咽异感症与精神焦虑及抑郁症状相关性研究

目的探讨咽异感症患者发病与精神焦虑和抑郁症状的相关性,分析咽异感症男、女患者之间量表评分差异以及不同病程患者间量表评分的差异。方法选择50例咽异感症患者为研究组,健康体检者40例为对照组。分别用焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA）、抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale,SDS）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（Hamilton depression scale,HAMD）进行症状量化评分检查,将两组量表得分进行比较。按性别以及患病时间进行分组,组间量表得分进行比较。结果 研究组量表评分均高于对照组,研究组SAS总分、HAMA平均秩次、SDS总分、HAMD平均秩次分别为47.5±12.7、65.28、48.2±9.5、58.09;对照组相应量表评分分别为31.6±4.6、20.78、32.7±4.6、29.76,差异均具有显著性（P均〈0.05）。不同性别咽异感症之间量表评分差异无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。按患病时间不同分组,病程5年以下组与病程5～10年组、病程10年以上组SAS、HAMA、SDS、HAMD总分差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。结论咽异感症患者中精神焦虑及抑郁症状发生率较健康者高,应重视患者的心理情况,尤其是病程较久的患者中精神焦虑及抑郁症状发生更严重;咽异感症患者焦虑、抑郁症状评分结果 与性别无关。     

心理干预对肉毒杆菌毒素治疗眼睑-面肌痉挛的影响

目的 探讨心理干预对用肉毒杆菌毒素治疗眼睑-面肌痉挛的效果。方法 将56例用肉毒杆菌毒素治疗的眼睑-面肌痉挛患者随机分为实验组（30例）和对照组（26例）,对照组行常规护理,实验组除常规护理外积极进行心理干预。应用抑郁状态量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）在心理干预前后评分,比较两组患者的睡眠质量改善情况和SDS、SAS评分变化。结果 实验组患者睡眠质量明显改善,与对照组比较有统计学差异。两组治疗前后SDS和SAS评分均有统计学差异,实验组差异更为明显。结论 心理干预可以明显提高接受肉毒杆菌毒素治疗的眼睑-面肌痉挛患者的生活质量。     

A study of the predispositions of vertiginous patients--psychological states and courses of vertigo and equilibrium disorders

A questionnaire was mailed to 120 vertiginous patients who had taken either the CMI or the Y-G psychological test over one year ago. Of the 120 patients, 106 answered the questionnaire. They were classified into two groups of emotional instability, group A and group B, according to the results of the test. The subjective improvement rate of group A was 71.9 percent, worse than that of group B. This shows that the patients in group A displayed a tendency to continuously being receive stronger treatment than those in group B. The subjective improvement rate of group B was 90.5 percent, and better than that of group A. But the patients in group B showed no tendency toward vertigo attacks that were milder than those of the patients in group A. Therefore the patients in group B were satisfied by the decrease of the frequency of vertigo attacks. The results suggest that it is highly important to consider the psychological aspects of the patients in group A.     

Otolith Dysfunction During Vertiginous Attacks in Ménière's Disease

Objective—Vertiginous attacks of Ménière's disease (MD) are characterized by various types of vertigo, namely rotatory vertigo, dizziness and drop attack. When a patient complains of dizziness without spontaneous nystagmus, otolith dysfunction cannot be ruled out. The purpose of this study was to evaluate otolith dysfunction during vertiginous attacks of MD or delayed endolymphatic hydrops.

Material and Methods—Vestibular function tests were carried out daily for several days in 11 patients (MD, n = 9; delayed endolymphatic hydrops, n = 2) during vertiginous attacks. Otolith function was evaluated by means of the static torsional position of both eyes [static ocular torsion (OT)] whilst in an upright position. We defined otolith dysfunction as an abnormal change (range) in OT without spontaneous nystagmus or as an abnormal change in OT without a change in spontaneous nystagmus.

Results—Four patients had an abnormal change (range) in OT without spontaneous nystagmus or an abnormal change in OT without a change in spontaneous nystagmus during vertiginous attacks of MD.

Conclusions—Otolith dysfunction occurs in patients during vertiginous attacks of MD. In cases of ataxia without spontaneous nystagmus, otolith dysfunction most likely causes atypical attacks of MD.     

鼻中隔偏曲及慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者的精神心理状态调查

目的 初步调查鼻中隔偏曲(DNS)、慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉(CRSwNP)患者的精神心理状况,观察其手术前后的心理变化。 方法 利用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估44例CRSwNP、41例DNS、31例声带息肉患者(对照组)手术前后焦虑、抑郁症状。另取39例健康者作健康对照。 结果 术前各组的SAS和SDS评分依次为:健康组(36.74±10.39; 38.51±11.30)、对照组(38.52±10.99; 42.26±10.42)、CRSwNP组(42.00±13.54; 43.84±15.44)、DNS组(45.02±10.80; 48.32±11.21)。健康组、对照组与DNS组之间的SAS和SDS评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。CRSwNP组和DNS组的术前、术后的SAS和SDS评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。约1/3的DNS组和CRSwNP组的患者术后仍出现焦虑或抑郁症状。 结论 DNS、CRSwNP患者存在一定的焦虑、抑郁症状,术后其评分较术前改善,但约1/3的患者术后仍有焦虑、抑郁症状,必要时应给予心理干预。     

Otolith dysfunction during vertiginous attacks in Ménière's disease

OBJECTIVE: Vertiginous attacks of Ménière's disease (MD) are characterized by various types of vertigo, namely rotatory vertigo, dizziness and drop attack. When a patient complains of dizziness without spontaneous nystagmus, otolith dysfunction cannot be ruled out. The purpose of this study was to evaluate otolith dysfunction during vertiginous attacks of MD or delayed endolymphatic hydrops. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Vestibular function tests were carried out daily for several days in 11 patients (MD, n = 9; delayed endolymphatic hydrops, n = 2) during vertiginous attacks. Otolith function was evaluated by means of the static torsional position of both eyes [static ocular torsion (OT)] whilst in an upright position. We defined otolith dysfunction as an abnormal change (range) in OT without spontaneous nystagmus or as an abnormal change in OT without a change in spontaneous nystagmus. RESULTS: Four patients had an abnormal change (range) in OT without spontaneous nystagmus or an abnormal change in OT without a change in spontaneous nystagmus during vertiginous attacks of MD. CONCLUSIONS: Otolith dysfunction occurs in patients during vertiginous attacks of MD. In cases of ataxia without spontaneous nystagmus, otolith dysfunction most likely causes atypical attacks of MD.     

Personality and psychopathology in Ménière's disease

Introduction and ObjectivesPsychological factors in vertigo patients have been extensively studied but the role of anxiety and personality traits in the clinical course of Ménière's disease (MD) is unknown. The objectives of this study are to identify and characterize psychopathology in MD and to find risk factors for an increased rate and intensity of crisis and chronic symptoms.Materials and MethodsWe performed a transversal study in all patients diagnosed with definite MD in our department during a 5-year period. Sample subjects were interviewed in 3 steps: first, an otorhinolaryngologist collected information about clinical and pharmacological background of MD; second, a psychiatrist screened for mood, anxiety and personality disorders; in a third stage, the patient completed the DHI (Dizziness Handicap Inventory), STAI-Y (State Trait Anxiety Inventory), NEO-PI-R (Neo Personality Inventory Reviewed) and VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) for vertigo and dizziness. Statistical analysis was performed to search for risk factors for multiple and intense crisis and chronic symptoms.ResultsThirty-four patients completed all 3 phases of the study. A predominant dysfunctional personality trait was identified in 80% of patients (predominantly cluster C type), 35% were being treated with psychiatric medication and 34.4% had a considerable mood or anxiety disorder. All patients scored high (>7) in VAS during crisis. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between crisis rate and STAI, anxiety-subscale (N1) in NEO-PI-R, VAS and DHI scores (p<.044). Crises were more common in bilateral MD (p=.041). DHI scores were higher with higher STAI and N1 (p=.001). Disease duration and pure tone average were found to have a positive moderate correlation (p=.017).ConclusionsThe positive correlations between crisis rate, chronic dizziness and anxiety-related personality traits reveal a bidirectional and intimate relationship between personality, anxiety and MD, affecting these patients’ quality of life. These results support the relevance of prospecting adjuvant psychological and psychiatric approaches to these patients.     

鼻颅底肿瘤患者内镜手术后心理学变化的分析

目的 分析鼻颅底肿瘤患者在内镜手术前后的心理变化.方法 对62例鼻颅底肿瘤患者采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、攻击问卷(AQ)以及"空鼻综合征"症状问卷(ENS6Q),评估其在手术前、术后3个月及术后1年的心理状态变化.结果 患者术前SAS评分(42.29±9.24)高于国内常模,术后3个月和术后1...     

伴有心血管代谢疾病的眩晕患者的疗效影响因素

目的 探讨伴有心血管代谢性疾病的眩晕/头晕患者的临床特征和近期结局影响因素.方法 本研究纳入了2018年10月至2020年1月之间连续就诊于武汉同济医院眩晕专科门诊的伴有心血管代谢性疾病的眩晕/头晕患者.随访时获得的患者眩晕/头晕症状视觉模拟量表(Visual analogue scale,VAS)评分作为结局指标并按...     

Patients with vertigo/dizziness of unknown origin during follow-ups by general otolaryngologists at outpatient town clinic

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to access the contribution of vertigo/dizziness-related patients’ interview and examinations during short-term hospitalization in determining the accurate final diagnosis of vertigo/dizziness of unknown origin.MethodsWe reviewed 1905 successive vertigo/dizziness patients at the Vertigo/Dizziness Center of Nara Medical University, who were introduced from general otolaryngologists at outpatient town clinic from May 2014 to April 2020. However, 244 patients were diagnosed with vertigo/dizziness of unknown origin (244/1905; 12.8%). Of these patients, 240 were hospitalized and underwent various examinations, including caloric test (C-test), video head impulse test (vHIT), vestibular evoked cervical myogenic potentials (cVEMP), subjective visual vertical (SVV), inner ear magnetic resonance imaging (ieMRI), Schellong test (S-test), and self-rating questionnaires of depression score (SDS).ResultsAccording to the examination data, together with interviewed vertigo/dizziness characteristics and daily changeable nystagmus findings, the final diagnoses were as follows: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV: 107/240; 44.6%), orthostatic dysregulation (OD: 56/240; 23.3%), vestibular peripheral disease (VPD: 25/240; 10.4%), vestibular migraine (VM: 14/240; 5.8%), Meniere's disease (MD: 12/240; 5.0%), gravity perception disturbance (GPD: 10/240; 4.2%), psychogenic vertigo (Psycho: 10/240; 4.2%), and unknown (Unknown: 6/240; 2.5%). Supporting factors of final diagnosis was seen in gender, evoked dizziness, and positional nystagmus as BPPV; in evoked dizziness, S-test, and hypertension as OD; in evoked dizziness, head shaking after nystagmus, C-test, and vHIT as VPD; in gender, headache, and S-test as VM; in ear fullness and ieMRI as MD; in gender, evoked dizziness, and SVV as GPD; and in SDS as Psycho. To sum up, the ratios of Unknown were significantly reduced by this short-term hospitalization (244/1905→6/240).ConclusionsThe answer lists for vertigo/dizziness of unknown origin obtained in the present study may be helpful for future general otolaryngologists at outpatient town clinic to better attain an accurate final diagnosis.     

A study of factors influencing intensity and annoyance in vertigo or dizziness

For 74 men and 123 women averaging 52.5 years of age with vertigo and dizziness, we recorded the age, gender, vertigo type, duration of illness, concomitant symptoms, and vestibular and psychological test results and used a 100 mm horizontal visual analog scale (VAS) to quantitatively assess sensation intensity and annoyance in vertigo or dizziness. Factors influencing these 2 quantitative assessment parameters were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression analysis. Factors influencing sensation intensity were nausea or vomiting as a concomitant symptom, duration of vertigo or dizziness (within a day), and first episode onset. Intensity of sensation to vertigo or dizziness, self-rating depression score (SDS), and gender (female) were selected as significantly influencing annoyance. These results suggest that rational care of significant factors that involve the intensity and annoyance in vertigo is essential to treating patients with vertigo or dizziness.     

Triple semicircular canal plugging: a novel modality for the treatment of intractable Meniere’s disease

Conclusions: TSCP, which can reduce vertiginous symptoms in patients with intractable MD, represents an effective therapy for this disorder.

Objective: To explore the long-term efficacy of triple semicircular canal plugging (TSCP) in the treatment of intractable Meniere’s disease (MD).

Methods: Seventy-nine patients diagnosed with unilateral MD referred to a vertigo clinic of the hospital between December 2010 and December 2013 were included in this study for retrospective analysis. TSCP was performed in the affected ear for each patient. Vertigo control and auditory function were measured. Pure tone audiometry, caloric test, and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) were performed in 2-year follow-up. Thirty-six MD patients, who accepted endolymphatic sac decompression (ESD) operation were selected as a comparison group.

Results: The total control rate of vertigo in the TSCP group was 98.7% in the 2-year follow-up, with a complete control rate of 81.0% and substantial control rate of 17.7%. The rate of hearing preservation was 70.9%. The total control rate of vertigo in the ESD operation group was 72.2%. The vertigo control rate of TSCP was significantly higher than that of ESD operation. Twenty-four months after treatment, canal paresis was found in the operation side of all patients of TSCP by means of caloric test.     

Posterior fossa metastasis in lung cancer patients with vertigo

This study investigated whether vertiginous attacks indicate a high probability for posterior fossa metastasis in lung cancer patients. Twenty-five lung cancer patients having vertiginous episodes were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent a battery of audiovestibular function testing and MR imaging study. Ten (40%) of 25 lung cancer patients with vertigo were proven to have posterior fossa metastasis (PM1 group), while the other 15 patients had no posterior fossa metastasis (PM0 group). Of the PM1 group, all were adenocarcinoma with the women predominant (80%). Seven (70%) and two (13%) patients of PM1 and PM0 groups had other (bone, liver) systemic metastases before the vertigo episodes, respectively, exhibiting significant difference between them. However, no statistical differences existed in the audiovestibular function testing between the two groups. In contrast with 58% of PM0 group, none of the patients in PM1 group survived for >3 years after the vertiginous attacks. The mean interval from vertiginous episode to death was 16 months (range 5–27). In conclusion, vertiginous attack in a lung cancer patient having other systemic metastases indicates a high probability of posterior fossa metastasis.     

Migraine-related vertigo: diagnostic criteria and prophylactic treatment

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: The objective of this prospective, observational study was to evaluate the efficacy of migraine pharmacologic prophylaxis on a group of vertiginous patients considered affected by migraine-related vertigo on the basis of precise criteria of inclusion. METHODS: Fifty-three patients affected by migraine-related vertigo were selected from a cohort of 652 vertiginous patients referred to our Dizziness Unit from March 2001 to June 2005. Inclusion criteria were at least five vertigo attacks occurred in any period of time or dizziness and/or positional vertigo for at least 6 months; migraine, past or present, and/or a family history of migraine and/or motion intolerance; and exclusion of other causes. Patients were submitted to migraine pharmacologic prophylaxis selected on the basis of the characteristics of the patients and of the drug side effects. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated after 6 months by questionnaire divided into five outcome categories (resolution, substantial control, moderate control, minimal control, no improvement or worsening) and, for the patients with recurrent vertiginous attacks, also reporting the percentage reduction of the attack frequency. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients completed the study and were submitted to analysis of the results: 10 reported complete resolution of symptoms, 15 substantial control, 7 moderate control, one minimum control and 3 no improvement. Thirty-three of them had recurrent vertigo: 19 reported complete disappearance of the attacks, 8 reduction of the frequency >50%, 5 reduction <50%, and one no reduction. CONCLUSIONS: Migraine prophylactic treatment shows encouraging results in patients with migraine-related vertigo selected with our criteria of inclusion: 69.3% reported satisfactory control of symptoms (sum of complete resolutions and substantial controls) and 81.8% had at least a 50% reduction of the vertiginous episodes frequency.     

A possible mechanism of the formation of endolymphatic hydrops and its associated inner ear disorders

The pathology of Meniere’s disease (MD) is well established to be endolymphatic hydrops. However, the mechanism underlying deafness and vertigo of MD or idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops is still unknown. In order to evaluate the pathogenesis of deafness and vertigo in MD, it seems to be rational to investigate the interrelationship between hydrops and inner ear disorders using animals with experimentally-induced endolymphatic hydrops. In spite of intense efforts by many researchers, the mechanism of vertiginous attack has been unexplained, because animals with experimental hydrops usually did not show vertiginous attack.Recently, there are two reports to succeed to evoke vertiginous attack in animals with experimental hydrops. In the present paper were first surveyed past proposals about underlying mechanism of the development of hydrops and inner ear disorders associated with hydrops, and were discussed the pathogenetic mechanism of vertiginous attack in hydrops. In conclusion, abrupt development of hydrops was thought to play a pivotal role in the onset of vertiginous seizure.     

综合护理模式对耳鸣耳聋患者睡眠质量和心理压力的影响观察

目的研究综合护理模式对耳鸣耳聋患者睡眠质量和心理压力的影响。方法选取2018年8月~2019年12月我院收治的120例耳鸣耳聋患者作为主要研究对象,按随机数字表法分对照组与观察组,每组60例,分别对两组患者的护理前后的睡眠质量(PSQI)、焦虑程度(SAS)以及抑郁程度(SDS)进行比较。结果护理后,两组患者的PSQI、SAS、SDS评分明显低于对照组,且观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对耳鸣耳聋的患者开展综合护理干预,能够在缓解患者心理压力的同时,改善其睡眠质量,值得在临床推广应用。     

Relationship between intensity of annoyance due to throat discomfort and psychological test results

For 87 male and 100 female patients (average age of 58.5 years) with throat discomfort, we investigated the relationship between the intensity of annoyance caused by throat discomfort and psychological distress. We asked patients to assess their throat discomfort using a 100-mm horizontal visual analogue scale (VAS) which defined the left end (0) as no annoyance and the right end (100) as overwhelming annoyance attributed to throat discomfort. The extent of their psychological distress was evaluated by 3 tests: Cornell Medical Index-Health Questionnaire (CMI), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-rating Questionnaire for Depression (SRQ-D). Our results indicate that the increase in intensity of annoyance caused by throat discomfort was significantly related to the increase in somatic symptoms (Spearman's rho = 0.164, p = 0.025), symptoms connected to autonomic nerve dysfunction (rho = 0.203, p = 0.006) as measured by CMI and neurotic condition as classified by Fukamachi's diagnostic method for CMI (p = 0.049 by Kruskal-Wallis test). The increase in intensity of annoyance caused by throat discomfort was significantly related to the increase in depressive condition as measured using SRQ-D (rho = 0.263, p < 0.001), but not to that measured using SDS (rho = 0.097, p = 0.185). The results obtained from the present study indicate that VAS is a useful tool for measuring annoyance caused by throat discomfort, yielding valuable information about the intensity of patients' somatic and psychological complaints.     

心理护理改善耳鼻咽喉恶性肿瘤患者术前焦虑情绪的临床效果观察

目的探讨心理护理在耳鼻咽喉部恶性肿瘤患者术前情绪调节的应用价值。方法随机数字表法将2019年6月至2020年11月收治的60例耳鼻咽喉恶性肿瘤患者分为2组,对照组(30例)予以常规护理,实验组(30例)加用心理护理,收集患者护理干预前后的SAS评分及SDS评分。结果护理干预前,两组患者的SAS及SDS评分相近(P>0.05);护理干预后,试验组的SAS及SDS评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论心理护理可改善此类恶性肿瘤术前患者的焦虑抑郁情绪,提高患者的治疗依从性。     

Endolymphatic duct blockage for refractory Ménière’s disease: assessment of intraoperative CSF leak on short-term surgical outcomes

Abstract

Background: Endolymphatic sac decompression has shown limited success for the treatment of Ménière’s disease (MD). We have published a novel technique with very promising results for the treatment of refractory MD: the Endolymphatic Duct Blockage (EDB) with two titanium clips. One of the challenges of this technique was an increased incidence of intraoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Leak.

Objective: To assess the effect of intraoperative CSF Leak on short-term surgical outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective comparative study in a tertiary care center (61 patients). MD patients who underwent EDB were included. Intraoperative CSF Leaks were documented. Surgical outcomes assessed were the presence of postoperative Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), aural fullness, tinnitus, vertigo spells and pure tone average (PTA), speech discrimination scores (SDS) and bone conduction thresholds (BCT). Data were collected for these visits: preoperative, 1 week, 1 and 6 months postoperatively.

Results: Outcomes for the CSF Leak group (CSF?+) (n?=?22) were compared to remaining patient (CSF–) (n?=?39). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of postoperative BPPV, aural fullness, tinnitus and vertigo spells. There was no significant difference in PTA, BCT or SDS between our groups at any visit.

Conclusions: Intraoperative CSF Leak may cause a temporary non-significant worsening of hearing in the first-month postoperatively without any difference at 6 months.     

169例急性前庭性眩晕的临床研究

目的了解各种急性前庭病(眩晕)的发病情况,重点鉴别急性单发性眩晕中的椎基底动脉供血不足导致的眩晕和偏头痛性眩晕。方法回顾分析169例各种急性前庭病(眩晕)的发病率,重点分析神经耳科学检查在急性单发性眩晕中因椎基底动脉供血不足导致的眩晕和偏头痛性眩晕的鉴别诊断中的作用。结果各种急性前庭病的发病率依次为:梅尼埃病、椎基底动脉供血不足、良性阵发性位置性眩晕、偏头痛伴眩晕、前庭神经炎、突聋伴眩晕和迟发性膜迷路积水、外淋巴漏。椎基底动脉供血不足导致的眩晕和偏头痛性眩晕在病史、神经耳科学检查方面有诸多不同。结论在临床上,椎基底动脉供血不足与偏头痛相关的急性前庭病的鉴别诊断可能是鉴别的重点。鉴别的方法目前主要依靠详细的病史、神经耳科学检查、易患因素的特点以及其它必要的辅助检查。椎基底动脉供血不足更多出现在中年以上,一般都有心-脑血管方面的异常;而偏头痛性眩晕的发病平均年龄明显早于前者,均有一项或几项下列现象:偏头痛家族史,运动敏感,声、光敏感。