正常高值血压飞行人员心血管危险因素调查分析

Objective To investigate the epidemic features of cardiovascular risk factors in the flying personnel with high normal blood pressure(BP). Methods Three hundred and ninety-one flying personnel were divided into normal BP group and high normal BP group by judging if the systolic and diastolic BP was higher than 120 and 80 mm Hg respectively.Body mass index(BMI),serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein(HDL),low density lipoprotein(LDL)and uric acid(UA)were compared.History of smoking and heredity of cardiovascular diseases were surveyed. Results Level of BMI,TG,LDL and prevalence rate of blood fat abnormality in high normal BP group were significantly higher than those in normal BP group (r=2.023,2.191,2.336,P＜0．05;χ2=7.535,P＜0.05),but no significant differences on UA,TC,HDL,smoking habit and familial inherited cardiovascular diseases were found between groups. Conclusions The flying personnel with high normal BP run higher risk of suffering cardiovascular diseases.Medical interventions for controllable risk factors are suggested.     

飞行员血液同型半胱氨酸与心血管疾病的相关性研究

目的 研究飞行员血液同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)水平变化,预测飞行员心血管事件的发生. 方法 将163例飞行员和60例男性健康地面工作人员(对照组)按年龄分别设21～30岁、31～40岁和41～50岁组;同时按飞行时间将飞行员分别设≤1000 h、1001～2000 h、2001～3000 h和3001～4000 h组;采用全自动生化分析仪测定Hcy浓度. 结果 飞行员组血液Hcy浓度为(9.86±4.45)μmol/L,对照组为(7.10±1.77)μmol/L.两组比较显示飞行员组血液Hcy明显高于对照组(t=4.67,P＜0.01);在不同年龄组血液Hcy测定中,对照组21～30岁组与41～50岁组差异显著(P＜0.05),飞行员不同年龄组之间差异均显著(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);在不同飞行时间血液Hcy测定中,1001～2000 h组、2001～3000 h组均与≤1000 h组差异显著(P＜0.01).同一年龄组中,飞行员血液Hcy浓度均高于对照组(t=3.893、6.221、3.193,P＜0.01). 结论 测定血液Hcy可预测飞行员心血管事件发生的危险性,应针对飞行员血液Hcy升高采取强有力的干预措施,从而有效预防飞行员冠心病的发生. Abstract： Objective To study the change of homocysteine (Hcy) concerntration in pilot's blood and to predict the occurrence of cardiovascular events of pilots. Methods One hundred and sixty-three pilots and 60 male health ground service personnel were selected as pilot and control groups and respectively divided by age as 21-30, 31-40 and 41-50 yrs sub-groups. Pilots were also grouped into ≤ 1000 h, 1001-2000 h, 2001-3000 h and 3001-4000 h sub-groups by flying hours. The concentration of Hcy were detected by using automatic biochemical analyzer. Results The Hcy concentration in pilot group was (9.86±4.45) μmol/L comparing to (7.10±1.77) μmol/L in control group and the difference between groups was significant (t=4.67, P＜0.01). For the Hcy change by age, significant differences were between sub-group 21-30 yrs and 41-50 yrs in control group (P＜0.05), and between each two sub-groups in pilot group (P＜0. 05 or P＜0. 01). For the Hcy detection by flying hours, sub-group 1001-2000 h and 2001-3000 h respectively showed significant difference to ≤ 1000 h sub-group (P ＜ 0.01). Between the same age sub-groups, the Hcy concentration in pilots is higher than that in control groups (t=3. 893, 6. 221, 3. 193, P＜0.01).Conclusions Detecting the Hcy concentration in blood can be used to predict the risk of cardiovascular events of pilot. Taking powerful intervention measure to restrict the elevation of Hcy level can effectively prevent coronary heart disease of pilot.     

飞行人员空晕病的诊治和医学鉴定

Objective To summarize the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment methods,prevention and control measures,and medical evaluation principles for airsickness in flying personnel. Methods Forty-nine cases of flying personnel with airsickness,who were hospitalized from September of 1976 to July of 2009,were retrospectively analyzed in respect of disease course,etiology or incentive,clinical diagnosis and medical evaluation of airsickness.The relationship between vestibular function status and medical evaluation was also statistically analyzed. Results ① Three of 49 picked cases were diagnosed as primary airsickness while the rest 46 were the secondary that were induced by different causes or incentives.Etiological treatment and vestibular habituation were the primarily treatments for such airsickness.② Among these cases,22 were normal in vestibular nystagmus electroretinogram (VNG) comparing to 27 abnormal cases.③ Sixteen and 33 cases were evaluated as normal and deficient Coriolis acceleration tolerance respectively.④ Eleven flying personnel Were finally qualified while 10 and 28 were temporarily and permanently grounded respectively.Flying personnel with abnormal VNG or with deficient Coriolis acceleration tolerance showed higher grounding rate than those with the normal (χ2=5.584,16.722,P<0.05). Conclusions Airsickness in active service flying personnel is mostly the secondary affection,which is caused by various primary disease or incentives.Such prevention and control measures as treating primary disease.eliminating incentives and implementing vestibular habituation are suggested.The effect of airsickness treatment and vestibular function should be emphasized in making medical evaluation.     

血管回声跟踪技术对男性飞行员颈动脉血管弹性的定量检测

目的 通过血管回声跟踪(echo-tracking,ET)技术对颈动脉血管弹性的定量检测,探讨年龄及飞行时间对男性飞行员颈动脉血管弹性的影响. 方法 根据年龄将72例飞行员分为20～29岁(27人)、30～39岁(30人)和40～49岁(15人)3组.应用ET技术检测各组飞行员的颈动脉血管,并采用t检验分别对各个年龄组颈动脉血管弹性值[僵硬度(stiffness parameter,β)、弹性模量(pressure-strain elastic modulus,Ep)、顺应性(arterial compliance,AC)和脉搏波传导速度(pulse wave velocity calculated from β value,PWVβ)]与国人正常测量值(对照组)进行对比分析,采用方差分析对各组间血管弹性值和飞行时间进行比较,通过直线相关和偏相关分析对各组飞行员年龄与飞行时间对颈动脉血管弹性的影响进行分析. 结果 飞行员各组β、Ep及PWVβ均较国人正常测量值降低,AC增高.飞行员20～29岁及30～39岁组血管弹性值与其对照组比较,有统计学意义(t=2.061～6.712,P＜0.05或P＜0.01),40～49岁组与对照组比较,无统计学意义.通过直线相关分析,30～39岁组的年龄、飞行时间与β、Ep和PWVβ均存在显著正相关;在20～29岁和30～39岁组中,年龄与飞行时间存在显著性正相关(r=0.655、0.723,P=0.001、0.000).通过偏相关分析,在控制飞行时间因素时,30～39岁组中β和Ep值与年龄存在显著正相关(r=0.516、0.452,P=0.007、0.020),即随着年龄的增加,β和Ep值增加. 结论 年龄对男性飞行员颈动脉血管弹性影响较大,而飞行时间影响较小.ET技术对飞行员颈动脉血管弹性值的定量检测有助于进一步了解男性飞行员的血管功能状态. Abstract： Objective To investigate quantitative detection of the carotid elasticity of male pilots in different age groups by using echo-tracking (ET) technique. Methods The carotid arteries were detected by ET technique in 72 male pilots who were divided into 3 groups according to age. The elasticity values, including stiffness parameter (β), pressure-strain elastic modulus (Ep), arterial compliance (AC) and pulse wave velocity calculated from β value (PWVβ) were analyzed by t test.The elasticity values and flying hours were also processed by variance analysis among 3 groups. The influence of age and flying hours to elasticity values was resolved by linear correlation and partial correlation analysis. Results There was no difference on elasticity values of bilateral carotid. The arterial stiffness indices, such as β, Ep and PWVβ in each group, were lower than those by the normal measuring, but AC value was higher. By comparing with control group, the carotid elasticity values had statistical difference in 20-29 yrs and 30-30 yrs groups, but for 40-49 yrs group comparison there was no significant difference (t= 2. 061-6. 712, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Linear correlation analysis showed that age and flying hours appeared significant and positive correlation to β, Ep and PWVβ in 30-39 yrs group. In 20-29 and 30-39 yrs groups, age was significantly and positively correlated to flying hours (r=0. 655, 0. 723, P=0. 001, 0. 000). In 30-39 yrs group β and Ep were positively correlated with age based on partial correlation analysis (r= 0. 516, 0. 452, P= 0. 007, 0. 020), which meant that β and Ep significantly increased with age. Conclusions For male pilot age expresses greater influence than flying hours to carotid artery elasticity. Quantitatively detecting male pilot's carotid artery elasticity by ET technique will contribute to the delermination of pilot's artery functional status.     

空军飞行员角膜内皮细胞的初步分析

Objegtive To preliminarily study the endothelial density baseline and the morphological characteristics of the corneal endothelial cell of Chinese Air Force pilot. Metheds Density and morphology of corneal endothelial cells were observed by Topcon-2000 noncontact specular microscope and analyzed by Imagenet 2000 software(version 2.53)on 56 pilots(112 eyes)While other 30 healthy men(60 eyes)who were with the comparable age and uncorrected visual acuity were compared and analyzed as the control group. Results The data showed that the average corneal endothelial cell density was 2797.0±330.3/mm2 in pilot group which was significantly lowet than 2917.57±318.04/mm2 in control group(t=2.286,P=0.024).The mean constituent ratio of hexagonal cell was 56.46±7.19 in pilot group compared with 60.33±7.68 in control group(t=8.253,P=O.001)and it was gradually reduced with the age growing in both groups(r=-0.395,-0.268,P=0.000.0.038).With the growing of flying hours the mean area of cell was increased under the eontrolled age factor according to partial correlation analysis(r=0.244,P=0.0 1).Conclusions Measuring of the corneaI endothelial cellular morphologic parameters and implementing corresponding analysis are helpful to know pilot's corneal endotheliurn changes in flight.     

空军飞行员角膜内皮细胞的初步分析

Objegtive To preliminarily study the endothelial density baseline and the morphological characteristics of the corneal endothelial cell of Chinese Air Force pilot. Metheds Density and morphology of corneal endothelial cells were observed by Topcon-2000 noncontact specular microscope and analyzed by Imagenet 2000 software(version 2.53)on 56 pilots(112 eyes)While other 30 healthy men(60 eyes)who were with the comparable age and uncorrected visual acuity were compared and analyzed as the control group. Results The data showed that the average corneal endothelial cell density was 2797.0±330.3/mm2 in pilot group which was significantly lowet than 2917.57±318.04/mm2 in control group(t=2.286,P=0.024).The mean constituent ratio of hexagonal cell was 56.46±7.19 in pilot group compared with 60.33±7.68 in control group(t=8.253,P=O.001)and it was gradually reduced with the age growing in both groups(r=-0.395,-0.268,P=0.000.0.038).With the growing of flying hours the mean area of cell was increased under the eontrolled age factor according to partial correlation analysis(r=0.244,P=0.0 1).Conclusions Measuring of the corneaI endothelial cellular morphologic parameters and implementing corresponding analysis are helpful to know pilot's corneal endotheliurn changes in flight.     

空军飞行员角膜内皮细胞的初步分析

Objegtive To preliminarily study the endothelial density baseline and the morphological characteristics of the corneal endothelial cell of Chinese Air Force pilot. Metheds Density and morphology of corneal endothelial cells were observed by Topcon-2000 noncontact specular microscope and analyzed by Imagenet 2000 software(version 2.53)on 56 pilots(112 eyes)While other 30 healthy men(60 eyes)who were with the comparable age and uncorrected visual acuity were compared and analyzed as the control group. Results The data showed that the average corneal endothelial cell density was 2797.0±330.3/mm2 in pilot group which was significantly lowet than 2917.57±318.04/mm2 in control group(t=2.286,P=0.024).The mean constituent ratio of hexagonal cell was 56.46±7.19 in pilot group compared with 60.33±7.68 in control group(t=8.253,P=O.001)and it was gradually reduced with the age growing in both groups(r=-0.395,-0.268,P=0.000.0.038).With the growing of flying hours the mean area of cell was increased under the eontrolled age factor according to partial correlation analysis(r=0.244,P=0.0 1).Conclusions Measuring of the corneaI endothelial cellular morphologic parameters and implementing corresponding analysis are helpful to know pilot's corneal endotheliurn changes in flight.     

空军飞行员角膜内皮细胞的初步分析

Objegtive To preliminarily study the endothelial density baseline and the morphological characteristics of the corneal endothelial cell of Chinese Air Force pilot. Metheds Density and morphology of corneal endothelial cells were observed by Topcon-2000 noncontact specular microscope and analyzed by Imagenet 2000 software(version 2.53)on 56 pilots(112 eyes)While other 30 healthy men(60 eyes)who were with the comparable age and uncorrected visual acuity were compared and analyzed as the control group. Results The data showed that the average corneal endothelial cell density was 2797.0±330.3/mm2 in pilot group which was significantly lowet than 2917.57±318.04/mm2 in control group(t=2.286,P=0.024).The mean constituent ratio of hexagonal cell was 56.46±7.19 in pilot group compared with 60.33±7.68 in control group(t=8.253,P=O.001)and it was gradually reduced with the age growing in both groups(r=-0.395,-0.268,P=0.000.0.038).With the growing of flying hours the mean area of cell was increased under the eontrolled age factor according to partial correlation analysis(r=0.244,P=0.0 1).Conclusions Measuring of the corneaI endothelial cellular morphologic parameters and implementing corresponding analysis are helpful to know pilot's corneal endotheliurn changes in flight.     

空军飞行员角膜内皮细胞的初步分析

Objegtive To preliminarily study the endothelial density baseline and the morphological characteristics of the corneal endothelial cell of Chinese Air Force pilot. Metheds Density and morphology of corneal endothelial cells were observed by Topcon-2000 noncontact specular microscope and analyzed by Imagenet 2000 software(version 2.53)on 56 pilots(112 eyes)While other 30 healthy men(60 eyes)who were with the comparable age and uncorrected visual acuity were compared and analyzed as the control group. Results The data showed that the average corneal endothelial cell density was 2797.0±330.3/mm2 in pilot group which was significantly lowet than 2917.57±318.04/mm2 in control group(t=2.286,P=0.024).The mean constituent ratio of hexagonal cell was 56.46±7.19 in pilot group compared with 60.33±7.68 in control group(t=8.253,P=O.001)and it was gradually reduced with the age growing in both groups(r=-0.395,-0.268,P=0.000.0.038).With the growing of flying hours the mean area of cell was increased under the eontrolled age factor according to partial correlation analysis(r=0.244,P=0.0 1).Conclusions Measuring of the corneaI endothelial cellular morphologic parameters and implementing corresponding analysis are helpful to know pilot's corneal endotheliurn changes in flight.     

空军飞行员角膜内皮细胞的初步分析

Objegtive To preliminarily study the endothelial density baseline and the morphological characteristics of the corneal endothelial cell of Chinese Air Force pilot. Metheds Density and morphology of corneal endothelial cells were observed by Topcon-2000 noncontact specular microscope and analyzed by Imagenet 2000 software(version 2.53)on 56 pilots(112 eyes)While other 30 healthy men(60 eyes)who were with the comparable age and uncorrected visual acuity were compared and analyzed as the control group. Results The data showed that the average corneal endothelial cell density was 2797.0±330.3/mm2 in pilot group which was significantly lowet than 2917.57±318.04/mm2 in control group(t=2.286,P=0.024).The mean constituent ratio of hexagonal cell was 56.46±7.19 in pilot group compared with 60.33±7.68 in control group(t=8.253,P=O.001)and it was gradually reduced with the age growing in both groups(r=-0.395,-0.268,P=0.000.0.038).With the growing of flying hours the mean area of cell was increased under the eontrolled age factor according to partial correlation analysis(r=0.244,P=0.0 1).Conclusions Measuring of the corneaI endothelial cellular morphologic parameters and implementing corresponding analysis are helpful to know pilot's corneal endotheliurn changes in flight.     

飞行人员血尿酸与心血管危险因素的关系

目的 探讨飞行人员血尿酸与心血管危险因素的关系.方法 对象为606例男性飞行人员,测量身高、体重、血压、胸围、腰围及臀围;实验室检测血尿酸、血脂、血糖、尿素、肌酐及生化参数,并进行包括生活习惯、个人及家族疾病史、飞行负荷的问卷调查.将血尿酸水平分为4层:≤298、299～357、358～417、＞417 μmol/L,最后1层为临床诊断高尿酸血症标准.以血尿酸为自变量,其他多种心血管危险因素为因变量,分析血尿酸与这些危险因素的关系.结果 飞行人员高尿酸血症患病率16.67%.血尿酸与临床化学标志物TG、TC、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B、空腹血糖、肌酐、总蛋白、γ-转肽酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆汁酸、乳酸脱氢酶和丙氨酸转氨酶呈正相关(r=0.65、0.24、0.22、0.42、0.29、0.11、0.33、0.25、0.17、0.17、0.11、0.10),临床化学标志物均值随血尿酸水平升高而增高;与年龄、BMI、胸围、腰围、臀围及收缩压呈正相关(r=0.11、0.24、0.19、0.19、0.17、0.14),生理参数均值亦随血尿酸水平升高而增高.吸烟量≥20支/d者高PUA血症患病率高于吸烟量＜20支/d者(x2=13.14,P＜0.01).有心脑血管病家族史者高PUA血症患病率高于其他人员(x2=9.506,P＜0.01).多元回归和Logistic回归分析显示血尿酸水平与TG和肌酐水平独立相关.结论 高尿酸和高TG血症是动脉粥样硬化形成和发展的独立危险因素;与血尿酸相关的载脂蛋白B,空腹血糖升高,收缩压升高,体质指数、胸围、腰围和臀围超标,吸烟量大和相关家族史构成心血管疾病的综合危险因素. Abstract： Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma uric acid (PUA) level and cardiovascular risk factors for Chinese military flying personnel. Methods Six hundred and six flying personnel served as subjects and their blood pressure, height, weight, chest circumference (CC), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) were measured. PUA, blood fat, blood glucose, carbonylamines, creatinine and other biochemical indicators were tested. The information,such as living habit, personal and family disease history, as well as workload in flight was got by questionnaire. PUA level was divided into four classes: ≤298, 299-357, 358-417 and ＞417μmol/L. The last one was taken as the clinical diagnostic standard for hyperuricemia. The relationship between PUA level and chosen risk factors was analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Chi-square or t-test and multiple regression or binary logistic regression. Results The incidence of hyperuricemia was 16. 67% in Chinese military flying personnel. PUA levels were positively correlated with clinical biochemical parameters: TG, TC, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein 13 (ApoB), fasting blood glucose (FBG), creatinine, total protein, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bile acid (TBA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ALT(r=0.65, 0.24,0.22, 0.42, 0.29, 0.11, 0,33, 0.25, 0.17, 0.17, 0.11, 0.10 respectively). The mean values of these clinical biochemical flag parameters, corresponding to different PUA classes, were gradually increased with PUA level raise. PUA level was positively correlated with age, body mass index (BMI), CC, WC, HC, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r=0. 11, 0.24, 0. 19, 0. 19, 0. 17, 0. 14 respectively). The incidence of hyperuricemia is higher in the group of smoking cigarette ≥ 20 bars/day (x2 = 13.14, P＜0.01 ) and in the group with family cardiovascular disease history (x2 =9. 506, P＜0. 01). Multiple regression and binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that the relationship of PUA concentration with triglyceride and creatinine was independently correlated. Conclusions Hyperuricemia and hypertriglyceridemia were the independent risk factors of causing and driving arteriosclerosis. Other PUA related ingredients, such as high ApoB, high FBG, high SBG, super CC,WC and HC, over weight, smoking habit and family disease history are composed of multiple risk factors of resulting in cardiovascular diseases.     

正常高值血压飞行人员心血管危险因素调查分析

目的 探讨正常高值血压飞行人员心血管危险因素存在情况,为预防心血管疾病的发生提供参考依据.方法 根据血压水平,将391名飞行人员分为正常血压组及正常高值血压组,并将两组人员的体质指数（body mass index,BMI）、血清总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride,TG）、高密度脂蛋白（high density lipoprotein,HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（low density lipoprotein,LDL）、血尿酸（uric acid,UA）等指标进行比较,且调查其吸烟情况及心血管疾病家族史.结果 常高值血压组飞行人员BMI、TG、LDL水平及血脂异常患病率均显著高于正常组（r=2．023、2．191、2．336,P＜0．05;χ2=7．535,P＜0．05）,两组间UA、TC、HDL水平、吸烟率及心血管疾病家族史阳性率无明显差异. 结论 正常高值血压组飞行人员较正常血压组存在更多的心血管危险因素,应注重对这部分人群可控危险因素的干预.     

军事飞行人员心理承受力与心理健康状况的研究

目的探讨军事飞行人员心理承受力与心理健康的状况及其相关影响因素,为科学设置航空心理训练项目提供依据。方法采用军人心理承受力量表和军人心理疾病预测自评量表对482名现役空、地勤人员进行测评,包括研究组飞行人员242人,对照组地勤人员240人。并对采集的量表数据通过方差分析、t检验、相关分析及回归分析进行统计。对飞行人员组心理健康状况与空军常模进行比较。结果飞行人员组心理承受力较好且总均分高于地勤对照组（t=11。69,P〈O．01）,但人际交往和家庭支持因子分低于地勤对照组（t=2．87、-3．54,P〈0．01）;飞行人员组与军人心理疾病预测自评量表空军常模比较,心理健康总分均值低于常模,差异有统计学意义（t=2．09,P〈O．05）,显示受测飞行人员组总体心理健康状况较好。飞行人员心理承受力总分与心理健康总分相关性显著（r=-0．21,P〈0．01）,提示心理承受力是心理健康的一个重要的影响变量。年龄和是否为独生子女对心理承受力的交互作用有统计学意义（F=1．80,P＜0．01）。从回归分析结果可见,心理承受力对心理健康有显著的预测作用（β=0．137,P〈0．01,R^2=14．7％）。结论心理承受力是影响飞行人员心理健康水平的重要中介因素,需在航空心理训练中依据年龄等不同因素设置项目加以训练,旨在通过增强飞行人员的心理承受力,不断提升飞行人员群体的心理健康水平。     

某部飞行员踝臂指数的测定及临床意义

 目的 测定飞行员踝臂指数(ankle brachial pressure index,ABI)并探讨其临床意义.方法 选择某部125名飞行员,按年龄分为≤30岁、30～39岁及≥40岁3组,每一年龄段再按是否吸烟分为两组,分别测定ABI、收缩压、舒张压、体重指数.对比各年龄段吸烟组与非吸烟组飞行员ABI,分别计算ABI与年龄、飞行时间的直线相关系数.结果 (1)≤30岁和30～39岁飞行员吸烟组臂踝脉搏波传导速度与非吸烟组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.01);(2)≥40岁组飞行员吸烟组ABI较非吸烟组显著降低(P＜0.01);(3)pearson相关分析表明,ABI与年龄、飞行时间呈正相关(P＜0.01).结论 ≥40岁飞行员吸烟组与非吸烟组ABI差异具有统计学意义,年龄、飞行时间与ABI显著相关.     

空中战勤人员心理健康影响因素的路径分析

目的 调查分析空中战勤人员的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为其临床研究、心理咨询及健康教育提供支持. 方法 采用症状自评量表(symptom check list 90,SCL-90)、卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(Cattell's 16 personality factor questionnaire,16PF)、特质应对方式问卷(trait coping styles questionnaire,TCSQ)、领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)对170名空中战勤人员进行评定.统计学处理采用t检验、Spearman相关分析和AMOS路径回归分析. 结果 空中战勤人员SCL-90的躯体化、人际关系敏感、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子得分低于军人常模,差异有统计学意义(t=2.306～4.093,P＜0.05或P＜0.01),SCL-90总分与军人常模无统计学差异;空中战勤人员SCL-90总分与16PF适应与焦虑型、内向与外向型、感情与安详型存在显著相关(r=-0.590～0.748,P＜0.01),与TCSQ积极应对、消极应对存在显著相关(r=-0.428、0.582,P＜0.01),与PSSS总分存在显著相关(r=-0.335,P＜0.01).路径分析显示,影响空中战勤人员心理健康的因素中适应与焦虑型最大(β=0.757,P＜0.01),其次是社会支持(β=-0.420,P＜0.01).结论 空中战勤人员心理健康状况良好并受到个性特征、应对方式、社会支持的影响. Abstract： Objective To analyze the characteristics of mental health of Air Force flying personnel and their influential factors in order to provide supportive data to psychological counseling,psychotherapy and health education. Methods One hundred and seventy Air Force flying personnel were evaluated by symptom check list 90 (SCL-90), Cattell's 16 personality factory questionnaire (16PF), trait coping styles questionnaire (TCSQ) and perceived social support scale (PSSS). Such analyses as t-test, Spearman correlation and AMOS pathway regression were implemented. Results Somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism that evaluated by SCL-90 of Air Force personnel had significant difference from the norm of Chinese military personnel (t=2.306-4. 093, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), but the total score of SCL-90. The total score of SCL-90 were significantly correlated with the factors such adaptation and anxiety, introvert and extrovert, sensitiveness and quietness that picked from 16PF (r=-0. 590-0. 748, P＜0.01),with positive coping (r=-0. 428, P＜0.01) and negative coping (r=0. 582, P＜0.01) that got by TCSQ, and with the total score of PSSS (r= -0. 335, P＜0.01). The results of AMOS pathway analysis revealed that the adaptation and anxiety would influence most to the mental healthy of flying personnel (β=0. 757, P＜0.01) and then the social support (β=-0. 420,P＜0.01). Conclusions The mental health of Air Force flying personnel is favorable and influenced by personality, trait coping styles and social support.     

飞行人员高血压病及危险因素调查分析

目的 调查飞行人员高血压发病情况,探讨引起飞行人员高血压病的危险因素. 方法 回顾分析1 070名飞行人员体检资料及同时进行的问卷调查资料.采用SPSS 13.0软件,组间计数资料比较进行x2检验,高血压与危险因素的关系采用多因素Logistic逐步回归分析. 结果 1 070名飞行人员中患高血压病者76人,患病率为7.10％;正常血压者401人,占37.48％;正常高值血压者593人,占55.42％.不同专业、不同飞行机种飞行人员间高血压发病率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;高血压病的主要预测因子有年龄（OR=1.415,95％CI：1.069～1.874,P＜0.05）、体质指数（OR=2.501,95％CI：1.915～3.266,P＜0.01）、腹围（OR=2.235,95％CI：1.723～2.897,P＜0.01）和高胆固醇血症（OR=1.372,95％CI：1.043～1.804,P＜0.05）. 结论 本组飞行人员高血压患病率低于普通人群.年龄、超重或肥胖、高胆固醇血症是飞行人员高血压的主要危险因素.不同专业、不同机种的飞行人员高血压患病率差异无统计学意义.     

高压氧治疗对重型颅脑损伤的临床、脑电地形图和CT的影响

目的 探讨高压氧(HBO)治疗对重型颅脑损伤(SBI)患者的临床、脑电地形图(BEAM)及CT的影响.方法 选择符合SBI的住院患者46例,分为HBO组和对照组.对照组采用普通外科治疗,HBO组在普通外科治疗基础上应用HBO治疗.所有患者在HBO治疗前1～2 d、治疗第1个疗程及第3个疗程后进行格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS),同时进行CT和BEAM检查.伤后6个月进行格拉斯哥昏迷结果分级(GOS).结果 HBO组与对照组治疗后第1个疗程和第3个疗程GCS评分比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01,P＜0.01);HBO组与对照组良好率(GOSⅤ+GOSⅣ)与植物生存和死亡率(GOSⅡ+GOSⅠ)指标差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);HBO组与对照组第1个疗程和第3个疗程BEAM异常率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.05);治疗后2组BEAM和CT异常率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05,P＞0.05).但3例脑干损伤和1例脑挫裂伤患者CT与BEAM异常情况不符合,而BEAM异常情况符合临床.结论 HBO可提高SBI的治愈率,降低残死率;BEAM可能有助于发现CT正常但有临床异常表现的患者.     

高压氧治疗对中重型颅脑损伤患者脑血流动力学和动态脑电图的影响及疗效分析

目的 观察高压氧(HBO)治疗对外伤性中重型颅脑损伤患者脑血流动力学和动态脑电图(AEEG)的影响及其治疗效果。方法 142例外伤性中重型颅脑损伤患者分为常规治疗组（71例）和HBO+常规治疗组（71例）,常规治疗组采用必要的神经外科处理及常规药物治疗;HBO组+常规治疗组在常规治疗的基础上,病情稳定后加用HBO治疗3个疗程。另选30名健康体检者作为正常对照组。治疗前及治疗后第10天、第30天行经颅多普勒(TCD)检查,治疗前、治疗后第30天行动态脑电图（ambulatory electroencephalogram,AEEG）检查及格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS),伤后6个月随访,行格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)。结果 治疗前常规治疗组与HBO+常规治疗组收缩期峰血流速度（Vs）、舒张期末血流速度（Vd）、平均血流速度(Vm)、搏动指数(PI)、脑血管阻力指数（RI）均明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05),AEEG异常率分别为94.4％、95.8％。治疗后第10天,常规治疗组Vs、Vm、PI、RI较治疗前下降(P＜0.05),较正常对照组仍升高(P＜0.05);HBO+常规治疗组Vs、Vm、PI、RI与常规治疗组比较下降更为明显(P＜0.05),Vs、Vm、PI仍高于正常对照组(P＜0.05)。治疗后第30天,常规治疗组Vs、Vm降至低于正常组(P＜0.05),PI、RI仍高于正常对照组(P＜0.05);HBO+常规治疗组Vs、Vm、Vd、PI、RI与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。治疗后第30天2组AEEG异常率较治疗前明显下降（P＜0.05）,GCS较治疗前明显升高(P＜0.05),且HBO+常规治疗组与常规治疗组比较两者改善更为明显(P＜0.05);伤后6个月GOS评分显示,HBO+常规治疗组预后良好患者较常规治疗组明显增多,死亡率明显下降(P＜0.05)。结论 HBO治疗能缓解中重型颅脑损伤患者的脑血管痉挛,调节脑血流,并改善神经元细胞的电生理活动和功能,从而提高临床疗效。