患者的12.9%,其中2例存在双缺失,另外2例为单个STS位点缺失,正常对照组未见AZF微缺失.结论 Y染色体AZF微缺失是引起少精子症的遗传学病因之一.血液、精液PCR检测结果一致.     

Effects of cyproterone acetate on reproductive functions in normal human males

Daily administration of 5 or 10 mg of cyproterone acetate to normal volunteers over a period of 20 weeks caused a gradual decrease in the count and motility of spermatozoa, concurrently with an increase in the percentage of non-motile as well as abnormal and immature sperms. The ability of motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate to penetrate through the cervical mucus (Kremer's test) was markedly inhibited. The levels of acid phosphatase, sialic acid and glycerylphosphorylcholine in the semen decreased progressively, whereas the levels of fructose did not show any significant change. Libido and potency were not significantly altered. The levels of SGOT, SGPT, serum alkaline phosphatase, blood urea and hematocrit values were not significantly altered. The possible sites and mode of action of cyproterone acetate as well as its potential as a male contraceptive are discussed.     

正常与不育女性增生期血清化学元素比较研究

采用电感耦合等离子直读光谱仪 (ICP)测定正常生育与不育成年女性血清中多种化学元素的含量 ,对其中 1 2种元素含量进行统计分析 ,结果表明 :卵泡刺激素 (FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、催乳素 (PRL)、孕酮 (P)、雌二醇 (E2 )、睾酮 (T)等激素水平异常引起的不育女性血清中Zn、Ca、Mg的含量显著性低于正常成年女性。本研究结果提示 ,女性血清中 FSH、LH、P、E2 、T等激素水平的高低与化学元素 Zn、Ca、Mg的关系密切 ,血清中 Zn、Ca、Mg含量的降低直接影响女性生育     

An analysis of self-reported sexual behavior in a sample of normal males

Ninety-eight presumably normal London men, age 20–35 and sexually active in a stable relationship, responded to an invitation at their work place to participate in a detailed sexuality interview. The interview was developed by a group of WHO collaborators to measure possible effects on sexual functioning resulting from various medical regimens (for example, a male contraceptive pill). It assessed frequency of coitus and masturbation during the previous 4 weeks, a variety of subjective ratings of sexual interest, satisfaction, and quality of relationships, as well as reports of the nature and incidence of various sexual problems. The study sample's responses displayed internal consistency and in general supported the inference that the sample was not atypical. The data appear to support Westoff's (1974) notion that the frequency of coitus has increased since the early normative reports by Kinsey et al.(1948). Most importantly, the results of principal components analyses point to the fact that overall sexual drive or libido (e.g., frequency of sexual behavior) is independent of several other possibly significant dimensions, including latency to orgasm, quality of sexual experience, autoeroticism, and the incidence of erectile difficulties. It is concluded that the sexuality interview provides potentially useful baseline data against which to evaluate effects of sexual therapy or drug regimens.     

直接测序与克隆测序检测不育男性H19基因甲基化印记的比较

目的建立亚硫酸氢盐修饰后测序技术,比较直接测序与克隆测序在不育男性精子印记基因DNA甲基化状态检测中的差别。方法对样本进行精液分析和精子形态学分析,密度梯度离心法制备精液。提取精液基因组DNA并行亚硫酸氢盐处理,行半巢式PCR,将纯化后PCR产物与pCR?2.1-TOPO?载体连接及转化,分别对PCR产物及阳性克隆菌液进行测序。结果 PCR产物直接测序,前半部分序列丢失约40bp,1号CpG位点甲基化状态信息丢失。每例标本只有一个测序结果,会出现CpG位点的部分甲基化状态。挑取15个克隆进行测序,序列无丢失,18个CpG位点甲基化状态信息均完整。15个克隆CpG位点甲基化状态有所不同,显示出此样本的平均甲基化状态。结论克隆测序不会造成序列丢失,CpG位点甲基化状态信息完整,克隆测序能较好地反应样本的平均甲基化状态。     

Identification and comparison of chromosomal alterations in infertile and fertile males of Tamil Nadu region exposed to cigarette smoking

Aim  

The aim of this investigation was to identify whether cigarette smoke increases the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (CA) in male infertility patients. Our study also endeavored to analyze the Y-chromosome deletion in infertile subjects.     

广西地区正常生育力男性精液质量的调查分析

目的了解广西地区正常生育力男性的精液质量状况。方法选择广西地区有生育力的男性进行精液检测,对精液的各主要参数进行分析,比较壮族和汉族不同居住地间的差别。结果 687例正常生育力男性的精子密度、存活率、精液量和pH值与世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)——第4版的正常参考值符合率较高,液化时间、正常精子形态率和活动力的符合率偏低。其中有321例(46.72%)达到世界卫生组织的精液分析正常值标准。汉族正常精子形态率则低于壮族,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。居住在农村的男性和城市的相比较,除pH值无明显差异(P>0.05)外,其他参数均明显优于城市,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广西地区正常生育力男性的精液参数与国内其他调查分析结果相似;广西汉族、壮族间精液质量差别不大,农村男性的精液质量优于城市男性。     

Body size distortion and self-esteem in asymptomatic,normal weight males and females

The purpose of this study was to assess body size distortion and the relationship between self-esteem and distortion in normal weight, asymptomatic individuals. There were 30 male and 30 female subjects selected from a general college population. Criteria for acceptance included a weight range within 10% of ideal and no history of eating disorder behaviors. Subjects completed Rosenberg's self-esteem questionnaire and estimated the size of four body sites using an adjustable light beam technique. Estimations were compared with actual sizes assessed with body calipers. On the average, all subjects overestimated their body sizes. Females had significantly higher body distortion scores than males, but significantly lower self-esteem scores. There was a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and distortion level for the males' waist and a significant negative correlation for the females' thighs. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between overall distortion level and self-esteem for females. The results were discussed with regard to the greater incidence of eating disorders in females and the importance of correlates of body distortion in asymptomatic populations.