肾综合征出血热患者尿液中融合细胞的检测

病毒可以诱导细胞融合，是其细胞病变效应之一。检测尿融合细胞（ＦＣ）对肾综合征出血热（ＨＦＲＳ）的早期快速诊断具有一定意义（中华传染病杂志，１９９６，１４（２）：８９）。本文介绍尿ＦＣ检测方法，井用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定患者血清中ＨＦＲＳ－ＩｇＭ抗体对ＦＣ结果进行对比评价。一、材料和方法１．材料（１）对象本院门诊ＨＦＲＳ患者１４２例，各取尿液５０～１００ｍｌ检测ＦＣ，同时取血２ｍｌ测定血清ＨＦＲＳ－ＩｇＭ抗体。２．方法（１）ＦＣ涂片染色法　取新鲜混匀尿液１０ｍｌ于离心管中，离心２０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ、１０ｍ…     

慢性乙肝患者PBMC的增殖反应,NK细胞活性及血清中TNF …

目的：了解ＨＢＶ感染后细胞免疫及ＴＮＦ－α，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ在其中所起作用，探讨慢性乙肝患者的细胞免疫状态，方法：对７６例慢性乙肝患者及２７例健康献血员，以＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法检测ＰＢＭＣ对不同抗原的增殖反应和ＮＫ细胞活性及应用ＥＬＩＳＡ方法测定血清中ＴＮＦ－α，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ结果：慢性乙肝患者ＰＢＭＣ对ＨＢｓＡｇ增殖反应阳性者，ＰＨＡ的增殖指数明显高于ＨＢｓＡｇ增殖反应阴性者（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＮＫ细胞     

甲基硝基亚硝基胍对血管平滑肌细胞增殖的影响

以流式细胞光度术和甲基－３Ｈ胸腺嘧啶核苷（ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－３Ｈｔｈｙｍｉｄｉｎｅ，３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ）掺入的方法研究甲基硝基亚硝基胍（Ｎ－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－Ｎ＇－ｎｉｔｒｏ－Ｎ－ｎｔｒｏｓｏｇｕａｎｉｄｉｎｅ，ＭＮＮＧ）对血管平滑肌细胞周期各时相分布及ＤＮＡ合成的影响。ＭＮＮＧ处理细胞后显示，Ｓ期细胞数、细胞增殖指数（ＰＩ）和３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ按入率明显增加，２４小时后上述三项指标均达峰值。结果表明：ＭＮＮＧ可明显增强细胞的ＤＮＡ合成，显著促进细胞的分裂增殖。     

LDL受体活性检测新方法

用四甲基偶氮唑盐（ＭＴＴ）比色法测定人外周血淋巴细胞分裂抑制率，从而判断细胞膜ＬＤＬ受体活性，同时设￣３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法进行对照。共检测正常人７５例，家族性高胆固醇血症（ＦＨ）纯合子７例、杂合子１２例，人群中高血脂患者５２例。结果表明ＭＴＴ比色法可以替代￣３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法进行人群ＦＨ患者的筛检，初步确定ＦＨ患者的诊断标准为淋巴细胞分裂抑制率大于２０％，并从高血脂人群中检出了３例ＦＨ患者。     

LDL受体活性检测新方法

用四甲基偶氮唑盐（ＭＴＴ）比色法测定人外周血淋巴细胞分裂抑制率，从而判断细胞膜ＬＤＬ受体活性，同时设＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法进行对照。共检测正常人７５例，家族性高胆固醇血症（ＦＨ）纯合子７例，杂合子１２例，人群中高血脂患者５２例。结果表明ＭＴＴ比色法可以替代＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法进行人群ＦＨ患者的筛检，初步确定ＦＨ患者的诊断标准为淋巴细胞分裂抑制率大于２０％，并从高血脂人群中检出了３例ＦＨ患者。     

肾细胞DNA合成刺激因子治疗肾综合征出血热临床观察

近年来 ,经动物实验和细胞培养及以部分肾切除后证实 ,肾综合征出血热 (ＨＦＲＳ)患者血清中能检测出一种促肾细胞生长因子[1] ,命名为肾生长因子 (Ｒｅ ｎａｌＧｒｏｗｔｈＦａｃｔｏｒ,ＲＧＦ)。由于ＨＦＲＳ在本省发病率逐渐增高 ,且因急性肾衰死亡者较多 ,为了寻找一种能促进肾细胞生长 ,恢复肾功能的药物 ,作者按照文献[2 ] 方法从人胚肾和乳猪肾中粗提出了一种有生物活性的物质即肾细胞ＤＮＡ合成刺激因子 (ＲＤＳＳＦ) ,并于 1994～ 1996年采用该物质治疗ＨＦＲＳ患者 4 5例 ,结果如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　ＨＦＲＳ 70例分别…     

中期荧光原位杂交在急性早幼粒细胞白血病诊断和微小残？…

为研究中期荧光原位杂交（Ｍ－ＦＩＳＨ）在急性早幼粒细胞白血病（ＡＰＬ）诊断及其微小残留病（ＭＲＤ）检测中的价值，应用１７号全染色体彩涂探针对１０例初诊时按细胞形态学诊断为急性髓细胞白血病（ＡＭＬ）的未治疗患（初治ＡＰＬ５例，复发ＡＰＬ３例，ＡＭＬ－Ｍ１和ＡＭＬ－Ｍ５各１例）和１０例治疗后获完全缓解（ＣＲ）的ＡＰＬ患作耻Ｍ－ＦＩＳＨ检测，并与常规细胞遗传学和逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）结     

炎症因子对人肾小球系膜细胞生长的影响及大黄素的抑…

本实验在体外观察了白介素－６（ＩＬ－６），肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）及细菌脂多糖（ＬＰＳ）对人坚小球系膜细胞（ｈＭＣ）生长及ＩＬ－６产生的影响同时观察了大黄素血清及大黄素的作用。发现ＩＬ－６，ＴＮＦ，ＬＰＳ均可刺激ｈＭＣ＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入（掺入率分别为对照的１８８％，１４０％，１３３％），以ＩＬ－６的刺激作用最强。ＬＰＳ，ＴＮＦ可以刺激ｈＭＣＩＬ－６的产生，提示炎症因子对系膜细胞生长的促进作用是有双重     

成年麻疹患者出疹期PBMC的增殖反应,NK细胞活性及血？…

目的：了解成年麻疹患者出疹期细胞免疫状态。方法：本实验利用＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入和ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定７３例成年麻疹出疹期及４０例正常人ＰＢＭＣ对ＰＨＡ的ＳＩ及ＮＫ细胞活性和血清中ＴＮＦ－α、ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ水平。结果：成年麻疹出疹期ＰＢＭＣ对ＰＨＡ的ＳＩ及ＮＫ细胞活性明显低于对照组,血甭中ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显高于对照组。结论：成年麻疹患者出疹期细胞介导的免疫应答明显受到抑制,说明细胞免疫在麻疹病毒感染的发病     

两种血清型HFRS患者病程中及病后4种特异性抗体测定分析

为评价汉滩及汉城型肾综合征出血热患者免疫状况，用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了５４例病程中，４７例病后１－６年ＨＦＲＳ患者（汉滩２４例，汉城２３例）血清中特异性ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＥ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ抗体。在病后血清中检出率及抗体滴度几何均数（ＧＭＴ）依次为ＨＦＲＳ－ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＥ、ＩｇＭ，各本间差异显著（Ｐ〈０．００５），其中ＨＦＲＳ－ＩｇＧ抗体水平在病后第４年仍达１：１００以上（ＧＭＴ值）；ＨＦＲＳ－ＩｇＡ     

The function, composition, and particle size of high-density lipoprotein were severely impaired in an oliguric phase of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome patients

BACKGROUND: Patients suffering from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) often showed strikingly reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels during the oliguric phase, indicating severe alterations in lipoprotein metabolism. OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in the functions and composition of HDL, lipoprotein metabolism parameters were analyzed in the sera of HFRS patients in the oliguric phase and after recovery. METHODS: The serum cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and lipoprotein/apolipoprotein profiles of HFRS patients in the oliguric and recovery phases were compared with those of normal reference sera. The activities of HDL-associated enzymes, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), and paraoxonase (PON) were also assessed. RESULTS: In the oliguric phase, serum cholesterol was substantially decreased and serum TG was increased. As observed by electron microscopy, the sizes of the HDL particles from the HFRS patients were smaller than those seen in the reference sera, with more heterogeneous distribution. Serum amyloid A (SAA) and apolipoprotein (apo) C-III were overexpressed in the oliguric phase, particularly in the HDL fraction. However, in immunodetection, the levels of apoA-I in the HDL(2) and HDL(3) of the HFRS patients were lower than those of the reference HDL. Serum LCAT and PON activities were reduced significantly in the oliguric phase, which is associated with a reduction in HDL-cholesterol levels and HDL particle size. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of both apoC-III and apoSAA in HDL and attenuated serum LCAT and PON activity were observed during the oliguric phase in HFRS patients. These results demonstrate that structural, functional, and compositional changes of HDL occurred to a substantial degree in the oliguric phase.     

The mechanisms of the development of tissue hypoxia and the criteria for its assessment in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]

Comparison of the parameters that characterize the activity of the sympathoadrenal system (urine adrenalin and noradrenalin) and the severity of hypoxia (lactic acid in blood and urine, pyruvic acid in blood and urine, lactate/pyruvate) in patients suffering from hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (HFRS) showed them to be significantly and directly correlated. The time-course of changes in the study parameters mirrors the gravity of the pathological process. The authors hold that the sympathoadrenal system plays the leading role in the development of different types of tissue hypoxia in HFRS patients.     

The post-transfusional toxoplasmosis (author's transl)

The sera of 85 patients suffering from Cooley anemia, 100 normal children of the same group of age, and 550 blood donors have been tested for the presence of anti-toxoplasma antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence test. The sera of 10 thalassemic patients gave positive reactions at a dilution reaging from 1/64 to 1/2048; in 2 sera a positive reaction was obtained with specific anti-IgM antibodies, indicating an active infection. In the control group, only 2 positive sera have been found. In donors group, instead, 5 sera were positive, and in 2 cases IgM antibodies were detectable. The analysis of data confirms, although indirectly, that heavily transfused patients are at a particular risk to acquire the infection from Toxoplasma Gondii.     

亲属肾移植中供者年龄对移植肾功能的影响

目的 研究接受亲属高龄供肾者肾移植的患者近期移植肾功能状态,探讨高龄供肾者是否可保证移植肾的长期存活.方法选择接受父母供肾的肾移植患者86例,于近期观测肾功能指标.供者43~64岁,受者19~40岁.肾功能指标由血肌酐和尿素氮确定,由检验科提供.结果 86例肾移植患者中42例患者肾功能正常,其中24例患者接受的供者年龄大于或等于55岁,18例患者接受的供者年龄小于55岁.44例患者肾功能不正常,其中34例患者接受的供者年龄大于或等于55岁,10例患者接受的供者年龄小于55岁.接受供者年龄大于或等于55岁的患者与小于55岁的患者肾功能比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 高龄供肾者不适宜作为肾移植的最佳供者,但亲属移植的患者移植肾功能下降后仍可维持较长时间肾功能.     

Lymphocytotoxins in sera from highly sensitized multiparous dialysis patients: antibody class, relationship with the HLA and with paternal antigens.

1. Sera from 11 highly sensitized multiparous dialysis patients were studied in order to define the target antigens, antibody class and relationship with paternal HLA class I antigens of the underlying lymphocytotoxic antibodies. All sera contained lymphocytotoxic antibodies to over 70% of a panel of lymphocytes from 24 donors (panel reactivity greater than 70%). 2. Inhibition of cytotoxic activity against paternal lymphocytes by monoclonal antibodies to HLA framework determinants indicated that all 11 sera contained lymphocytotoxic antibodies to paternal class I antigens. In addition, five sera contained lymphocytotoxic antibodies to paternal class II antigens. 3. In order to determine the extent to which lymphocytotoxic antibodies were directed to paternal antigens, the panel reactivity of sera was compared before and after absorption with paternal peripheral blood lymphocytes. Over 50% of panel reactivity was absorbed from eight out of 11 sera, and in three of these 11 over 80% was absorbed. In the majority of patients this change in panel reactivity could be ascribed to binding of lymphocytotoxic antibodies to specific paternal class I antigens. 4. Digestion of sera with dithiothreitol had no significant effect on panel reactivity, indicating that the lymphocytotoxic antibodies were of immunoglobulin G class. 5. No sera reacted with either autologous lymphocytes or K562 cells, indicating an absence of autoantibodies. 6. These studies imply that panel-reactive lymphocytotoxic antibodies in the sera of highly sensitized multiparous patients are those which mediate hyperacute renal allograft rejection. Their development may be related to secondary humoral responses to antigens in blood transfusions from donors who share paternal class I specificities.     

Autoantibodies in the sera of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected individuals with or without clinical Chagas disease

Variations in the levels and the specificities of autoantibodies directed against a panel of antigens (cytoskeleton proteins, DNA, laminin) were analyzed in the sera from two groups of humans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. One group was constituted of apparently healthy blood donors (BD) and the other of patients with clinically confirmed Chagas disease (CCH). In both infected groups, a high proportion but not all sera exhibited dramatic enhancement of IgM and IgG autoantibodies directed against all antigens tested. Sera positive for IgG autoantibodies were generally found more frequently in the CCH than in the BD group, except for anti-actin antibodies more often present in BD sera. Anti-laminin IgG antibodies were present in a similar number of individuals in both groups. Although the titers of anti-laminin IgG antibodies were in general higher in CCH, their dissociation constants were in the same range (7 × 10^?8–10^?7M) in both groups. IgG autoantibodies were demonstrated to be polyreactive with laminin and other self antigens as well. Circulating immune complexes were present in sera from both groups and the activity of the antibodies dissociated from these complexes was directed against all the antigens of the panel. Although the IgE concentration was significantly enhanced in several subjects from both groups, the incidence of positive sera was higher in the CCH (60%) than in the BD (39%) group. Our results demonstrate that autoantibodies with the characteristics of natural autoantibodies are found in both T. cruzi-infected apparently healthy individuals and patients. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Effects of sodium ethamsylate on anticoagulant and anti-aggregation activity of vascular endothelium in hemorrhagic fever patients with renal syndrome]

AIM: To elucidate effects of sodium ethamsylate (SE) on anticoagulant and antiaggregation activity of vascular endothelium in patients suffering from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A trial of SE enrolled 70 HFRS patients (58 males, 12 females aged under 30 years) compatible by the disease severity. They were divided into two groups. 42 patients of the control group received standard therapy, 28 patients of the study group received adjuvant 12% solution of SE in daily dose 1500-2000 mg in the course of HFRS oliguria period. Hemostatic parameters were measured before and after the cuff test to investigate the condition of vascular wall with calculation of the athrombogenicity index (the ratio of the relevant indices before and after the cuff test). SE effects on vascular endothelium was assessed by a blind method. RESULTS: In oliguria, both groups had baseline antiaggregation indices significantly higher than in the control. After the cuff test, control patients' indices tended to an increase while in the study group there was a marked decrease. The trend in anticoagulant activity of microvascular endothelium did not differ much with the groups. This picture persisted also in polyuria. In convalescence hemostasis was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: SE enhances antiaggregant activity of vascular endothelium in oliguria period of HFRS without affecting its anticoagulant properties. This is explained by a direct effect of SE on vascular endothelium.     

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Pomurje region of Slovenia – An 18-year survey

OBJECTIVE: To determine the etiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the north-eastern part of Slovenia (Pomurje region) together with demographic, epidemiological and clinical data on 25 patients from this region who were diagnosed and treated at the General Hospital in Murska Sobota between 1986 and 2003. METHODS: Medical records of patients with a discharge diagnosis of HFRS who were either hospitalized or referred to an infectiologist as outpatients were included in this retrospective study. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters were collected from the patients' records. In addition, all available follow-up records were examined and information on general health, blood pressure, basic blood and biochemical examination and urine analysis was collected. RESULTS: Infection with Puumala virus (PUUV) was indicated in 23 patients and Dobrava virus (DOBV) infection in two patients. The median age of patients was 39 years; 19 were male. The patients primarily had outdoor occupations. Most of the HFRS cases occurred between May and August. The most common findings were fever, vomiting, headache, myalgia, chills, cough, back and abdominal pain, and blurred vision. The most prominent laboratory abnormalities were elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein concentration, thrombocytopenia, and leucocytosis with neutrophilia. The signs of renal dysfunction were observed in 24 of the 25 patients. Oliguric renal failure was seen in 13 of 23 (57%) PUUV-infected patients. Six of 23 (26%) patients infected with PUUV and one of two (50%) patients from the DOBV group had hypotension or developed signs of shock. Seven out of 15 (47%) patients had elevated protein concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Sinus bradycardia was documented in 7 of 17 (41%) patients with PUUV infection. CONCLUSIONS: HFRS is endemic in the north-eastern part of Slovenia; PUUV and DOBV infections coexist, with PUUV being the main causative agent of HFRS. Demographic, clinical and laboratory findings in our patients with HFRS caused by PUUV were mostly in accordance with those published previously, but the ratio of patients with sinus bradycardia, oliguric renal failure and mildly elevated CSF protein concentration was rather high.     

Pulmonary edema in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]

Eight patients suffering from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) running a severe course complicated by pulmonary edema developed absolute hyperhistaminemia and hyperserotoninemia, histamine and serotonin accumulation in tissues. These amines inactivation in blood and lungs and excretion of catecholamines with urine got disturbed. High blood and lung tissue levels of biologically active substances resultant in enhanced permeability of the vascular wall and alveolar epithelium, hemodynamic disturbances due to hypoexcretory hypercatecholaminemia are thought to underlie the occurrence of this grave HFRS complication.