非骨水泥臼杯加自体股骨头植骨全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼发育不良伴骨性关节炎

目的：评价非骨水泥臼杯加自体股骨头植骨的全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼发育不良继发骨性关节炎的结果。方法：回顾性分析20例(21髋)患者行全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼发育不良继发骨性关节炎。女性18例,男性2例,平均年龄50岁,采用非骨水泥臼杯加自体股骨头植骨螺钉固定重建髋臼侧。臼杯置于真性髋臼水平,所有病例由于髋臼缺损而需要行自体股骨头植骨。平均植骨块覆盖的臼杯比例为31％(10％～45％)。8髋植骨块覆盖小于25％,13髋位于25％-50％之间。平均随访时间4．7年(1．5—8年)。采用改良Harris评分对结果进行评估。术前及随访时进行摄片观察。结果所有植骨块均获得愈合。无植骨块塌陷和髋假体松动。改良Harris评分由术前平均46分增加到89分。术前除1例双髋发育不良外,下肢不等长均超过2cm,术后只有2例仍有双下肢不等长超过1cm。3髋的植骨块外侧非支撑臼杯部分出现轻微的骨吸收。3髋发现有BrookerⅠ度异位骨化,1髋Ⅱ度异位骨化。结论：使用非骨水泥臼杯加自体股骨头植骨重建髋臼侧的全髋关节置换术治疗髋发育不良继发骨性关节炎可获得良好结果。该方法在植骨块支撑臼杯不超过50％的情况下,髋臼固定可靠,可保留髋臼的骨量。     

全髋关节置换术治疗成人髋关节发育不良的髋臼重建

目的探讨全髋关节置换术治疗成人髋关节发育不良（DDH）时不同方式髋臼重建对疗效的影响。方法 2000年1月至2007年10月,36例（44髋）先天性髋臼发育不良患者进行了全髋关节置换。年龄42～65岁,平均48岁。术前Harris评分平均为49.9分,双下肢长度差异平均为1.8 cm,髋关节平均活动度：屈曲59.6°,外展21.6°,内收13.9°,外旋10°,内旋8.2°。术中臼杯均安装于真臼处,髋臼内移14髋,髋臼内陷成形术18髋,自体股骨头结构性植骨12髋。髋臼侧均选用非骨水泥型假体。疗效评价：根据Harris评分分为优、良、可、差四级。结果所有患者均获得随访,随访时间1.8～9.2年,平均5.1年。平均Harris评分由术前的49.9分恢复到术后的90.1分,两者比较有统计学差异（P〈0.01,t=28.807）,其中评定为优23髋、良17髋、可4髋,术后优良率达90.9%。术后髋关节平均活动度：屈曲105°,外展35°,内收15.8°,外旋45°,内旋15°。本组病例无肺栓塞、深静脉血栓形成、感染等并发症发生。X线检查示假体无松动移位,无翻修病例。结论全髋关节置换术治疗成人髋臼发育不良采用恰当的髋臼重建结合非骨水泥型髋臼假体可获得满意中远期疗效。     

Developmental hip dysplasia treated with total hip arthroplasty with a straight stem and a threaded cup

BACKGROUND: Operative strategies to overcome the anatomical anomalies in patients with osteoarthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip remain controversial. The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes of total hip replacement with a grit-blasted cementless threaded cup and a cementless straight stem in patients with developmental dysplasia. METHODS: Ninety-three patients with developmental hip dysplasia who had been treated with a total of 121 cementless total hip arthroplasties were clinically assessed at a mean of 9.3 years. The acetabular reconstruction was done with a cementless threaded cup, which was medialized to ensure that at least one thread was anchored in the bone in order to achieve good primary stability. All radiographs were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis, with radiographic evidence of aseptic loosening as the end point, predicted a survival rate of 97.5% for the acetabular component and 100% for the femoral stem at 9.3 years. The average Harris hip score for the unrevised hips improved from 34.0 points preoperatively to 84.1 points at the latest follow-up evaluation. The average total volume of polyethylene wear at the time of final follow-up was 73.6 mm(3). CONCLUSIONS: These wear and loosening rates demonstrate that very good results were achieved in this relatively young patient population when the hip joint center had been properly restored, even when a small cup with a thin polyethylene liner had been used.     

Long-term results of bulk femoral head autograft in cementless THA for developmental hip dysplasia

We evaluated the fate of bulk femoral head autograft in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) for developmental hip dysplasia. Of 87 hips (80 patients) studied, 37 hips (32 patients) were available for follow-up at a mean of 18.5 years (range, 15-24 years) postoperatively. The mean age of these 32 patients at the index procedure was 53.8 years (range, 40-65 years). The initial diagnosis was osteoarthritis in all 32 patients. The degree of acetabular dysplasia according to Crowe classification was type I in 18 hips (48.6%), type II in 14 (37.8%), type III in 5 (13.5%). The mean percentage of horizontal coverage of the acetabular components with graft bone was 34% (range, 25%-45%). Trabecular bridging across the graft-host interface was seen at a mean of 4 months (range, 2-6 months) postoperatively. Trabecular reorientation of the grafted bone was seen in all hips at a mean of 27 months (range, 12-36 months) postoperatively. There was no evidence of collapse and bony resorption of the grafted bone in the weight-bearing portion. Acetabular component fixation was stable in all hips at final follow-up. Of the 37 hips (32 patients), 2 acetabular components required revision: 1 for a late postoperative deep infection and 1 for dissociation of the polyethylene liner. The survival rate was 94.5% (95% confidence interval, 91.3-96.5) for the acetabular component at 18.5 years of follow-up. This study found that bulk femoral head autograft in cementless THA for developmental hip dysplasia produces excellent long-term results.     

髋关节发育不良的髋臼重建

目的　总结采用全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎和功能障碍的经验。方法　 1998年 4月至 2 0 0 2年 4月 ,对 96例 112髋 (双侧 16例 )成人髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎患者进行了全髋关节置换术。其中 ,半脱位 73髋 ,低位脱位 18髋 ,高位脱位 2 1髋。髋臼侧均采用真臼位置重建 ,其中骨水泥固定 16髋 ,非骨水泥固定 96髋 ,植骨 11髋 ;采用常规置换 83髋 ;磨削加深髋臼后 ,安置小号髋臼假体 2 7髋 ;髋臼外上缘自体股骨头植骨加深髋臼后 ,安置小号髋臼假体 2髋。结果　患者术后伤口均一期愈合 ,未发生感染或血管神经损伤 ,患肢长度平均延长 1 7cm。随访 85例 98髋 ,平均随访 3 5年 ,关节疼痛缓解 ,活动功能满意 ,Harris评分由术前的平均 33 9分恢复到平均 89 3分 ,无假体松动和翻修病例。X线片显示 ,关节假体位置正常 ,人工髋臼的平均外展角4 4° ,宿主骨对臼杯的平均覆盖率为 96 6 % ,金属臼杯与宿主髋臼之间未见透光线 ;11髋髋臼侧植骨病例中 ,植骨块与宿主骨愈合良好 ,未见骨吸收现象。结论　全髋关节置换术是治疗髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎患者的有效方法 ;术前应充分考虑髋关节发育不良的原发及继发性病理改变 ,尽可能在真臼位置重建髋臼     

螺旋臼全髋关节置换术治疗发育性髋关节发育不良

目的探讨使用螺旋臼假体治疗发育性髋关节发育不良（DDH）继发骨性关节炎患者的临床疗效。方法自2003年5月至2007年12月，使用Zweymaller螺旋臼假体治疗40例（43髋）DDH继发骨性关节炎患者，其中男6例（6髋），女34例（37髋），平均年龄47．6岁（22～70岁）；单侧37例，双侧3例；Crowe分型：Ⅰ级6例，Ⅱ级24例，Ⅲ级10例，Ⅳ级3例。平均随访24．6个月，术前Harris评分最高61分，最低22分，平均43．5分。结果所有患者术后疼痛基本消失，双下肢长度差异平均1．2cm，2例术后出现股神经损伤症状，术后6个月症状基本消失，Harris评分最高97分，最低62分，平均85．3分。结论使用Zweymtiller螺旋臼假体治疗DDH继发骨性关节炎的患者，可以达到良好的恢复关节功能的临床疗效，手术不需大块植骨和骨水泥，初期临床效果满意。     

应用S-ROM全髋关节置换术治疗Crowe Ⅳ型髋臼发育不良

目的总结采用粗隆下截骨和生物固定型带股骨柄模块的人工关节假体治疗CroweⅣ型髋臼发育不良伴骨关节炎的效果及经验。方法回顾从2004年2月到2009年4月对12例21髋CroweⅣ型髋臼发育不良伴骨关节炎患者治疗的详细过程及疗效,记录所有的并发症。全部采用粗隆下截骨和S-ROM生物固定型人工关节假体置换术进行治疗。髋臼杯假体均植入真臼位置,7例13髋采用自体股骨头于髋臼外上方作结构性植骨,均作了粗隆下缩短截骨术,平均截骨长度为39.4 mm(35~50 mm)。结果平均随访30.8个月(6~62个月)。髋关节Harris评分明显改善(t=24.862,P0.01),从术前的平均(38.2±6.4)分(28~48分)到术后平均(82.1±8.6)分(62~94分)。术后肢体均得到不同程度的延长(t=12.099,P0.01),平均(33.5±12.7)mm(11~65 mm)。术前所有患者均有明显跛行,术后4例有轻度跛行,2例仍需扶双拐行走。19髋股骨截骨处愈合良好,2髋截骨处延迟愈合。在最后一次回访时显示髋臼假体和股骨柄假体位置均良好,无松动、下沉、断钉、骨溶解及异位骨化出现。髋关节中心平均下移了73.0 mm(46~105 mm)。结论利用S-ROM带股骨柄模块的生物固定型人工关节假体的高度适配性,加上在真臼位置加深髋臼,适当植骨,以及精确的粗隆下截骨,是治疗CroweⅣ型髋臼发育不良伴骨关节炎的良好选择。     

非短缩截骨全髋关节置换术治疗严重髋关节发育不良

目的 观察非短缩截骨全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎的临床疗效.方法 2004年12月至2008年12月收治20例(21髋)CroweⅢ或Ⅳ型髋关节发育不良继发髋关节骨关节炎患者,男1例,女19例;年龄19～44岁,平均32.1岁.术前Harris评分(44.3±16.7)分.肢体短缩3.0～6.5 cm,平均4.6 cm.采用后外侧入路,行非股骨短缩截骨的全髋关节置换术,其中14例15髋用自体股骨头植骨重建髋臼.术后早期采取屈髋屈膝位松弛坐骨神经和股神经,仅行下肢肌肉静力性收缩训练,逐渐减少屈髋及屈膝角度至伸髋、伸膝正常.髋臼重建患者术后6周避免负重.结果 所有患者随访8～48个月,平均25.3个月.患肢延长2.9～5.3 cm,平均(3.9±0.7)cm;较对侧短缩0～1.6 cm,平均(0.5±0.3)cm.术后下肢肌肉主动静力性收缩均正常,2例出现小腿皮肤麻木感,1个月后恢复.X线片显示假体位置均满意,髋臼重建患者髋臼假体完全骨性覆盖,植骨块与假体及植骨床压配紧密,无髋臼假体松动及植骨块不愈合、吸收.2例出现异位骨化.末次随访Harris评分(86.3±10.7)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义.结论 非短缩截骨及自体股骨头结构性植骨全髋关节置换术能重建复杂髋关节发育不良的生物学及生物力学,不增加并发症风险.术后早期软组织平衡应逐渐恢复,强调个体化康复方案.     

全髋关节置换术治疗成人髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎五年以上随访研究

目的 评价全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)在成人髋关节发育不良(develop-mental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)继发骨关节炎患者中的疗效,回顾性分析该类患者THA术后5年以上的临床疗效及其影响因素.方法 对2000年2月至2002年7月在我院采用THA治疗DDH继发骨关节炎的患者55例(69髋)进行术后随访.临床评估以Harris评分为标准.影像学评估根据随访骨盆平片及患髋正、侧位X线片,观察髋臼、股骨假体位置及其周围骨质变化,测量内衬磨损率.假体生存率采用Kaplan-Meier方法进行分析,以任何原因的臼杯、股骨柄翻修或影像学假体明显松动为随访终点.结果 截至随访终点,共45例(57)髋获得5年以上随访,平均随访时间69个月,随访率为81.8%.Harris评分由术前的(46.19±18.01)分提高至末次随访时的(91.78±3.52)分,尚无假体翻修病例.聚乙烯内衬平均磨损率为(0.27±0.14)mm/年.5髋髋臼侧发生骨溶解,8髋股骨侧近端发生骨溶解.Kaplan-Meier分析假体总生存率为1.0(95%可信区间,0.98～1.00).结论 THA治疗DDH继发骨关节炎5年以上随访的影像学表现及临床效果尚可,但存在较高的聚乙烯磨损率及骨溶解发生率,对于年轻、活动量大的DDH患者,THA手术时应选择新型耐摩擦界面假体.DDH患者的定期随访尤为重要,可甲期发现骨溶解,及时给予相应的治疗.     

Total hip replacement with solid autologous femoral head graft for hip dysplasia

Acetabuloplasty with solid autologous femoral head graft for the treatment of hip dysplasia is an established method which creates the contained cavity needed to accommodate the artificial cup. In order to evaluate the medium- and long-term results of this method using a cementless hemispheric cup, 34 patients (39 hips) operated on between 1979 and 1986 were clinically and radiologically reviewed. The minimal follow-up was 5 years (average 7.6 years). The Harris hip score increased from 36 points preoperatively to 89 points 1 year postoperatively and to 85.1 at the last follow-up. On roentgenographic evaluation, all grafts had been incorporated and appeared to have tolerated the mechanical loading well. Partial resorption of the graft occurred in 22 of the 39 hips, mainly in the lateral non-loaded zone. Twenty-nine of the 39 acetabular components showed migration, on average 4.2 mm cranially and 1.8 mm medially; 92% occurred during the first 2 years, and thereafter it was not progressive. Smaller cups migrated consistently more than larger cups. A significant correlation was found between cup migration and the degree of bone coverage of the cup, and extensive migration occurred in most cases with cup coverage by the host bone of less than 40%–50% of the weight-bearing surface of the cup. Only one acetabular component was altered significantly, and another appears to have become loose. The use of normal-sized cups and cementless fixation medially in the primary acetabulum are thought to have contributed to our favorable mid- to long-term results. The substantial migration rate during the first 2 years was not related to loosening, and it did not continue to progress. Apparently, some migration must be accepted, and this does not necessarily correspond to cup loosening.     

Intermediate-term results after hybrid total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of dysplastic hips

BACKGROUND: In recent studies, good intermediate-term results have been reported after primary hybrid total hip arthroplasty (a cementless acetabular component with a cemented femoral stem) for the treatment of primary osteoarthritis. However, few studies have described the results of this technique in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip. METHODS: One hundred primary hybrid total hip replacements were performed in ninety patients to treat degenerative arthritis of the hip secondary to developmental dysplasia. Seventy-one patients (eighty-one hips) were available for clinical and radiographic evaluation. The average duration of follow-up was 10.6 years. There were ten men and sixty-one women. Seventy hips were classified as type 1 (dysplasia); seven, as type 2 (low dislocation); and four, as type 3 (high dislocation), according to the classification system of Hartofilakidis et al. RESULTS: At the time of the final follow-up, the average Harris hip score was 86 points. Structural autograft was used in fifteen hips to supplement acetabular coverage. Within five years postoperatively, the acetabular component in six of the fifteen hips had an average of 4.5 mm of vertical migration and an average increase in vertical rotation of 3 degrees, but the position appeared to stabilize thereafter. Revisions were performed in two hips because of recurrent dislocation. No acetabular or femoral component was revised because of aseptic loosening. Osteolysis was identified around two acetabular components and two femoral components. The average rate of polyethylene wear was 0.09 mm per year. CONCLUSIONS: Hybrid total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of symptomatic degenerative arthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia provides favorable results at intermediate-term follow-up. With lower grades of dysplasia, the majority of patients can be treated effectively without a structural bone graft by placement of the cementless acetabular component at a medial or high position.     

Femoral shortening and cementless arthroplasty in high congenital dislocation of the hip.

We performed cementless total hip arthroplasty with femoral shortening in 28 hips of 23 patients with high-riding congenital dislocation of the hip. All the acetabular cups were placed in their original anatomic location. If needed, the acetabulum was reconstructed using the femoral head. The proximal diaphyseal step-cut shortening osteotomy was performed and stabilized by cerclage or cable grips. The follow-up results at average 48 months postoperatively were scored clinically by the Merle D'Aubigné and Harris hip scores and were good and excellent in 89.2%. One acetabular cup showed progressive radiolucent lines suggesting aseptic loosening. Two superficial wound infections, 1 femoral nerve palsy, 1 sciatic nerve palsy, 2 nonunions, and 1 acetabular fracture were observed during the follow-up.     

类风湿性关节炎继发严重髋臼内陷的全髋关节置换

目的探讨类风湿性关节炎继发严重髋臼内陷患者行全髋关节置换术治疗的临床疗效。 方法2011年1月至2014年11月,对解放军兰州总医院收治18例(20髋)类风湿性关节炎的严重髋臼内陷患者进行随访观察,其中男6例,女12例;年龄37～68岁,平均(46±8)岁。纳入病例均类风湿性关节炎继发严重髋臼内陷,髋臼内陷依Sotello-Garza和Charnley分型：Ⅰ型(内陷1～5 mm)0例,Ⅱ型(内陷6～15 mm)15例(17髋),Ⅲ型(内陷>15 mm)3例(3髋)。排除标准为先天性、创伤性或髋关节骨关节炎所继发的髋臼内陷。手术采用后外侧入路,股骨颈截骨后股骨头逆行取出,取自体松质颗粒骨打压植骨重建髋臼,采用压配方式植入生物型多孔髋臼假体。随访时采用Harris髋关节评分评估髋关节功能,X线平片观察假体是否有松动和再次内陷以及植骨愈合情况。对手术前、后髋关节功能、股骨头中心到Kohler线的距离等计量资料采用t检验分析。 结果手术时间为55～131 min,平均(89±8)min。失血量为165～480 ml,平均(295±11)ml。术中未发生血管、神经损伤以及髋臼和股骨劈裂骨折。随访时间2.5～6年,平均(4.5±1.7)年。术后X线片示4.5个月自体移植骨均与髋臼融合。末次随访的Harris髋关节评分由术前(55±9)分(40～65分)提高至(92±13)分(89～95分),差异有统计学意义(t ＝22.81,P <0.01)。股骨头中心到Kohler线的距离由置换前的(20± 4)mm增加到置换后的(21±3)mm,差异有统计学意义(t ＝2.312,P <0.01);随访期间均无髋臼假体松动发生。 结论类风湿性关节炎继发严重髋臼内陷的髋臼骨质菲薄且局部骨质疏松严重,髋臼形态不规则。采用自体股骨头颗粒骨移植填充髋臼结合生物型钽金属骨小梁髋臼杯假体,可恢复髋关节旋转中心并获得满意的近中期临床效果。     

全髋关节置换术治疗成人Crowe Ⅳ型先天性髋关节脱位的临床研究

目的探讨CroweⅣ型先天性髋关节脱位患者全髋关节置换术的手术方法及预防神经损伤的对策。方法35例（39髋）CroweⅣ型先天性髋关节脱位患者行全髋关节置换术,均为女性,年龄36～56岁,平均46岁。获得随访31例35髋,随访时间1年～8年,平均4年。手术采用后外侧切口。髋臼侧除1例2髋外,均在真臼水平安放臼杯并使用非骨水泥型假体,股骨侧5例5髋选用骨水泥型假体,其余均选用非骨水泥型假体。2例2髋以往曾行转子下截骨者先行转子下截骨矫正术,再植入非骨水泥型假体。采用髋关节功能评分（Harris评分）评定髋关节功能,术前平均43分。结果获得随访的31例（35髋）中,5例5髋发生术中骨折,其中小转子轻微襞裂骨折3例3髋,大转子不全骨折2例2髋,但股骨假体稳定,予钢丝固定或未作特殊处理。3髋发生异位骨化,均为BrookⅡ型。2例术后分别出现坐骨神经或股神经刺激症状,1个月后恢复正常。随访期间内无一例发生术后感染、术中术后髋关节脱位、假体松动及有明显临床表现的深静脉血栓形成等并发症。术后随访时Harris评分平均87分,术后肢体延长4～6cm,平均5cm,肢体短缩得到满意纠正。结论后外侧人路、真臼水平重建髋臼是CroweⅣ型先天性髋关节脱位全髋关节置换术安全、有效的手术方法。     

Total hip replacement with the CLS expansion shell and a structural femoral head autograft for patients with congenital hip disease

BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of a dysplastic acetabulum in a patient with osteoarthritis of the hip may be accomplished with a variety of surgical techniques. The aim of our study was to assess the outcomes of total hip replacement with the uncemented CLS expansion shell and a structural femoral head autograft to augment the deficient acetabulum in patients with osteoarthritis secondary to congenital hip disease. METHODS: Between 1990 and 1994, we used a CLS expansion shell with a structural femoral head autograft in forty-three consecutive patients (forty-three hips) with osteoarthritis secondary to congenital hip disease. The ratio of male to female patients was 5:38, and the mean age of the patients was forty-eight years. According to the preoperative radiographic assessment, the dysplasia was categorized as Crowe type I in six patients, Crowe type II in thirty-one patients, and Crowe type III and type IV in three patients each. No patient was lost to follow-up. The mean duration of follow-up was 120 months. Plain radiographs were made immediately after surgery and at the latest follow-up evaluation. Clinical outcomes were determined with use of the Harris hip score and the Merle d'Aubigné and Postel score, and a radiographic analysis was performed. RESULTS: Postoperatively, the mean Harris hip score had improved 58 points for patients with Crowe type-I and II dysplasia, 47 points for patients with Crowe type-III dysplasia, and 46 points for patients with Crowe type-IV dysplasia (p < 0.05 for all). At the latest follow-up examination, the mean Harris hip score for all patients was 92.6 points. The mean Merle d'Aubigne and Postel score was 8.3 points preoperatively and 15.8 points at the time of the latest follow-up. The mean coverage of the shell by the graft immediately after surgery was 32.2%. Osteointegration of the CLS expansion shell was evident radiographically in all forty-three hips at the latest follow-up evaluation. There were no failures of the bone grafts. Clinical survival of the CLS expansion shell with a structural femoral head autograft was 100% at a mean of ten years after surgery. The rate of survival of the shell, with radiographic signs of loosening as the end point, was 88.2% at ten years. CONCLUSIONS: The CLS uncemented expansion shell, when used with a structural femoral head autograft, provides a reliable reconstruction, augments deficient acetabular bone stock, and allows placement of the socket at or close to the anatomic center of hip rotation in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty to treat the sequelae of congenital hip disease.     

组配式假体全髋关节置换术重建双下肢等长

目的探讨股骨颈组配式假体对全髋关节置换术后双下肢等长恢复的作用及临床结果。方法本回顾性研究纳入2009年6月至2011年11月使用Neck—modular髋关节假体进行全髋关节置换术的患者共37例,所有患者对侧髋关节均存在不同原因的解剖及异常,使用常规髋关节假体难以重建双下肢等长。根据对侧下肢长度术中调整颈长,重建下肢长度。术后测量患者双侧棘踝线,测量分析影像学上肢体长度恢复情况,评估患者主观感觉及术后Harris髋关节评分。结果所有37例患者术后双侧棘踝线测量及影像学上测量双侧下肢长度偏差均≤1cm,术后12周Harris评分平均84分（63—93）,所有患者髋关节均能获得良好的活动度,无一例出现股骨髋臼撞击症（FAI）和脱位。术后平均随访14．3个月（3—32个月）,Harris评分平均94分（76～98）。结论使用股骨颈组配式髋关节假体可恢复双下肢等长,并获得良好的关节活动度,减少并发症,临床结果满意。     

全髋关节置换术治疗成人发育性髋关节脱位

目的回顾性分析成人发育性髋关节脱位（DDH）患者的全髋关节置换手术（THA）方法及手术疗效。方法对1999年5月至2007年5月接受THA的174例（229髋）DDH患者进行随访。其中女128例，男46例，平均年龄32．6岁。分型采用Hartofilakidis分型：其中Ⅰ型（发育不良）92例（123髋）；Ⅱ型（低位脱位）33例（49髋）；Ⅲ型（高位脱位）49例（57髋）。Harris评分术前平均41．2分。手术入路采用后外侧入路，臼杯置于或接近于真臼水平。结果平均随访47个月，术后Harris评分平均为87．5分，术后并发症为8例神经损伤，其中坐骨神经2例，股神经6例，术后1年随访均完全恢复。结论成人DDH的THA难度较大，但对此类患者来说是一种较为理想的治疗方法，从很大程度上提高了患者的生活质量。     

Uncemented acetabular components with bulk femoral head autograft for acetabular reconstruction in developmental dysplasia of the hip: results at five to twelve years.

BACKGROUND: Anterolateral acetabular bone deficiency is one of the technical problems associated with total hip arthroplasty in patients with developmental hip dysplasia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of one method of acetabular reconstruction for hip dysplasia-placement of an uncemented socket in conjunction with a bulk femoral head autograft. METHODS: Forty-four hips in thirty-five patients (twenty-nine female and six male; average age, thirty-nine years) with developmental hip dysplasia were treated with primary total hip arthroplasty with use of an uncemented porous-coated titanium cup fixed with screws and an autogenous bulk femoral head graft. The patients were followed clinically in a prospective fashion for five to 12.3 years (mean, 7.5 years), and radiographs were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Four acetabular components were revised: two, because of severe polyethylene wear and osteolysis; one, because of aseptic loosening; and one, because of fracture of the acetabular shell. The mean Harris hip score for the unrevised hips improved from 51 points preoperatively to 91 points postoperatively. No unrevised socket had definite radiographic evidence of loosening. Forty-three of the forty-four hips had no radiographic evidence of resorption of the graft or had radiographic evidence of resorption limited to the nonstressed area of the graft lateral to the edge of the cup. CONCLUSIONS: This method of reconstruction provided reliable acetabular fixation and appeared to restore acetabular bone stock in patients with developmental hip dysplasia. We use this technique for patients with moderate anterolateral acetabular bone deficiency requiring total hip arthroplasty.     

Total hip arthroplasty in patients less than 40 years old with avascular necrosis of the femoral head. A 5 to 19-year follow-up study

We evaluated 34 total hip arthroplasties (THA) for avascular necrosis of the femoral head in 26 patients who were younger than 40 years at the time of the index operation. The average age at the time of THA was 283 (17-38) years. The mean follow-up was 10.9 (5-19) years. We used 6 cemented and 28 cementless acetabular components and a cemented polished tapered stem in all hips. The mean Charnley modified Merle d' Aubigné Postel score was 8.9 points preoperatively and 16.6 points at final follow-up. Two cemented metal-backed cups were revised because of aseptic loosening at 10 years, one cemented polyethylene cup failed at 12 years and 2 more all polyethylene cups had pending failure. The metal-backed cemented cups and the all polyethylene cups had a longer follow-up than the uncemented cups. Therefore and because of the proven unfavourable long-term outcome of the cemented metal-backed Exeter cup we are not able to draw any firm conclusions regarding the preferred choice between cemented and uncemented cups in this particular group of patients. On the femoral site none of the stems had to be revised. Our results show that a cemented polished tapered femoral component has an excellent survival in primary total hip replacement in young patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head.