Total serum IgE and outcome in infants with recurrent wheezing

OBJECTIVE—To investigate the relation between total serum IgE at 0.5-3 and 3-6 years, and the risk of allergic sensitisation and persistent wheezing up to 8 years of age.
METHODS—Prospective follow up study of 45 infants with highly recurrent wheezing, no allergic symptoms, and negative skin tests.
RESULTS—In the last follow up year, 15 children still suffered from wheezing. Five wheeze-free and four episodically wheezing children had become sensitised. No association was found between early (0.5-3 years) IgE z scores and the recurrence of wheezing during follow up, or atopic sensitisation. IgE z scores at 3-6 years were significantly higher in children with positive skin tests (p = 0.013), but were still not associated with recurrence of wheezing.
CONCLUSIONS—In subjects with frequent early wheezing and no signs of atopy, early total serum IgE measurements are not predictive of outcome.

     

喘息婴幼儿鼻咽分泌物嗜酸粒细胞与血清特异性IgE的关系分析

目的 探讨婴幼儿喘息时鼻咽分泌物涂片中嗜酸粒细胞计数及与血清特异性IgE的关系.方法 选择2002-2004年收治的1个月～3岁的喘息及支气管肺炎患儿223例,分为3组,其中反复喘息(包括婴幼儿哮喘和喘息发作≥2次)组76例,毛细支气管炎组65例,支气管肺炎(无喘息症状)组82例.吸取鼻咽分泌物1ml进行嗜酸粒细胞计数,并测定血清特异性IgE的水平.结果 反复喘息组鼻咽分泌物嗜酸粒细胞计数明显高于其他两组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);反复喘息组血清食物变应原(fx5E)的阳性检出率及吸入性变应原(Phadiatop)阳性检出率均明显高于其他两组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),毛支组和支气管肺炎组之间差异则无统计学意义;血清特异性IgE与鼻咽分泌物嗜酸粒细胞计数之间存在显著正相关;鼻咽分泌物嗜酸粒细胞水平在同时存在喘息和特应性的患儿最高,在既没有喘息也无个人特应性的患儿最低,有喘息或血清IgE一项者介于两组之间.结论 鼻咽分泌物嗜酸粒细胞计数方法操作简单、无创、快速,费用低,且能在一定程度上反映哮喘的病理特征,与血清特异性IgE之间呈正相关,可以在临床进一步推广应用.     

Total serum IgE levels in children with pertussis

Total serum IgE levels were evaluated in 20 children with pertussis. Increased levels of serum IgE were observed in the group of children between the ages of 3 and 12 years, while normal levels of serum IgE were detected in the groups of children between birth and 24 months old and between 13 and 24 months old. A further and significant increment of serum IgE levels was also found after 10 days of hospitalization.     

婴幼儿喘息性社区获得性肺炎患儿血清炎症因子的变化

目的 通过测定婴幼儿喘息性社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患儿血清炎症因子的变化,了解婴幼儿喘息性肺炎是否与哮喘有相似的免疫机制。方法 喘息性CAP 47例、非喘息性CAP 42例、正常对照30例婴幼儿纳入该研究。比较3组间外周血C反应蛋白、降钙素原、可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1、γ干扰素、白细胞介素4、白细胞介素10及骨膜蛋白水平。结果 喘息性和非喘息性肺炎组血降钙素原、可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1、白细胞介素4、白细胞介素10 含量均高于正常对照组(PPP结论 婴幼儿喘息性肺炎存在γ干扰素/白细胞介素4比值失衡,存在气道嗜酸性粒细胞炎症,提示婴幼儿喘息性肺炎与哮喘有相似的免疫机制。     

反复喘息婴幼儿外周血髓系抑制细胞检测及意义

目的 探讨外周血髓系抑制细胞（MDSCs）占单个核细胞比例在婴幼儿反复喘息发生、发展中的意义。方法 随机选取急性发作期的反复喘息婴幼儿31例作为喘息组,选取同年龄支气管肺炎患儿27例作为肺炎组;另选取同期在我院外科住院的患疝气、肾结石等非感染、非肿瘤性疾病术前患儿27例作为对照组。采用流式细胞术检测各组患儿外周血MDSCs占单个核细胞比例（MDSCs%）。结果 3组患儿外周血中MDSCs%差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,其中喘息组MDSCs%高于肺炎组和对照组（均P<0.05）。结论 反复喘息婴幼儿外周血中MDSCs高表达,可能在婴幼儿喘息反复发生、发展中起重要作用。     

婴幼儿反复、持续吼喘58例病因分析

目的提高临床儿科医师对婴幼儿反复吼喘的鉴别诊断能力。方法对临床持续吼喘≥4周或反复吼喘≥3次、年龄≤3岁的58例住院患儿进行病因分析。结果58例中诊断为婴幼儿哮喘26例,气管、支气管软化10例,气管、支气管狭窄9例,异物4例,支气管肺发育不良2例,胃食管返流4例,其他原因3例。结论婴幼儿出现反复吼喘最多见原因为婴幼儿哮喘;小婴儿必须排除先天性因素的可能性,6个月以内的小婴儿持续或反复吼喘最多见原因为先天性气道或肺发育异常疾病。     

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??Abstract??Wheezing in infants is common and the differential diagnosis is broad. For recurrent wheezing?? especially colds and without other causes?? a parental history of asthma?? and physicians diagnosis of eczema or atopic dermatitis?? and eosinophilia will increase the probability of a subsequent asthma diagnosis.Because objective measures of lung function are challenging to perform in infants?? clinical signs and symptoms thus suggest the diagnosis of asthma.     

婴儿湿疹患儿血清食物特异性IgE变化及意义

目的：探讨婴儿湿疹与食物过敏的关系。方法：采用荧光免疫酶技术检测 138例婴儿湿疹患儿血清食物特异性IgE。结果：138例患儿中 6 7例食物特异性IgE升高 ,阳性率 4 8.6 % ,阳性率高的食物依次是鸡蛋白4 5 .2 %、牛奶35 .5 %、鸡蛋黄2 5 .0 %、猪肉2 5 .0 %。避免进食食物特异性IgE升高的食物后湿疹逐渐痊愈。结论：食物过敏是婴儿湿疹的主要病因之一 ,IgE介导的食物变态反应参与了婴儿湿疹的发病     

Bacterial colonization in respiratory secretions from acute and recurrent wheezing infants and children

Lower respiratory tract infection in childhood often results in airway obstruction, characterized by wheezing. However, contribution of bacterial colonization to the wheezy state in children remains unclear. Wheezing and non-wheezing children requiring hospitalization were classified into three groups: (i) wheezing children having a past history of recurrent wheezing; (ii) wheezing children without such history; and (iii) non-wheezing children as control subjects. Respiratory secretions as sputum were analyzed microscopically, and cultured. Cultured pathogenic bacterial species in sputum were categorized into two subgroups according to their amounts, i.e., dominant and non-dominant amounts of colonies. Incidence of bacterial colonization and wheezing were assessed. Hospitalized children were mainly 1- to 2-yr old, and rapidly decreased in number for older ages. Children in the three groups belonged to different clinical entities. Children in the recurrent wheezing group were highly sensitized to mite allergens, and still required hospitalization after 2 yr of age. Incidence of bacterial colonization was similar between the three groups. Dominant and non-dominant amounts of bacterial colonization were 170/997 (17.1%) and 170/997 (17.1%), respectively, in the recurrent wheezing group; 28/146 (19.2%) and 35/146 (24.0%), respectively, in the acute wheezing group; and 15/56 (26.8%) and 7/56 (12.5%), respectively, in the non-wheezing group. Regardless of the presence of wheezing, bacterial colonization commonly occurred at a young age in the three groups. In recurrent wheezing children, boys (122/611, 20.0%) carried non-dominant amounts of bacteria more frequently than girls (48/386, 12.4%) (p < 0.01). Boys showed predominant wheezing and susceptibility to bacterial colonization. Assessment of bacterial colonization allowed us to characterize asthma onset and outgrowth in childhood.     

Predictive value of respiratory syncytial virus-specific IgE responses for recurrent wheezing following bronchiolitis

To determine whether the magnitude of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-specific IgE response at the time of an episode of RSV bronchiolitis in infancy accurately predicts the development of subsequent wheezing episodes, we observed 38 infants prospectively from the time of an episode of infantile bronchiolitis through 48 months of age. Peak RSV-IgE titers were measured at the time of the bronchiolitis episode using an ELISA procedure. Notation was made of both the number of subsequent wheezing episodes reported by parents and the number documented by a physician. Subsequent wheezing was documented by a physician in 20% of infants who did not develop an RSV-IgE response at the time of the bronchiolitis episode and in 70% of those with the highest responses (P less than 0.025). These results suggest that the magnitude of the RSV-IgE response at the time of RSV bronchiolitis is a useful prognostic indicator for recurrent wheezing.     

反复喘息婴幼儿潮气呼吸肺功能及其与生长的相关性

目的了解反复喘息婴幼儿潮气呼吸肺功能及其与生长的相关性。方法选择118例反复喘息婴幼儿为研究对象,测定其身长、体质量等生长指标及潮气呼吸肺功能参数。将反复喘息婴幼儿的生长水平与世界卫生组织(WHO)儿童生长标准进行对比,评估罹患反复喘息疾病患儿的生长情况;将纳入患儿分为非超重组75例、超重组43例,比较两组患儿潮气呼吸肺功能特点。结果无论男性还是女性反复喘息患儿体质量水平均高于WHO儿童生长标准的均值,差异有统计学意义(t=3.91、3.25,P均0.05);而身长水平与WHO儿童生长标准均值差异无统计学意义(t=1.76、1.24,P均0.05)。超重组患儿的潮气量(VT)低于非超重组,吸呼比(tI/tE)高于非超重组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.68、3.15,P均0.01);反映气道阻塞指数的达峰时间比(tPF/tE)、达峰容积比(VPF/VE)在两组之间的差异无统计学意义(Z=0.73、1.31,P均0.05)。结论反复喘息患儿的体质量水平高于WHO标准均值。超重的反复喘息患儿潮气量较非超重患儿下降,大小气道阻塞两组间无明显差异。     

婴幼儿反复和持续喘鸣音83例原因分析

目的　提高临床医生对喘鸣音的鉴别诊断能力。方法　对临床以持续喘鸣≥ 4周或反复喘鸣≥ 3次、年龄≤ 3岁的 83例住院患儿进行病因分析。结果　气管、支气管软化 7例 ,气管、支气管狭窄 5例 ,吸入因素 6例(2例为胃食管反流 ,3例为异物 ,1例为腭裂 ) ,闭塞性毛细支气管炎 2例 ,支气管肺发育不良 3例 ,先天性心脏病3例 ,早产儿 3例 ,婴儿多囊肾 1例 ,婴幼儿哮喘 5 3例。结论　婴幼儿出现喘鸣音最多见的原因为婴幼儿哮喘 ,小婴儿必须排除先天性因素的可能性 ;6个月以内的小婴儿 ,持续或反复的喘鸣音 ,对常规治疗无效或不敏感 ,应做纤维支气管镜、肺CT检查以排除其他原因所致的喘鸣音。     

尘螨阳性婴幼儿首次喘息后反复喘息发作的危险因素

目的 探讨尘螨阳性婴幼儿首次喘息后反复喘息发作的危险因素。方法 选取2014年8月至2015年2月间住院的首次喘息发作婴幼儿共1 236例,其中尘螨阳性387例,出院后随访1年,随访1年内再发喘息3次及3次以上的患儿设定为反复喘息组（n=67）,随访期间未再发生喘息的患儿设定为对照组（n=84）。采用单因素分析和多因素logistic逐步回归分析,探讨尘螨阳性的婴幼儿反复喘息发作的危险因素。结果 单因素分析显示,入院时年龄、入院前喘息时间、肺炎支原体感染率、流感病毒感染率与反复喘息发作相关联。多因素logistic逐步回归分析显示,入院时年龄较大（OR=2.21,P=0.04）、合并肺炎支原体感染（OR=3.54,P=0.001）为反复喘息发作的独立危险因素。结论 尘螨阳性的婴幼儿,特别是幼儿,若首次喘息时合并有肺炎支原体感染,则反复喘息发作的风险明显升高。     

急诊科反复喘息婴幼儿需要住院并接受呼吸支持治疗的预测因素

目的 反复喘息患者多为2岁以下的婴幼儿。在热带国家,对该人群住院期间接受呼吸支持治疗的风险的临床预测模型研究较少。该研究旨在评估就诊于哥伦比亚急诊科的反复喘息婴幼儿需要住院并接受呼吸支持治疗的临床预测因素。方法 该研究是一项回顾性队列研究,纳入了2019年1~12月期间在哥伦比亚Rionegro的两个三级中心医院就诊的所有患有2次或2次以上喘息发作的婴幼儿（年龄均小于2岁）。主要结局指标是住院加呼吸支持治疗。采用多因素logistic回归模型确定需要住院并接受呼吸支持治疗的独立预测因素。结果 共85名婴幼儿住院并接受呼吸支持治疗,其中34名（40%）予以高流量鼻导管吸氧,2名（2%）予以无创通气,6名（7%）予以机械通气,43名（51%）予以常规氧疗。多因素logistic回归模型分析显示,早产（OR=1.79,95% CI：1.04~3.10）、喂养困难（OR=2.22,95% CI：1.25~3.94）、鼻煽和/或咕噜声（OR=4.27,95% CI：2.41~7.56）和既往有1次以上喘息发作需要住院治疗（OR=3.36,95% CI：1.86~7.08）是需要住院并接受呼吸支持治疗的预测因素。该模型特异度高（99.6%）,鉴别度中等,曲线下面积为0.70（95% CI：0.60~0.74）。结论 该研究表明,早产、喂养困难、鼻煽和/或呼噜声,以及有1次以上需要住院治疗的喘息发作史,是急诊科就诊的反复喘息婴幼儿需要住院并接受呼吸支持治疗的独立预测因素。然而,还需收集更多的其他热带国家的证据来验证这个结论。     

Recurrent wheezing in very preterm infants.

AIMS: To document the prevalence of, and identify risk factors for, recurrent wheezing treated with bronchodilators in the first year of life. METHODS: Parental history and neonatal data were collected prospectively in a regional cohort of very preterm infants (< 33 weeks). Data on maternal smoking, siblings at home, breast feeding, respiratory symptoms, and hospital re-admissions were documented at 12 months. RESULTS: Outcome data were available for 525/560 (95%) of survivors. The incidence of recurrent wheeze was 76/525 (14.5%) in very preterm infants and 20/657 (3%) in a cohort of term newborns. Significant risk factors for recurrent wheeze in very preterm infants were parental history of asthma, maternal smoking, siblings at home, neonatal oxygen supplementation at 28 days, 36, and 40 weeks of gestation. CONCLUSIONS: Wheezing respiratory illnesses are common in very preterm infants. The factors involved are similar to those in more mature infants, with the addition of immaturity and neonatal lung injury.     

婴幼儿反复或持续喘息病因谱分析及诊断程序探讨

目的 分析婴幼儿反复或持续喘息的病因分布,并探讨病因诊断程序.方法 对临床以持续喘息≥4周或反复喘息≥3次、年龄≤3岁的185例住院患儿进行病史询间和查体,并进行肺功能、X线胸片、胸部CT或气管三维重建、纤维支气管镜、24 h食管pH值监测等检查,结合治疗效果,最后确定病因诊断.结果 婴幼儿反复或持续喘息病因比例依次为:支气管哮喘123例次(62.12%),气管支气管软化症22例次(11.11%),气管支气管狭窄18例次(9.09%),吸入因素10例次(5.05%,其中异物5例、胃食管反流2例、腭裂2例、气管食管瘘1例),支气管肺发育不良5例次(2.53%),闭塞性毛细支气管炎4例次(2.02%),支气管淋巴结结核4例次(2.02%),先天性心脏病4例次(2.02%),其他病因7例次(3.54%).单一病因171例(92.4%),复合病因14例(7.6%).结论 支气管哮喘是婴幼儿出现反复或持续喘息的首要病因,支气管淋巴结结核、闭塞性毛细支气管炎等与感染相关的喘息性疾病亦不容忽视,6个月以内婴儿最多见的病因为先天性气道发育异常;反复或持续喘息、对常规治疗无效或不敏感者,应作纤维支气管镜、胸部CT三维重建检查,以排除其他原因所致喘息;应根据病因分布和临床特征,制定婴幼儿反复或持续喘息病因诊断程序.