血清超敏C反应蛋白与心血管危险因素的关系

目的：探讨血清超敏C反应蛋白（hs—CRP）与心血管危险因素的关系。方法：对,388例健康成人（男223例,女165例,年龄47～53岁）的身高、体重、血压、心电图、血糖、血脂及血清hs～CRP等进行测定。结果：由低至高的血清hs—CRP四等分组（〈2．1mg／L,2．1～5．0mg／L,5．1～8．0mg／L,〉8．0mg／L）的心血管危险因素体重指数、血压、空腹血糖、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL—C）组间差异非常显著（F=7．63～22．46,P均〈0．001）,总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL—c）的组间差异有显著性（F=2．89～8．88,P分别为0．031,0．022,0．015）,四组心血管危险因素聚集检出率分别为32．3％,48．9％,58．0％,79．4％．差异有显著性（x^2=28．12,P〈0．001）。结论：血清hs—CRP与心血管危险因素（体重指数、血压、血糖和血脂）有关。     

老年代谢综合征患者脉搏波速度与心血管危险因素的相关分析

目的 探讨老年代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome，MS）患者脉搏波速度（pulse wave velocity，PWV）与心血管危险因素的相关性。方法 对93例老年MS患者和118例体检正常老年人进行PWV检测，并检测血压、腹部脂肪比率、血糖、血脂等生化指标。结果 MS组动脉弹性指标PWV平均值为（13．82±2．46）m／s，显著高于对照组（11．41±1．87）m／s（P〈0．05）；MS组中收缩压、脉压、体质量指数、血糖、三酰甘油、腹部脂肪比率均较对照组明显增加（P〈0．05）；2组中舒张压、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 PWV与心血管危险因素收缩压、脉压、体质量指数、血糖、三酰甘油、腹部脂肪比率呈独立正相关，对MS高危人群发生心血管事件的预测有一定价值。     

正常高值血压与尿微量白蛋白的关系

目的探讨尿微量白蛋白含量与血压水平的相关性。方法根据《2004年中国高血压防治指南》选择正常高值血压者（≥120／80mmHg）109例及正常血压者（〈120／80m／nHg）49例，测量血压，计算体重指数（BMI），测定空腹血糖（VBS）、血清总胆固醇（CHO）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）、尿微量白蛋白（EusA法）等，并做比较。结果正常高值血压组与正常血压组相比，尿微量白蛋白含量升高[（3．08±1．58）mg／L比（3．86±1．7）mg／L，P〈0．01]，CHO、TG、HDL—C和LDL—C两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。Spearman相关分析显示，尿微量白蛋白与血压、血糖呈正相关，相关系数收缩压r=0．177，P〈0．05；舒张压r=0．252，P=0．001；空腹血糖r=0．279，P〈0．01。校正年龄、性别、血脂、体重指数偏相关分析表明，尿微量白蛋白含量与血压、血糖水平仍呈正相关，相关系数收缩压r=0．156，P=0．055；舒张压r=0．233，P〈0．05；空腹血糖r=0．251，P〈0．05。结论①正常高值血压组尿微量自蛋白水平较高，血糖、体重指数有异常变化，但血脂无异常变化。②尿微量白蛋白发生与舒张压、血糖关系更密切。     

太原地区3883名体检者心血管疾病危险因素分析

目的 分析太原地区3 883名体检者心血管疾病危险因素,探讨心血管危险因素分布的特征和规律,并评价各种肥胖指标预测心血管危险因素的价值.方法 2005年-2006年太原市区两个社区自然人群体检对象中资料完整的成人3 883名.调查以健康体检形式进行,测量身高、体重、腰围、臀围和血压,计算体重指数(BMI)和腰臀围比值.空腹抽取静脉血,测定血糖和血脂.将男性和女性按年龄分为6个年龄段进行统计分析,分析不同年龄段各心血管危险因素分布情况.人群中未进行降糖、降压、调脂治疗的2 817名各心血管危险因素进行相关分析及因子分析.对不同腰围分别计算预测血脂异常、高血压、高空腹血糖(FBG)及≥2 个心血管危险因素的灵敏度和特异度,计算Youden指数.结果 男性随年龄增加腰围、血糖、血压、血脂异常所占比例增加,腰臀比值异常所占比例随年龄呈升高趋势,各年龄组间有统计学意义(P<0.05);体重指数异常所占比例随年龄增加升高趋势不明显.女性随年龄增加腰围、血压、血脂异常所占比例增加,各年龄组间有统计学意义(P<0.05);血糖异常、腰臀比值异常、体重指数异常所占比例在≤70岁各年龄段随年龄增加而增加.男女血糖、血压、血脂异常所占比例无明显差别.女性40岁后腰围超标者高于男性.各心血管危险因素Pearson相关分析显示,这些指标间大多存在两两相关.其中腰围、BMI、腰臀围比值与其他指标有较强相关性.采用因子分析可见腰臀围比值、腰围、BMI这些肥胖因子为核心因子,没有一个变量同时连接所有因子.因子负荷数值腰围＞腰臀围比值＞体重指数.根据腰围预测各心血管危险因素的敏感度和特异度、ROC曲线,以及Youden指数均显示男性腰围85 cm,女性腰围75 cm时预测各心血管危险因素的真实性较好.根据腰臀比值预测各心血管因素的敏感度和特异度、ROC曲线,以及Youden指数均显示男性腰臀比值0.90,女性腰臀比值0.80时预测各心血管危险因素的真实性较好.结论 各心血管危险因素异常所占百分比随年龄有递增趋势,且男女各有特点.肥胖处于各危险因素的核心位置,肥胖指标中以中心性肥胖为肥胖诊断标准,尤其腰围诊断价值较高.太原城市人群中男性腰围85 cm,女性75 cm或腰臀比值男性0.90,女性0.80 可能是诊断中心性肥胖的合适切点.     

腹型肥胖测量指标与冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的关系

目的：通过分析腰围、腰臀比、腰身指数三种腹型肥胖测量指标与冠状动脉Gensini积分之间的相关性来探讨哪种指标与冠脉病变关系更密切。方法：选择进行冠脉造影的患者162名,按冠脉Gensini积分对所选病例进行四分位分组。对各组分别进行基本特征及生化指标对照分析,对各腹型肥胖指标与冠脉Gensini积分的关系进行多元Logistic回归分析,以评估各指标与心脑血管病危险的相关性。结果：（1）与Gensini积分最低分位组相比,积分最高分位组的腰围[（83．41±8．22）cm比（92．20±8．49）cm]、腰臀比[（0.90±0．07）比（0．97±0．06）]、腰身指数[（0．52±0．06）比（0．56±0．06）]、人体质量指数[（23．48±2．59）kg／m^2比（25．94±3．26）kg／m^2]均显著升高,P均〈0.01,吸烟比例、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、空腹血糖及尿酸水平均显著升高（P〈0．05～〈0．01）,HDL显著降低（P〈0．05）;（2）简单直线相关分析显示,腰围、腰臀比与Gensini积分呈显著正相关（r=0．22,P〈0．01;r=0．27,P〈0．01）。多元直线回归分析显示,腰臀比与Gensini积分呈明显正相关（标准偏回归系数-1．31,P=0．005）,而腰围、腰身指数与Gensini积分无显著相关性;（3）调整年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、空腹血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、尿酸等干扰因素后,多元Logistic回归分析显示腰臀比与心血管事件危险仍具有显著关联[Or=1．13（1．04—1．23）,P=0．005]。结论：与腰围、腰身指数相比,腰臀比与冠状动脉粥样硬化及心脑血管病事件危险的关系最密切。     

高血糖是高血压的独立危险因素？

作者分析糖耐量低减者（ＩＧＴ）２５０例及正常糖耐量者（ＮＧＴ）１７５例的资料。ＩＧＴ者中高血压所占比例明显高于ＮＧＴ者（分别为３０．１４％、１３．１７％，Ｐ＜０．００１）；Ｐｅｒｓｏｎ相关分析中，收缩压、舒张压、平均血压均与体重指数，空腹及服糖后２小时血糖和胰岛素呈显著正相关；应用多因素回归分析，在调整年龄、性别、体重指数、血浆总胆固醇、空腹胰岛素等因素后，收缩压、舒张压、平均血压仍与服糖后２小时血糖呈独立正相关。提示高血糖可能为高血压的独立危险因素。     

人体测量学指标与心血管代谢危险因素的相关性研究

目的探讨青岛地区人群体质指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、腰身比（WSR）、腰臀比（WHR）、臀围（HC）等人体测量学指标与糖尿病、高血压、脂代谢异常等代谢危险因素的相关性。方法利用青岛糖尿病流行病学调查数据库分析BMI、WC、WSR、WHR和HC与血糖、血压、血脂的相关关系;比较受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线对心血管危险因素的敏感性和特异性。结果人体测量学指标与血压、血糖、血脂密切相关;WSR的ROC曲线下面积最大,男性高血压、高血脂、糖尿病的ROC曲线下面积分别为0．73、0．70、0．62,女性分别为0．74、0．74、0．74。结论青岛地区人群人体测量学指标与代谢危险因素关系紧密,可作为评估的简易指标WSR可能是本地区人群评价代谢危险的最佳人体测量学指标。     

减重对血压,血脂,血糖及血尿酸的影响

分析４３例超重者（体重指数〉２５ｋｇ／ｍ＾２）经８周减重后血压、血脂、血糖及尿酸的变化情况表明：收缩压和舒张压分别平均下降０．４４和０．４３ｋＰａ（３．３和３．２ｍｍＨｇ）（Ｐ值均〈０．０５）。血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯分别平均下降０．３３８ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ和０．４０７ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｐ值均〈０．０１）；低密度脂蛋白胆固醇平均下降０．１３８ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，但未达统计学显著水平；高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白     

11省市自然人群体脂分布特征及其与心血管病危险因素的关系

本文分析了１１省市３５～６４岁的男女两性２７５２７人的体脂含量和分布特征及其与血压、血脂、血糖的相关性。结果显示：（１）男女两性的体重指数（ＢＭＩ）随年龄增加而增加，女性ＢＭＩ高于男性（Ｐ＝０．０２）；（２）男女两性的腰围臀围比（ＷＨＲ）随年龄增加而增加，男性ＷＨＲ明显高于女性（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（３）ＷＨＲ、ＢＭＩ基本呈北方高南方低的分布；（４）控制其它危险因素后，ＢＭＩ与各危险因素均独立相关，男性ＷＨＲ与甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、ＳＢＰ、高密度脂蛋白－胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）独立相关，女性ＷＨＲ与总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＴＧ和空腹血糖（ＦＢＳ）独立相关；（５）ＷＨＲ与血脂，尤其是ＴＧ的相关性明显强于ＢＭＩ与血脂的相关性。     

腰围甘油三酯指数与胸痛患者心血管危险因素聚集的关系

目的 研究腰围甘油三酯（WT）指数与胸痛患者心血管危险因素聚集的关系。 方法 回顾性分析在我院就诊的胸痛患者。比较心血管危险因素聚集组和非聚集组基线资料的差异。分析腰WT指数与心血管危险因素聚集的相关性。 结果 共有309例患者入选,其中女性115例。心血管危险因素聚集的检出率为73.8%。心血管危险因素聚集组的体重、腰围、体重指数、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、空腹血糖和腰WT指数均高于非聚集组（P<0.05）;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于非聚集组（P<0.05）。WT指数与心血管危险因素数量呈正相关（r=0.414,P<0.001）。多因素Logistic回归表明,WT指数是心血管危险因素聚集的独立预测因素（OR=1.012,95%CI：1.008~1.018）。WT指数在全部研究人群、男性人群及女性人群, ROC曲线下面积分别为0.750（95%CI：0.689~0.811）、0.709（95%CI：0.631~0.788）和0.852（95%CI：0.771~0.933）;其预测心血管危险因素聚集的最佳切点分别为138.7、110.6和134.4。 结论 WT指数是心血管危险因素聚集的独立预测因素,而且可以对心血管危险因素聚集做出定量的评价。     

Sagittal abdominal diameter compared with other anthropometric measurements in relation to cardiovascular risk

BACKGROUND: Abdominal adiposity has been described as an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease. Sagittal abdominal diameter has been found to be closely related to the amount of visceral adipose tissue. AIM: To compare the sagittal abdominal diameter with other anthropometric measures regarding their relationships to risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). DESIGN: A study of 885 men and women participating in a health survey. MEASUREMENTS: Sagittal abdominal diameter, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio, serum concentrations of risk factors for CHD, blood pressure. RESULTS: In men the sagittal abdominal diameter showed stronger correlations to the CHD risk factors serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, apolipoprotein B (apoB), plasminogen activator inhibitor tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and lipid-corrected alpha tocopherol, and to systolic and diastolic blood pressures than the other anthropometric measurements. In women, compared with the other anthropometric measurements the sagittal abdominal diameter was more strongly correlated to serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, LDL/HDL (high-density lipoprotein), apo B and t-PA, and to systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The sagittal abdominal diameter showed a stronger correlation to 'total risk' for cardiovascular disease (+ 0.66 for men, 0.62 for women), than waist circumference (+ 0.63 for men, + 0.57 for women) and waist-to-hip ratio (+ 0.61 for men and +0.48 for women; P <0.0001 for all correlations). This diameter was also more strongly correlated to 'metabolic risk' (+ 0.64 for men, + 0.59 for women) than waist circumference (+ 0.60 for men, + 0.59 for women) and waist-to-hip ratio (+ 0.58 for men, + 0.52 for women)(P < 0.0001 for all correlations). In a regression analysis including the anthropometric measurements and the risk values, the sagittal diameter was the strongest measure of cardiovascular risk in both men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Among both men and women in this study the sagittal abdominal diameter showed stronger correlations to cardiovascular risk and to other risk factors in the metabolic syndrome than other anthropometric variables such as waist circumference, waist-to hip ratio and BMI.     

Waist circumference and abdominal sagittal diameter as surrogates of body fat distribution in the elderly: their relation with cardiovascular risk factors

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between supine sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) and other indicators of body fat distribution with cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors in the elderly. SUBJECTS: One-hundred and forty-six women aged from 67 to 78 y with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 18.7 to 50.6 kg/m2 and 83 men aged between 67 and 78 y with BMI ranging from 19.8 to 37.1 kg/m2. MEASUREMENT: Body fat distribution was assessed using anthropometric indicators: waist circumference, SAD, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio and SAD-to-thigh ratio. RESULTS: In women, there was a negative correlation between HDL-cholesterol and body weight, BMI, waist, SAD, WHR, waist-to-height ratio and SAD-to-thigh ratio. A significant association was found between triglycerides, basal glucose, 2 h glucose during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and anthropometric variables. In men a negative correlation was found between HDL-cholesterol and all the anthropometric variables. A significant association was found between triglycerides, DBP and body weight, BMI, waist, SAD and waist-to-height ratio. In women, after adjusting for age and BMI, a significant correlation was observed between waist and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and basal glucose. This was also seen with SAD and SAD-to-thigh ratio and triglycerides, basal and 2 h glucose. In men, after adjusting for age and BMI a significant correlation was found between SAD and HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. When adjustments were made for age and waist, the correlations between BMI and metabolic variables as well between BMI and SBP and DBP were no longer significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that indicators of body fat distribution are associated with CVD risk factors in the elderly independently of BMI. Our data also show that waist and SAD are the anthropometric indicators of fat distribution which are most closely related to CVD risk factors in old age.     

Body fat distribution in relation to serum lipids and blood pressure in 38-year-old European men: the European fat distribution study

A study on 512 38-year-old European men selected from 6 different towns was conducted. There were significant differences between the centers in averages of anthropometric variables (except for thigh circumference), serum lipids (except for LDL-cholesterol), and blood pressure. In the pooled material, body mass index (BMI) as well as waist circumference, waist/hip ratio and waist/thigh ratio and subscapular skinfold were positively correlated to serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and blood pressure and negatively with HDL-cholesterol. After adjustment for BMI, waist, waist/hip, and waist/thigh were all still significantly correlated with serum triglycerides (P less than 0.001). In addition, waist/hip and waist/thigh ratio showed significant partial correlations with total cholesterol (r = 0.16, P less than 0.001, r = 0.10, P less than 0.05 respectively), and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.10, P less than 0.05, r = 0.09, P less than 0.05 respectively). In addition, waist/hip was, independently of BMI, correlated to LDL-cholesterol (r = 0.12, P less than 0.01), and waist/thigh ratio with HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.12, P less than 0.01). The partial association between waist/thigh with HDL cholesterol became insignificant after adjustment for smoking habits and physical activity. Adjustment for differences in anthropometric measurements did not explain the differences in serum lipids and blood pressure between the centers. The authors conclude that indicators of body fat distribution are associated with unfavorable risk profiles for cardiovascular disease in European men covering a large geographical and cultural variety and a wide range of body measurements and cardiovascular risk factors.     

Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index

BACKGROUND: Visceral adipose tissue is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease risk factors and morbidity from cardiovascular diseases. Waist measurement and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) have been used as proxy measures of visceral adipose tissue, mainly in adults. OBJECTIVE: To validate body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and WHtR as predictors for the presence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children of Greek-Cypriot origin. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 1,037 boys and 950 girls with mean age 11.4+/-0.4 y were evaluated. Dependent variables for the study were total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholestrol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure. RESULTS: When children were divided into two groups according to the 75th percentile for BMI, waist circumference and WHtR, all dependent variables had higher mean values in the highest percentile groups in WHtR groups and almost all variables in BMI and waist circumference groups. Adjusted odds ratios for predicting pathological values of cardiovascular disease risk factors were slightly higher for the highest WHtR group for predicting lipid and lipoprotein pathological values and for the highest BMI groups in predicting high blood pressure measurement. Using stepwise multiple regression analysis to explain the variance of the dependent variables, waist circumference was the most significant predictor for all variables both for boys and girls, whereas BMI had the lowest predictive value for the detection of cardiovascular disease risk factors. CONCLUSION: Waist circumference and WHtR are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than BMI. Further studies are necessary to determine the cutoff points for these indices for an accurate prediction of risk factors.     

Obesity indices and cardiovascular risk factors in Thai adults

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) with cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes in Thai population. DESIGN: A national cross-sectional survey of cardiovascular risk factors. SUBJECTS: Five thousand and three hundred five Thai adults aged > or =35 years. MEASUREMENTS: Body weight, height, waist and hip circumference and cardiovascular risk factors including blood pressure, total plasma cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose were measured. Age- and sex-specific means and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors were calculated and compared among anthropometric measurements. RESULTS: There were increasing trends of severity of cardiovascular risk factors and prevalence of morbidity conditions across increasing levels of BMI, WC, WHpR and WHtR categories. For age group > or =65 years, WC, WHpR and WHtR provided more consistent association with cardiovascular risk factors than BMI. Area under the curve indicated that measurement of central obesity could predict cardiovascular risk better than BMI. The optimal cutoff points for anthropometric measurements were in line with the Asia-Pacific recommendation; however, similar cutoff point for men and women between 82 and 85 cm was observed. CONCLUSION: Central obesity indices were slightly better associated with cardiovascular risk factors compared to BMI in Thai adults aged > or =35 years.     

Association between simple anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk factors.

OBJECTIVE: To identify which of the three simple anthropometric indices, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC), best predicts cardiovascular risk factors, and to determine if the association between the anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk factors varies with gender. DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional population-based survey was carried out during 1995-1996. One thousand and ten Chinese people (500 men and 510 women) aged 25-74 y were recruited as subjects for the study. Metabolic profiles and anthropometric indices were measured. RESULTS: Partial correlation and co-variance analyses showed that WC exhibited the highest degree of association with almost all of the studied metabolic profiles for both men and women. We observed significant gender differences in the association between central or general obesity with cardiovascular risk factors. BMI had an independent and significant association with metabolic risks in men, but not in women, whereas WHR was more strongly correlated with metabolic risks for women than for men. Logistic regression analysis further confirmed the magnitude of the association between the obesity indices and metabolic risks. Among the studied metabolic variables, serum insulin showed the highest degree of association with the obesity indices, followed by plasma glucose, triglyceride, HDL and blood pressure. Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol had a small but significant correlation with obesity. No threshold values in the relation between either the anthropometric indices and metabolic values, or with hypertension, diabetes and dislipidemia were observed. CONCLUSION: The association of central or general obesity and metabolic syndrome varied with gender. In addition, the useful anthropometric predictors for cardiovascular risk factors were BMI and WC for men, and WC and WHR for women.     

Fat distribution in European men: a comparison of anthropometric measurements in relation to cardiovascular risk factors.

It has been proposed that subcutaneous fat patterning assessed by skinfolds is measuring different aspects of fat distribution compared to circumferences and circumference ratios. In this study in 510 men born in 1950 selected from six European towns we compared the associations between five skinfolds, eight circumferences and several skinfold and circumference ratios and metabolic risk factors after adjustment for body mass index (BMI). All skinfolds were independently of BMI positively related to diastolic blood pressure. Waist circumferences at most levels were independently of BMI positively related to blood pressure and triglycerides and negatively to HDL-cholesterol. Circumferences at the levels of chest, hips, thigh and arm were not related to any of the risk factors studied. Waist/thigh ratios were generally more strongly and more consistently related to risk factors than waist/hip ratios. The partial correlations of anthropometric variables with risk factors were relatively weak and never exceeded r = 0.20. The results give an indication, however, that subcutaneous fat patterning is related to different risk factors compared to waist/hip ratios. Moreover, waist/thigh and waist circumference alone (measured either as the minimal circumference or midway between the lower rib margin and the iliac crest) were stronger correlates of cardiovascular risk factors compared to waist/hip ratio.     

Relationship of serum ferritin with cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation in young men and women

Elevated ferritin levels have been reported as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in Finnish and Italian studies. Studies in other populations have found no association between ferritin and cardiovascular disease raising the possibility of confounding with other cardiovascular risk factors. We determined ferritin levels, metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, C-reactive protein (CRP), anthropometric measurements and blood pressure in 815 men and women aged 26 years. In women serum ferritin correlated with CRP, waist measurement, body mass index (BMI), and triglycerides. In multiple regression analysis CRP alone was independently associated with serum ferritin. Serum ferritin in men correlated with waist measurement, BMI, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. After adjustment for the other variables, waist measurement was the only independent predictor of ferritin. Ferritin levels in young men and women are associated with obesity and serum triglycerides, HDL cholesterol in men and inflammation in women. Confounding may contribute to reports of associations between ferritin and cardiovascular disease.     

正常血压者不同血压水平的危险因素及其与相关疾病的关系

目的:观察正常血压者不同血压水平的危险因素及其与相关疾病的关系。方法:对1 533例血压正常者按血压水平分为3组:血压120/80 mmHg组,(120～129)/(80～84)mmHg组和(130～139)/(85～89)mmHg组。观察分析年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、脉压差、血总胆固醇、三酰甘油、空腹血糖以及患冠心病、脑出血和脑梗死的情况与血压水平的关系。结果:年龄、性别、BMI、腰围、脉压差、血总胆固醇、三酰甘油、空腹血糖和冠心病患病率在各血压组之间具有显著性差异(P0.05,P0.01);多因素Linear regression分析发现年龄、BMI、腰围和三酰甘油是收缩压的相关因子(P0.05,P0.01),而只有腰围是舒张压的相关因子(P0.01)。结论:正常血压者随着血压水平的升高其心脑血管疾病的危险性也在逐渐增加,在预防血压升高的同时也要预防其危险因素的发生。     

Are Body Mass or Insulin Resistance Independently Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Non-diabetic Elderly Nigerians?

The aim was to establish whether risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are positively and independently associated with fasting insulin and/or body mass and waist–hip ratio in healthy elderly Nigerian subjects. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, and basal insulin resistance (HOMA method) were measured in 500 healthy elderly (≥55 years) Nigerian volunteers (295 men, 205 women). Associations between blood pressure, triglycerides or cholesterol and fasting insulin, HOMA, body mass index (BMI) or waist–hip ratio were examined using linear regression. Age was controlled for in all analyses. In men, diastolic and systolic blood pressure were strongly associated with BMI, while there was no evidence of an independent relationship with fasting insulin or HOMA. Triglycerides were strongly associated with waist–hip ratio, with a weaker independent association with HOMA but not fasting insulin; fasting insulin and HOMA showed strong independent associations with total cholesterol. In women diastolic and systolic blood pressure were also strongly associated with BMI, but there was an independent relationship with fasting insulin for diastolic blood pressure and a less significant (p = 0.057) one for systolic blood pressure. Triglycerides were significantly associated with BMI but none of the other variables; there were no significant associations with cholesterol. There was no evidence of interaction between fasting insulin or HOMA and BMI or waist–hip ratio. The results suggest the hypotheses that in this population BMI or waist–hip ratio are stronger determinants of blood pressure and triglyceride levels than fasting insulin or HOMA, and that where insulin does play a role its effects are separate and additive.