异位妊娠腹腔镜保守手术

异位妊娠是常见的妇科疾病,以往确诊后大多数患者需要开腹手术治疗。近年来,随着腹腔镜手术技术的推广和临床医师腹腔镜手术经验不断积累,腹腔镜手术已在国内许多医院成为治疗异位妊娠的首要选择。对于未育妇女和要求保留输卵管功能的年轻妇女,腹腔镜保守治疗异位妊娠已显得日趋重要,备受欢迎。主要术式包括:腹腔镜下输卵管妊娠伞部挤压术或切开术、输卵管切开取胚术、输卵管妊娠部位药物注射等。1腹腔镜保守手术的适应证根据患者的生育愿望、血流动力学状况、妊娠部位、孕囊大小、输卵管是否破裂以及破损程度、对侧输卵管状况、盆腔粘连程…     

腹腔镜在盆腔炎诊断和治疗中的价值

目的　探讨腹腔镜手术在盆腔炎 (plevicinflammatorydisease ,PID)治疗中的价值。 方法　复旦大学附属妇产科医院于 1998年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 3月对临床诊断为急性PID患者 86例 ,分别行单纯药物治疗 ,超声下穿刺 ,药物控制感染后经腹或腹腔镜手术治疗PID。治疗后随访 6～ 12个月。结果　药物治疗及超声下穿刺者 ,与手术治疗组治疗后盆腔炎性包块和盆腔痛发生率相比差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。经腹手术与腹腔镜手术 ,手术时间差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ,住院天数腹腔镜手术组明显缩短 (P <0 0 5 )。所有手术病例 ,行全子宫双附件切除 (TAH BSO) 6例 ,患侧附件切除 (USO) 19例 ,保守性手术 2 7例 ,术后盆腔炎性包块分别为 0、0和 5例 (P >0 0 5 ) ;盆腔痛分别有 1、1和 6例 (P >0 0 5 ) ;但同时出现盆腔炎性包块和盆腔痛的患者TAH BSO组 1例 ,USO组 1例 (P >0 0 5 ) ,保守性手术患者 11例 ,保守性手术患者与USO组相比差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。PID病程在 1周以内者 ,腹腔镜手术时间明显短于经腹手术组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;病程超过 1周时两组手术时间差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　腹腔镜检查是诊断急性PID诊断的金标准。保守性手术术后并发症较多 ,但对女性生殖内分泌功能及生育能力     

剖宫产术后盆腔脓肿保守治疗8例分析

目的探讨剖宫产术后盆腔脓肿保守治疗的可行性。方法对2012年2月至2014年1月在山西省运城市中心医院治疗的8例剖宫产术后盆腔脓肿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 8例患者中,临产后剖宫产5例,胎膜早破未临产2例,合并发热、胎儿窘迫未临床剖宫产1例。8例患者术后均有发热、腹痛,超声提示盆腔脓肿。2例患者阴道有脓性分泌物流出,盆腔脓肿较小者行宫颈扩张宫腔引流,冲洗及中西药治疗痊愈,6例超声引导下盆腔穿刺引流,后穹隆穿刺引流及中西医治疗痊愈。8例患者预后好,无孕产妇死亡。结论超声引导介入治疗剖宫产术后盆腔脓肿是一种安全有效的治疗方法 。     

240例女性盆腔脓肿的临床研究

目的:分析盆腔脓肿患者的临床特点,探讨影响盆腔脓肿保守治疗效果的因素。方法:回顾性分析因盆腔脓肿于重庆市6家医院进行住院治疗的240例患者的临床资料,其中保守治疗组73例,手术治疗组167例,比较并分析其临床特点、诊疗经过及治疗效果。结果:保守治疗组患者脓肿直径小,多为单侧病灶((印)P(正)0.05),包块直径大于5.8 cm时预测手术干预的敏感性为81.3%;保守治疗组患者自症状加重至入院时间间隔短((印)P(正)0.05);而年龄、宫内节育器(IUD)的使用、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平、盆腔手术史、合并子宫内膜异位症(EMT)等因素与手术治疗组差异无统计学意义((印)P(正)0.05)。手术治疗组中17.4%(4/23)的患者子宫颈分泌物和腹腔脓液培养为同种细菌,39.1%(9/23)细菌培养结果不一致。均行降钙素原(PCT)检查的重症患者(19例)较普通患者(34例)的白细胞(WBC)(16.51×10~9/L vs 12.00×10~9/L)及PCT水平(0.57 ng/L vs 0.14 ng/L)明显升高,差异有统计学意义((印)P(正)0.05)。结论:影响盆腔脓肿患者保守治疗效果的因素有脓肿直径、病灶位置与症状加重至入院时间间隔;双侧病灶者可积极选择手术治疗;盆腔脓肿患者子宫颈与盆腔致病微生物的组成可能有所不同,保守治疗效果不佳者应尽量手术取得感染病灶标本进行培养和药敏检测;PCT可监测重症患者疾病发展与转归。     

腹腔镜下和经腹广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤的临床效果比较

目的:比较腹腔镜下和经腹广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的临床效果。方法:对我院2008年9月～2010年12月68例早期子宫恶性肿瘤患者行腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术(腹腔镜组),随机抽取同期60例经腹广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术的病例做对照(开腹组),比较两种术式的手术相关情况,术后恢复情况,手术并发症及术后生存质量等。结果:行腹腔镜手术的68例患者中无1例中转开腹,腹腔镜组在手术时间,术中出血量,淋巴结切除数目,手术并发症,术后住院日和术后体温恢复时间与开腹组相比具有明显优势,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);但在膀胱功能恢复时间,盆腔引流液,尿管拔出时间等方面比较,差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术可达到开腹手术的安全性及有效性,并具有创伤小,术野清晰,并发症少,恢复快等优点,为微创手术治疗妇科恶性肿瘤提供了良好的应用前景。     

阑尾周围脓肿的临床治疗方法探讨

针对临床30例患者的病情分别采用保守或Ⅰ期引流Ⅱ期切除手术及引用腹腔镜手术治疗的方法,结果均临床治愈,但保守治疗易复发,Ⅰ期引流、Ⅱ期手术治疗给患者工作、生活带来一定的不便,腹腔镜手术治疗有局限性。因此,传统方法与腹腔镜手术治疗各有优势。结论是阑尾周围脓肿的临床治疗仍需结合病人病情采取合理的治疗方案。     

手术腹腔镜的新领域：综述与评论

手术腹腔镜的作用是否能等同于某些剖腹手术尚无定论。本文综合文献对一些盆腔疾患及手术是否适合手术腹腔镜作出评价。手术腹腔镜治疗异位妊娠、多囊卵巢综合征及行卵巢活检是安全、有效的;对治疗卵巢囊肿、盆腔脓肿及行子宫骶骨神经毁坏术、子宫悬吊术、子宫肌瘤切除术、残角子宫切除及子宫切除术中虽无足够证据证明其优点,但由于其他一些原因也可推荐施行手术腹腔镜。     

子宫肌瘤腹腔镜术后肌瘤盆腹腔种植2例报告北大核心CSCD

子宫肌瘤是女性生殖器最常见的良性盆腔实体肿瘤,近20％处于孕龄期的女性受累。手术路径主要有开腹、经阴道、宫腔镜、腹腔镜以及腹腔镜辅助下阴式手术,而腹腔镜手术拥有创伤小、恢复快、切口美观等优点,深受患者青睐。然而微创而非无创,因此同样具有其他外科手术一样的风险,此外还可能发生腹腔镜下子宫手术术后的腹膜播散性平滑肌瘤病（1eiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminate,LPD）的风险。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿取卵术后并发盆腔脓肿和肠梗阻:病例分析1例并文献复习

目的探讨子宫内膜异位症(EMS)不孕患者助孕策略的选择,卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿保守治疗的风险及取卵术后并发盆腔脓肿的风险与预防。方法分析1例通过卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿取卵术后并发盆腔脓肿和肠梗阻病例并文献复习。结果 EMS不孕患者取卵后并发盆腔脓肿、盆腹腔粘连及部分小肠梗阻保守治疗失败后行手术治疗。结论 EMS不孕应综合年龄、卵巢功能、疾病严重程度及男方因素等选择最佳的助孕策略。为预防EMS取卵后感染的发生,在取卵术前要进行更彻底的阴道准备,术中规范操作避免反复穿刺阴道壁,同时避免穿刺巧克力囊肿,术后广谱抗生素预防感染。对于已合并盆腔感染患者,考虑将胚胎冷冻后择期移植。     

原发盆腔腹膜后肿瘤机器人辅助腹腔镜与传统腹腔镜手术并发症的比较及危险因素分析

目的:探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜手术及传统腹腔镜手术治疗女性原发性盆腔腹膜后肿瘤手术并发症的发生情况,并分析影响手术并发症的相关危险因素。方法:回顾收集2017年12月至2022年4月在郑州大学第一附属医院接受手术治疗的104例女性原发性盆腔腹膜后肿瘤患者的临床病例资料,根据手术方式不同分为机器人组(采用机器人系统辅助腹腔镜手术,33例)和腹腔镜组(采用传统腹腔镜手术,71例),比较两组患者手术并发症的发生率及严重程度的差异,并对影响手术并发症发生的相关因素进行单因素及多因素logistic回归分析。结果:相较于腹腔镜组,机器人组围术期总并发症少(9.1%vs 26.8%),术中并发症较少(3.0%vs 21.1%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者的术后并发症及严重并发症比较,差异无统计学意义。单因素分析显示,肿瘤性质、手术时间、中转其他术式、加权切除器官评分及手术方式与女性PPRT患者手术并发症发生相关。多因素分析显示,肿瘤性质、手术时间、加权切除器官评分及手术方式是女性PPRT患者手术并发症发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:机器人辅助腹腔镜手术较传统腹腔镜...     

A case of pregnancy complicated by the development of a tubo-ovarian abscess following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

Tubo-ovarian abscess is an uncommon complication in pregnant women. In this report, we present a patient who developed a tubo-ovarian abscess during pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Despite treatment with intravenous antibiotics she delivered at 22 weeks of gestation. After delivery, she underwent a left salpingo-oophorectomy. Review of the literature revealed only 26 reported cases of tubo-ovarian or pelvic abscess during pregnancy. Pelvic inflammatory disease, previous laparotomy, and structural genital anomalies are known risk factors for pelvic abscess during pregnancy. Pelvic abscess resulting as a complication of vaginal oocyte retrieval has been reported. Therefore, although enabling women with organic pelvic disease such as endometriosis and hydrosalpinx to achieve pregnancy, assisted reproductive techniques may potentially result in pelvic infection during pregnancy. This case suggests that a preconception evaluation and treatment for such conditions should be considered for women undergoing treatment for infertility.     

Actinomycose pelvienne : est-ce prévisible ?

ObjectivesPelvic actinomycosis is a rare disease that can be diagnosed before, during or after surgical treatment of a suspected ovarian tumor, a suspected bowel obstruction, or acute peritonitis. The possibility of early detection of pelvic or abdominal abscess related to was evaluated through a personal series and literature review.Patients and methodsOur series of 11 cases of severe abdominal or pelvic actinomycosis is related and compared to 58 cases reported in the literature.ResultsSeven patients in this series were diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease and acute peritonitis with or without bowel obstruction, and four women were diagnosed after surgical treatment for suspected ovarian cancer. Fifty-two of the 58 cases of reproductive tract actinomycosis reported in the literature review and all our cases were associated with prolonged use of an intrauterine contraceptive device with a mean of eight years. The contribution of pelvic ultrasound and angioscanner in evaluating these patients should not be underestimated and MRI may be useful in some cases as well. Early diagnosis based on Actinomyces-positive cervical smears or abscess aspiration was accomplished only once in our series and was rare in literature. A histopathologic diagnosis during laparoscopy or laparotomy could avoid more difficult and extensive surgery. In our series of 11 patients, five women required abdominal surgery, five required salpingo-oophorectomy and three required hysterectomy. All women required surgical intervention. Effective treatment combined long antibiotic therapy with surgery. Correct preoperative diagnosis is rare but if achieved, long-term treatment with penicillin for at least two months and sometimes up to a year may completely eradicate the infection. Surgery may still be necessary to improve medical treatment or to resolve pelvic abscesses.Discussion and conclusionAny pelvic abscess occurring in a woman with a history of long-term use of an intrauterine device should be considered as possible pelvic actinomycosis. If there is no fever in association with an atypical adnexal tumor, frozen section should be obtained during surgery to rule out the diagnosis of actinomycosis.     

Laparoscopic treatment of tuboovarian and pelvic abscess

Twenty-five women with pelvic abscess were treated laparoscopically. Following intravenous antibiotic coverage, laparoscopic surgical techniques were utilized to lyse bowel adhesions, drain purulent fluid, and excise acute and necrotic inflammatory adhesions, including tuboovarian adhesions. Treatment during the acute phase and results per second-look laparoscopy were documented in five cases, with photomicrographs revealing relatively normal pelvic anatomy. One postappendectomy abscess with a peritoneovaginal fistula in a 10-year-old girl was also managed laparoscopically. Four of seven women desiring pregnancy conceived, and two women had unplanned pregnancies. The treatment of choice for acute pelvic abscess may be a combination of intravenous antibiotics and an early laparoscopic surgical procedure.     

Management of the pelvic abscess

137 consecutive cases of pelvic abscess arising within the female genital tract admitted to Grady Memorial Hospital between January 1968 and December 1968 were studied to compare the outcome of conservative management with primary aggressive surgical treatment. The majority of women (about 70%) were between 21 and 40 years of age; 30% were nulliparous and 40% had had a pregnancy within 2 years prior to the pelvic abscess. 120 patients were managed conservatively: bedrest, fluid, and electrolyte replacement, nasogastric suction in 35 of these cases. The average hospital stay for the 120 patients was 9 days. There was an early failure rate of 10% who underwent exploratory laparotomy with total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingooophorectomy; rupture of the abscess occurred in approximately 4% of the conservatively managed cases. 16% of the remaining 97 patients followed for 2 1/2-8 years had delayed complications following discharge and required surgery for persistent symptoms or mass. There was no intestinal or urinary tract injury to these patients requiring surgery. 10 patients treated conservatively have subsequently become pregnant, with no reported ectopic pregnancies. Among 12 cases of ruptured pelvic abscess, postoperative morbidity was high. 17 cases of the 137 underwent initial laporotomy because of suspected rupture. These patients had total abdominal hysterectomy. Primary conservative therapy is favored over aggressive management via surgery, except in cases of questionable diagnosis, suspected rupture, or failure of the abscess to respond to initial conservative management.     

盆腔炎性疾病与盆腔痛

盆腔炎性疾病严重影响广大女性的生殖健康,若不能及时治疗,易引起后遗病变。慢性盆腔痛是盆腔炎性疾病所引起的后遗病变之一。诊断性腹腔镜是目前评价慢性盆腔痛原因的有效方法,可在进行诊断同时对盆腔病变进行手术治疗。此外,口服药物、理疗等方法也可有效缓解盆腔疼痛。     

阴道骶骨固定术手术途径的发展现况

盆腔器官脱垂(POP)属于盆底功能障碍性疾病(PFD)的一种,是中老年妇女的常见病,虽对患者生命尚不构成威胁,但是其从多方面影响患者的生活质量及心理健康。POP的治疗方式可分为保守治疗及手术治疗,手术治疗主要分为传统手术及重建手术。受制于传统手术不可逆转的弊端及术后高复发率,并且近年随着手术技术及器械的进步,重建手术日益发展。其中阴道骶骨固定术是治疗POP的金标准术式,手术途径由传统开腹手术逐渐发展为损伤更小的腹腔镜或经阴道途径,随着达芬奇手术机器人的问世,机器人辅助的腹腔镜手术亦成为一种选择。但是各种术式的手术结局、术中及术后并发症各不相同,且尚无统一定论。综述阴道骶骨固定术的手术途径,为相关临床决策的制定提供依据。     

Surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse is a common condition which can have a profound effect on health-related quality of life. The lifetime risk of surgery for pelvic organ prolapse for all women is around 10–12%, making prolapse surgery one of the most commonly performed operations of all. Surgery is generally offered only to women to do not respond to conservative measures such as physiotherapy and/or vaginal pessaries. It is very important to ensure excellent clinical governance around the decision-making process for this elective surgical problem, and this may include the use of written information, face to face and telephone consultations, patient reported outcome measures and patient decision aids. This chapter will cover all the different techniques for prolapse surgery including conventional approaches using native tissue, uterus conserving prolapse surgery and surgery for post-hysterectomy vault prolapse. This will also include laparoscopic prolapse surgery. The role of mesh in prolapse surgery will also be discussed and this chapter will cover important topics including patient selection and preparation for prolapse surgery, shared decision making and how best to facilitate this, patient preparation before prolapse surgery and follow-up post operation.     

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in Virginal Adolescent Females without Tubo-Ovarian Abscess

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the upper genital tract that is often caused by an ascending sexually transmitted infection. The complications of PID include pyosalpinx and tubo-ovarian abscess, infertility or ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain of varying degrees. These sequelae underscore the importance of prompt diagnosis. We present 2 cases of PID in young women who denied any history of sexual activity or sexual abuse. Both cases were brought to the operating room with suspected appendicitis; however, laparoscopic evaluation revealed purulent fluid surrounding the pelvic organs. The literature is scant with respect to PID in the virginal patient. It is important to keep pelvic infection in the differential diagnosis of virginal patients who present with clinical symptoms of an acute abdomen.     

女性不孕症合并盆腔粘连腹腔镜诊治临床分析

目的探讨盆腔粘连与女性不孕症的关系，以及腹腔镜在诊治盆腔粘连相关的女性不孕症中的意义。方法回顾性分析2003年6月至2005年6月在我院因不孕症行腹腔镜诊治的481例不孕患者。其中原发不孕175例，继发不孕306例。分析腹腔镜下不孕症患者盆腔粘连、盆腔粘连合并输卵管阻塞发生率和盆腔粘连腹腔镜术后妊娠情况。结果腹腔镜检查发现原发和继发不孕患者盆腔粘连发生率分别为45．7％和65％，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。盆腔粘连合并输卵管阻塞在原发不孕中发生率为65．0％，在继发不孕中发生率为58．7％。原发不孕盆腔粘连患者腹腔镜术后宫内自然妊娠率为32．5％（26／80），其中术后6个月内自然妊娠占76，9％（20／26）；继发不孕盆腔粘连患者腹腔镜术后宫内自然妊娠率为27.1％（54／199），其中术后6个月内自然妊娠占66．7％（36／54）。结论盆腔粘连是引起女性不孕症最常见盆腔病变之一。腹腔镜可及时准确地发现不孕症患者的盆腔粘连情况，并同时行镜下盆腔粘连的分离，是诊治不孕患者较为理想的方法。     

Laparoscopic uterine suspension using three-stitch technique

We conducted a prospective, longitudinal study to assess the efficacy of a new laparoscopic hysteropexy technique in alleviating pelvic pain. Subjects were 50 women of reproductive age with chronic pelvic pain or dyspareunia in whom the only clinical finding was uterine retroversion who underwent laparoscopic uterine suspension using three-stitch technique. There were no intraoperative complications. The only postoperative complication was abdominal pain in one woman. The technique was effective in relieving symptoms in these patients. Of the 22 women who had associated infertility for longer than 3 years, 10 became pregnant within 1 year after surgery. This benefit, however, is likely due to couples' improved sex life rather than change in surgical axis of the uterus.