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1.
目的:了解和动态观察广东省实现消除碘缺乏病阶段目标后人群碘营养状况、甲状腺肿和骨密度的变化趋势。方法:用“五方位”抽样法抽查佛冈县5间小学学生共400名进行甲状腺肿、尿碘、盐碘及骨密度调查,骨密度用SD-1000C型单光子骨矿物测定仪测定。结果:8-10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为6.5%,居民合格碘盐食用率为98.4%,盐碘中位数为29.6mg/kg,盐碘变异系数为16.7%,尿碘中位数为202.9μg/L;在不同病区间8-10岁儿童骨密度差异无显性(P>0.05)。8-10岁儿童骨密度分别为0.363g/cm^2,0.381g/cm^2,0.406g/cm^2,不同年龄间的骨密度差异有显性(P<0.001)。结论:2000年实现消除IDD阶段目标及下调加碘盐浓度后,佛冈县的IDD病情是稳定的,呈较为理想的碘营养水平。  相似文献   

2.
386例健康男性骨密度与吸烟的关系   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的:研究吸烟对骨密度的影响,方法:采用现况研究法,对386例(吸烟157例、非吸烟229例)中国北方汉族男性人群进行骨密度测量和问卷调查,逐步回归方法分析主要影响因素,用方差分析和协方差分析法了解吸烟对骨密度的影响。结果:各部位骨密度值随吸烟量的增及吸烟年限的延长而下降。日吸烟量超过15支、腰椎、股骨颈、Ward三角区和全身骨密度值为1.127、0.952、0.8744和1.148g/cm^2均显低于日吸烟量未超过15支(1.179、1.002、0.907和1.219g/cm^2),其中股骨颈和Ward三角区骨密度也分别显低于非吸烟(0.998和0.896g/cm^2);修正体重等混杂因素后,这种差异在腰椎和全身部位仍然显。同时吸烟15年以上,其骨密度值比日吸烟量少于15支且吸烟不足15年低4.6%-6.7%。  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨阿法骨化醇联合阿仑膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的临床疗效。方法选取2010年2月至2012年2月间于万宁市妇幼保健院接受诊断和治疗的绝经后骨质疏松症患者84例,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组42例。对照组给予常规补钙治疗,观察组给予阿法骨化醇联合阿仑膦酸钠治疗。治疗周期6个月,比较两组患者骨密度值及临床疗效情况。结果观察组患者治疗后的骨密度值为(0.94±0.11)g/cm2,明显高于治疗前的(0.82±0.08)g/cm2和对照组的骨密度值(0.84±0.08)g/cm2(t值分别为9.131、8.441,均P<0.05)。观察组治疗的显效率为66.67%,明显高于对照组的28.58%(χ2=9.784,P<0.05);无效率为9.52%,明显低于对照组的35.71%(χ2=8.561,P<0.05)。结论阿法骨化醇联合阿仑膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松症临床疗效显著,值得推广应用。  相似文献   

4.
目的探讨老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者发病的相关危险因素。方法对本院106例老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者的年龄、体重指数(BMI)、糖尿病病程与其骨密度(BMD)进行相关因素分析。结果老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者中,80岁组的腰椎[(0.756±0.099)g/cm^2]、股骨颈[(0.658±0.111)g/cm^2]及Wards三角[(0.525±0.064)g/cm^2]BMD值较60岁组[(0.883±0.112)g/cm^2、(0.781±0.130)g/cm^2、(0.6274±0.118)g/cm^2]明显下降(P〈0.05)。低体重组(BMI≤20kg/m^2)的腰椎[(0.738±O.114)g/cm^2)]、股骨颈[(0.664±O.112)g/cm^2)]BMD值较正常体重组[(0.816±0.138)g/cm^2、(0.727±0.134)g/cm^2]明显下降(P〈0.05)。糖尿病病程〉10年组的腰椎[(0.743±O.122)g/cm^2]、股骨颈[(0.719±0.147)g/cm^2]BMD值较病程〈5年组[(0.886±0.132)g/cm^2、(0.792±0.122)g/cm^2]明显下降(P〈0.05)。骨密度与年龄、糖尿病病程呈负相关(P〈0.05),与体重指数呈正相关(P〈0.05)。结论老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者发病与高龄、低体重指数、糖尿病病程长的危险因素密切相关。  相似文献   

5.
目的探讨降钙素对去势糖尿病模型假体周围骨密度及生物力学的影响。方法糖尿病模型造模成功后,将所有大白兔双侧卵巢切除,在兔子股骨中段截骨约0.5cm,置入3.0克氏针后用骨水泥固定假体,造模成功后将所有兔子随机分为2组,实验组和对照组,每组各7只。实验组采用降钙素6u肌注隔日一次,对照组肌注生理盐水1.5mL/次隔日一次,共24周,于24周处死兔子。骨密度检查分别于术前、术后8周、术后16周、术后24周在兴趣区(假体周围)骨密度检查。处死兔子后将手术侧股骨全长取出进行生物力学测试。结果实验组术前骨密度(0.1863±0.004)g/cm^2,术后24周骨密度(0.1753±0.005)g/cm^2,对照组术前骨密度(0.1865±0.002)g/cm^2,术后24周骨密度(0.1638±0.005)g/cm^2,2组术后24周差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。然后行手术侧假体拔出试验及假体扭转试验。生物力学结果:实验组假体拔出实验为(312.68±8.73)N/cm^2,对照组(205.43±12.45)N/cm^2,2组差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。实验组假体扭转实验为(80.47±2.51)N/cm^2,对照组(38.52±0.64)N/cm^2,2组差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论降钙素明显降低假体周围骨转换率,减少骨吸收,促进假体周围骨形成,提高骨密度,同时改善假体周围骨质量,提高生物力学效能,增加假体与骨质的把持力,对临床预防假体松动有积极意义。  相似文献   

6.
目的研究脉冲电磁场在治疗绝经后骨质疏松症方面的疗效。方法将152例绝经后骨质疏松症伴有腰背部疼痛的患者随机分为两组,对照组70例接受口服钙剂、阿法骨化醇和阿仑膦酸钠治疗,治疗组82例在此基础上加用脉冲电磁场治疗,分别于治疗后60、180d观察患者腰背部疼痛改善情况.并在治疗后180d测量患者骨密度。结果治疗组患者在治疗后60d较治疗前疼痛明显缓解(P〈0.01),两组患者疼痛情况在治疗后180d均较治疗前明显缓解(P〈0.01)。对照组治疗后180d L1-L4骨密度较治疗前明显升高[(0.773±0.129)、(0.842±0.179)、(0.873±0.139)、(0.908±0.183)g/cm^2比(0.751±0.135)、(0.819±0.183)、(0.848±0.146)、(0.883±0.174)g/cm^2],差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。治疗组治疗后180d L1-L4骨密度较治疗前也明显升高[(0.791±0.131)、(0.853±0.181)、(0.884±0.137)、(0.918±0.180)g/cm^2比(0.750±0.123)、(0.820±0.176)、(0.850±0.140)、(0.882±0.179)g/cm^2].差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。两组L1~L4骨密度治疗后180d比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。两组股骨颈区骨密度治疗前后比较差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论脉冲电磁场在改善绝经后骨质疏松症患者腰背部疼痛症状方面作用比较明显,俩且也能够提高患者腰椎骨密度。  相似文献   

7.
目的:探讨细胞生长因子TGF-α、IGF-1、IGF-2与糖尿病肾脏病变的关系。方法:采用放射免疫分析法测定87例2型糖尿病血TGF-α、IGF-1、IGF-2水平,其中UAE>200μg/min的32例为DN组,UAE<30μgmin的55例为DM组,25例正常人为对照组。结果DN组TGF-α测定值明显高于正常对照组及DM组(P<0.01、P<0.05);IGF-1测定值DNA组也明显高于正常对照组及DM组(P<0.01,P<0.05);DN组及DM组IGF-2测定值均低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论:细胞生长因子TGF-α、IGF-1、IGF-2与DN的发生、发展有关。  相似文献   

8.
儿少卫生     
022931体育运动对青春期少女骨密度的影晌/吴久玲…//中华预防医学杂志.一2001,35(3).一152~154 比较有规律和无规律的体育活动对青春期少女骨密度的影响。采用双能x线骨密度测量仪,于观察期前后分别测量年龄在10~12岁的少女运动员(60名)和普通学生(90名)身体多部位的骨密度,  相似文献   

9.
目的观察联合补充钙、镁、锌、铜及维生素D对中老年妇女骨密度和骨钙索的影响,以及改善骨症状的效果。方法依据人选和排除标准,在上海地区筛选出中老年妇女230人,随机分成干预组和对照组,各组再分为未绝经与绝经组。干预组A:未绝经妇女75名;对照组A:未绝经妇女40名;干预组B:已绝经妇女78名;对照组B:已绝经妇女37名。干预组每日服用2片钙尔奇添佳片(每片含钙273.5mg、VitD1.62μg、镁99.7mg、锌3.08mg、铜0.51mg),干预6个月后再进一步分成低剂量亚组和高剂量亚组,每日服用2或3片钙尔奇添佳片,再干预6个月,总计干预12个月。所有入选者在研究前后各阶段检测腰椎骨密度(BMD)及血清骨钙素(BGP),并进行24小时膳食回顾调查和记录骨症状改善情况。结果(1)骨密度:研究6个月后,干预组腰椎骨密度值较前无显著差异(P〉0.05)。研究12个月后,未绝经干预组骨密度显著增加,未绝经对照组腰椎骨密度则呈显著性下降,但已绝经干预组和对照组的骨密度研究前后无显著变化(P〉0.05)。不同剂量干预亚组骨密度间无显著差异(P〉0.05)。(2)骨钙素:研究6及12个月后各组骨钙素水平均明显降低(P〈0.05);但干预组血清骨钙素水平均明显高于对照组,差异有显著性(P〈0.05)。不同剂量干预亚组的血清骨钙素浓度间无显著差异(P〉0.05)。(3)骨症状:干预后能明显改善局部关节痛和腰背痛等骨症状。结论联合补充钙、镁、锌、铜及维生素D可明显增加未绝经妇女的骨密度和骨钙索,有效改善骨症状;并可明显改善已绝经妇女骨钙素及骨症状,但骨密度改善不明显。低剂量亚组与高剂量亚组的骨质疏松防治效果问无显著性差异。建议中老年妇女尽早补充与骨营养有关的营养素以防治骨质丢失。  相似文献   

10.
维生素A对小鼠致畸作用剂量的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:观察维生素A的胚胎毒性和致畸作用,以确定VA的致畸剂量。方法:在小鼠胚胎器官形成期,经口给予孕鼠维生素A(VA)1.5g/kg、2.0g/kg、2.7g/kg,于孕后第18天剖腹取仔,观察其活胎外观有无畸形,并对胎仔、骨骼及内脏进行检查。以生理盐水作为对照组。结果:高剂量组交配成功率明显下降,第18天处死前孕鼠体重无明显变化,但中剂量组母鼠增重明显减少(P<0.05),高剂量组母鼠增重高于中剂量组,低于阴性对照组。仔鼠统计指标中,吸收胎率、死胎率显著高于阴 对照组(P<0.05)。各剂量组同吸收胎率也呈显著变化(P<0.05)。VA3个剂量组的活胎外观畸形率依次增高,且高剂量组与阴性对照组比有显著性(P<0.05),各组的骨骼畸形率均显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05),并且各组间也有显著变化(P<0.05)。内脏检查末见畸形。结论:VA作为孕鼠致畸实验的阳性对照品,以经口给予2mg为宜。  相似文献   

11.
【目的】 探讨特发性中枢性性早熟(idiopathic central precocious puberty, ICPP)女童乳房发育年龄与母亲初潮年龄及母亲身高间的关系。 【方法】 采用回顾性调查方法,并测查身高、体重第二性征、子宫卵巢、B超及促性腺激素释放激素刺激实验,对ICPP组、单纯性乳房早发育(simple premature thelarche, SPT)组及正常对照组进行研究,并进行相关性分析。 【结果】 1)ICPP女童的母亲月经初潮年龄(11.66±1.35)岁显著低于SPT组(12.93±1.66)岁和正常对照组(14.03±0.58)岁(P<0.01);2)ICPP女童母亲身高(154.13±3.61)cm显著低于SPT组(159.80±4.71)cm及正常对照组(159.50±2.33)cm(P<0.01);SPT组与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义;3)ICPP组女童的乳房开始发育年龄与母亲月经初潮年龄、母亲身高均具有显著直线正相关(P<0.01)。 【结论】 特发性中枢性性早熟女童乳房发育年龄与母亲初潮年龄及身高关联性大;特发性中枢性性早熟女童及母亲的身材矮小与性早熟或青春期提前有关。  相似文献   

12.
Summary Background Cobalamin deficiency is prevalent in vegetarians and has been associated with increased risk of osteoporosis. Aim of the study To examine the association between cobalamin status and bone mineral density in adolescents formerly fed a macrobiotic diet and in their counterparts. Methods In this cross–sectional study bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were determined by DEXA in 73 adolescents (9–15 y) who were fed a macrobiotic diet up to the age of 6 years followed by a lacto–(–ovo–) vegetarian or omnivorous diet. Data from 94 adolescents having consumed an omnivorous diet throughout their lives were used as controls. Serum concentrations of cobalamin, methylmalonic acid (MMA) and homocysteine were measured and calcium intake was assessed by questionnaire. Analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was performed to calculate adjusted means for vitamin B12 and MMA for low and normal BMC and BMD groups. Results Serum cobalamin concentrations were significantly lower (geometric mean (GM) 246 pmol/L vs. 469 pmol/L) and MMA concentrations were significantly higher (GM 0.27 µmol/L vs. 0.16 µmol/L) in the formerly macrobiotic–fed adolescents compared to their counterparts. In the total study population, after adjusting for height, weight, bone area, percent lean body mass, age, puberty and calcium intake, serum MMA was significantly higher in subjects with a low BMD (p = 0.0003) than in subjects with a normal BMD. Vitamin B12 was significantly lower in the group with low BMD (p = 0.0035) or BMC (p = 0.0038) than in the group with normal BMD or BMC. When analyses were restricted to the group of formerly macrobiotic–fed adolescents, MMA concentration remained higher in the low BMD group compared to the normal BMD group. Conclusion In adolescents, signs of an impaired cobalamin status, as judged by elevated concentrations of methylmalonic acid, were associated with low BMD. This was especially true in adolescents fed a macrobiotic diet during the first years of life, where cobalamin deficiency was more prominent.  相似文献   

13.
781例15~50岁健康者骨密度与影响因素分析   总被引:40,自引:2,他引:38  
Qin L  Chen J  Ge C  Ma H  Zhang W  Xiao Y  Bao A 《中华预防医学杂志》1999,33(5):282-285
目的进一步确定骨峰形成的年龄和影响峰值骨量、骨密度的因素,为预防老年骨质疏松寻找有效途径。方法对781例15~50岁健康人进行骨密度测定和生活因子调查,对生活因子与骨密度的关系进行多元回归分析,确定危险因子和有利因子。结果体重每增加10kg,男性不同部位骨密度值将相应升高0.028~0.056g/cm2,女性升高0.050~0.086g/cm2;青少年时期男性运动量每增加1个等级,骨密度在不同部位升高0.034~0.078g/cm2,女性腰椎和全身约升高0.035g/cm2;15~24岁的男性腰椎骨密度与饮酒总量呈负相关;25~50岁者全身和腰椎骨密度与抽烟总量呈负相关;女性腰椎骨密度与初潮呈负相关;女性平均母乳喂养时间与腰椎骨密度呈正相关。结论加强青少年时期体育锻练,能有效提高峰值骨量,保持适当体重和减少烟、酒摄入量有利于预防老年骨质疏松。  相似文献   

14.
目的 探讨中老年男性雄激素部分缺乏综合征(partial androgen deficiency in the aging male,PADAM)患者的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)特点及其影响因素.方法 采用双能X线骨密度仪(dual energy X-ray absorptiometry,DEXA)测定186例中老年PADAM患者和125例年龄、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)相匹配的健康中老年人的腰椎及股骨颈骨密度,收集相关生化、性激素及骨代谢指标,并对其与年龄、身高、体重、BMI、性激素水平及部分骨代谢指标进行多元逐步回归分析.结果 (1)PADAM组患者腰椎BMD与健康对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但股骨颈各部位BMD均较健康对照组明显降低[Neck:(0.831±0.136)g/cm2 vs(0.954±0.143)g/cm2,Ward's:(0.712±0.127)g/cm2 vs(0.811±0.149)g/cm2,Troch:(0.697±0.124)g/cm2 vs(0.764±0.131)g/cm2,P<0.05)].(2)PADAM组及健康对照组骨量减少的发生率分别为48.9%、36%,骨质疏松的发生率分别为33.3%、20.8%.(3)PADAM患者腰椎BMD与BMI呈正相关;而股骨颈各部位BMD均与年龄呈负相关,与BMI、雄激素水平呈正相关(P<0.05).结论 PADAM患者股骨颈各部位骨密度明显降低.高龄、低体重指数和低雄激素水平为PADAM患者BMD降低的危险因素.  相似文献   

15.
This study examined whether participation in high-impact sports during adolescence and adulthood contributes to bone health in males aged 40 years. Data were analyzed on 154 Belgian men aged 13 years at study onset in 1969 and aged 40 years at the end of the 27-year follow-up. In a second analysis, subjects were divided into three groups according to their sports participation history: participation during adolescence and adulthood in high-impact sports (HH; n=18), participation during adolescence in high-impact sports and during adulthood in nonimpact sports or no sports (HN; n=15), and participation during adolescence and adulthood in nonimpact sports or no sports (NN; n=14). Body mass and impact loading during adulthood were significant predictors of total body bone mineral density (BMD) and lumbar spine BMD. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for lumbar spine BMD between the HH (1.12 g/cm2) group and the HN (1.01 g/cm2) and NN (0.99 g/cm2) groups (F=5.07, p=0.01). Total body BMD was also higher in the HH group at age 40 years, but not significantly (F=3.17, p=0.0515). Covariance analyses for total body BMD and lumbar spine BMD, with body mass and time spent participating in sports as covariates, confirmed these results. Continued participation in impact sports is beneficial for the skeletal health of males aged 40 years.  相似文献   

16.
目的探讨大量饮酒对成年男性骨密度的影响。方法对219例成年男性查体资料进行回顾性分析,根据每日饮酒量分为大量饮酒组(98例)和非大量饮酒组(121例)。应用双能X线骨密度仪测定其腰椎和髋部骨密度,获得骨密度、骨矿含量、面积、T值和Z值。应用SPSS11.5统计软件对两组进行比较分析。结果大量饮酒组的腰椎骨密度和骨矿含量低于非大量饮酒组(1.09±0.17vs1.20±0.15g/cm2,P=0.001;67.86±13.84vs75.19±13.09g,P=0.001)。大量饮酒组股骨颈部位骨密度和骨矿含量低于非大量饮酒组(0.92±0.13vs0.97±0.12g/cm2,P=0.001;4.93±0.97vs5.22±0.81g,P=0.014)。两组的腰椎和股骨颈的面积均无统计学意义。根据T值,大量饮酒组的骨质疏松及低骨量的检出率(10.2%和32.7%)高于非大量饮酒组(分别为0%和14.9%),差别有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论乙醇的毒害作用可导致骨量减低,戒酒有利于骨质疏松的干预。  相似文献   

17.
Osteoporosis is a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) that predisposes individuals to fractures. Although an elderly affliction, a predisposition may develop during adolescence if a sufficient peak BMD is not achieved. Rat studies have found that lead exposure is associated with decreased BMD. However, human studies are limited. We hypothesized that the BMD of children with high lead exposure would be lower than the BMD of children with low lead exposure. We collected data on 35 subjects; 16 had low cumulative lead exposure (mean, 6.5 microg/dL), and 19 had high exposure (mean, 23.6 micro g/dL). All were African American; there was no difference between the groups by sex, age, body mass index, socioeconomic status, physical activity, or calcium intake. Significant differences in BMD between low and high cumulative lead exposure were noted in the head (1.589 vs. 1.721 g/cm2), third lumbar vertebra (0.761 vs. 0.819 g/cm2), and fourth lumbar vertebra (0.712 vs. 0.789 g/cm2). Contrary to our hypothesis, subjects with high lead exposure had a significantly higher BMD than did subjects with low lead exposure. This may reflect a true phenomenon because lead exposure has been reported to accelerate bony maturation by inhibiting the effects of parathyroid hormone-related peptide. Accelerated maturation of bone may ultimately result in a lower peak BMD being achieved in young adulthood, thus predisposing to osteoporosis in later life. Future studies need to investigate this proposed model.  相似文献   

18.
目的 探讨婴儿期快速生长对青春期性发育的影响,对预防未来青春期提早发育提供依据。方法 选择2004年1月-2005年1月在温州市儿童医院及本院体检的198例生长过快的婴儿为观察组,另选择175名正常婴儿为对照组。根据出现月经初潮/遗精的时间点,把观察组分成性早熟组和正常发育组。采用Spearman相关性分析观察组婴儿1周岁的身高Δ值、体重Δ值与青春期性早熟的相关性。结果 观察组婴儿1周岁的身高Δ值、体重Δ值均显著大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.085,2.146,P<0.05);观察组儿童的身高、体重、体脂、骨龄值均显著大于对照组儿童,观察组儿童的T、E2、FSH、LH水平均显著高于对照组儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组无性早熟患儿。观察组、早熟组和正常组的男女比例对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。早熟组身高、体重、体脂、骨龄值均显著大于正常组,早熟组T、E2、FSH、LH水平均显著高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组婴儿1周岁的身高Δ值、体重Δ值与青春期性早熟呈正相关(r=0.816,0.872,P<0.001)。结论 婴儿期快速生长可造成儿童青春期前肥胖和体脂过度,使青春期早发。控制婴儿期过快生长对预防未来青春期提早发育有重要意义。  相似文献   

19.
目的:比较青春期PCOS不同临床亚型的脂代谢异常,筛选出青春期PCOS易患心血管疾病的预测指标。方法:选取青春期PCOS患者92例及56例某高中女生作为对照组,测定人体测量学参数(体重指数、腰臀比)及脂代谢相关指标。将青春期PCOS患者分为3个亚型:Ⅰ型(完全满足鹿特丹3个标准):月经稀发或闭经、严重多毛、高雄激素血症和卵巢多囊样改变,Ⅱ型:月经稀发或闭经和高雄激素血症或严重多毛;Ⅲ型:月经稀发或闭经和卵巢多囊样改变,测定人体测量学参数及脂代谢相关指标。结果:PCOS组BMI、WHR、TG、LDL、LDL/HDL、APoB/APoA1高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。PCOSⅠ型WHR、TG、Chol、LDL、LDL/HDL、APoB、APoB/APoA1高于Ⅲ型(P<0.05),Ⅱ型LDL高于Ⅲ型(P<0.05)。结论:青春期PCOSⅠ型患者具有更严重的脂代谢紊乱,测定LDL/HDL和APoB/APoA1可能对早期发现脂代谢异常有重要价值。  相似文献   

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