鼻咽癌UICC第7版分期与中国2008分期比较及分期更新建议

目的 比较鼻咽癌UICC第7版分期及中国2008分期, 并对分期的更新提供参考依据。方法 回顾分析2006—2012年病理确诊的初治无远处转移、接受调强适形放疗的鼻咽癌患者767例。以OS、LRFS、DMFS为主要预后指标, 比较两种分期系统T分期、N分期、临床分期对预后的预测价值。Kaplan-Meier法计算各项生存率, 组间差异比较行Logrank检验, Cox法多因素分析。结果 从T分期来看, 中国2008分期在预测OS、LFFS方面优于UICC分期。从N分期来看, 两种分期在预测OS、DMFS方面相当。从临床分期来看, UICC分期在预测OS方面优于中国2008分期。依据统计结果推荐的新分期中T分期、N分期、临床分期对预后均有较好预测价值。结论 鼻咽癌UICC第7版分期与中国2008分期在预测预后方面各有优势。推荐的新分期方案对当前鼻咽癌分期的更新有一定价值。     

基于MRI及IMRT下的鼻咽癌新T分期研究

目的 建立一个基于MRI并与IMRT相适应的鼻咽癌新T分期系统。方法 回顾分析2008—2010年我院基于MRI并接受IMRT的608例初治无转移鼻咽癌患者资料,按鼻咽癌第7版UICC/AJCC分期系统进行分期。Kaplan-Meier法计算相关生存率及Logrank检验,Cox法多因素分析。现行UICC/AJCC分期系统存在不足,在此基础上建立新鼻咽癌T分期系统,并对新T分期系统合理性进行评价。结果 5年随访率为94.5%,5年OS、DFS、LRFS、DMFS分别为81.5%、80.1%、86.0%、81.1%。单因素及多因素分析结果显示鼻咽、咽旁间隙、颅底解剖结构均为影响患者OS率因素(P=0.000—0.045)。根据风险差异性及生存曲线分布提出新T分期标准:T₁期:侵袭鼻咽、咽旁间隙、口咽、鼻腔、颅底、翼内肌;T₂期:侵袭翼外肌、鼻窦、眼眶、颅内、颞下窝、颅神经。推荐新T分期系统LRFS曲线及OS曲线均能很好地拉开。结论 推荐新T分期系统能较客观地预测鼻咽癌患者预后,可作为鼻咽癌临床新分期探索性的尝试。     

恶性肿瘤家族史与鼻咽癌预后的关系*

目的:探讨恶性肿瘤家族史与鼻咽癌患者的临床特征及预后的关系。方法:回顾性分析2009年1 月至2013年12月汕头大学医学院附属粤北人民医院89例具有恶性肿瘤家族史及388 例无恶性肿瘤家族史的鼻咽癌患者临床特征及预后资料。结果:恶性肿瘤家族史组与无恶性肿瘤家族史组鼻咽癌病例相比较,性别、年龄、TNM 分期、病理类型、放疗前Hb、放疗方式间差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。 恶性肿瘤家族史组患者3 年总生存时间（overall survival,OS）较无恶性肿瘤家族史组长,分别为91.6% 、85.5% ,两组间差异无统计学意义（P = 0.211）。 单因素、多因素分析显示,T 分期、N 分期及TNM 分期是鼻咽癌患者OS、无进展生存期（pro?gression-free survival ,PFS）、无远处转移生存期（distant metastasis-free survival,DMFS）的重要影响因素（P < 0.05）。 然而恶性肿瘤家族史及鼻咽癌家族史对鼻咽癌3 年OS、PFS 、无局部复发生存期（locoregional relapse-free survival ,LRFS）、DMFS差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。 结论:恶性肿瘤家族史鼻咽癌患者3 年OS较无恶性肿瘤家族史组长,但两组间差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。 T分期、N 分期越晚的鼻咽癌患者预后不佳。恶性肿瘤家族史对鼻咽癌的预后无统计学意义。      

鼻咽癌前瞻性多中心临床分期研究的初步结果

目的 通过比较鼻咽癌2008分期和第7版UICC或AJCC分期标准的病例分布和预后价值,探讨两种分期合理性。方法 分析2009—2010年全国9个肿瘤中心收治的 1508例无远处转移鼻咽癌首诊患者的临床资料,分别根据鼻咽癌2008分期与第7版UICC或AJCC分期进行分期,分析和评价两种分期病例分布的一致性及 3年LRFS、DMFS、OS率。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算LRFS、DMFS和OS率,Logrank检验差异。结果 两种分期的T期、N期、临床分期病例分布相似(Kappa=0.80、0.60、0.60),临床分期OS曲线和T分期LRFS曲线也较一致,但Ⅰ、Ⅱ期OS曲线相似,T₁—T₃期LRFS曲线出现靠拢或重叠。2008分期N₀与N₁期曲线相似,而UICC或AJCC分期N₁与N₂期曲线相似。结论 两种分期病例分布、临床分期及T分期预后相似,但N分期预后不同。两种分期中临床分期、T分期、N分期的预后需进一步完善。     

鼻咽癌UICC分期(1997)的临床评价

目的：评价鼻咽癌UICC（1997）分期的预后预测价值。方法：1992年8月至1993年12月,本院621例经鼻咽活检证实,治疗前均行CT或MR检查的MO鼻咽癌患者,根据UICC（1997）分期,对621例病人重新分期。放射治疗：NPDT：66-74Gy/33-37次,共7-8周;LNDT：60-70Gy/33-35次,共7-8.5周;颈部预防量：48-50Gy。结果：Ⅰ-Ⅳ期的病例分别为6.1%、43.5%、25.1%及25.3%。本组病例咽旁侵犯的发生率为74.1%,在460例咽旁侵犯的病例中,310例（67.4%)划分为T2。Ⅰ-Ⅳ期的5年生存率分别为89%、70%、53%及37%;Ⅰ-Ⅳ期的5年无瘤生存率分别为84%、69%、51%及36%。T1-4的5年无局部复发生存率分别为93%、84%、71%及58%;N1-4的5年无远处转移生存率分别为90%、81%、62%及51%。结论：UICC（1997）分期能较好的预测鼻咽癌预后,然而,病例分布不合理,Ⅱ期病人占总病例的43.5%。建立下一版UICC鼻咽癌分期进行咽旁侵犯程度的划分。     

基于鼻咽癌临床Ⅲ期探讨第8版AJCC/UICC分期系统

目的 基于调强放疗临床Ⅲ期鼻咽癌的生存分析中探讨第8版AJCC/UICC鼻咽癌分期系统。方法 2008-2014年在汕头大学医学院附属肿瘤医院首次治疗的 1351例鼻咽癌患者中按第7、8版标准重新分期,确定Ⅲ期患者分别为742、784例,将其各自分为3个亚组:T3N0-1期为 G1(226、245例),T1-2N2期为 G2(180、187例),T3N2期为G3(336、352例)。Kaplan-Meier法分别计算3个组 5年总生存(OS)、无进展生存(PFS)、无远处转移生存(DMFS)、无局部区域复发生存(LRRFS),并log-rank检验组间差异。结果 第8版病例中93.6%与第7版的相同。第8版与第7版总体的OS、PFS、DMFS、LRRFS分别为84.8%与85.4%、76.2%与77.0%、80.4%与81.3%、89.8%与90.6%(P均>0.05)。第8版分期3个亚组的OS、PFS和DMFS均不同(P均<0.001);G1与 G2、G1与G3也不同(P均<0.05),G2与G3间相近(P=0.183、0.310、0.248)。结论 第8版AJCC/UICC分期系统对临床Ⅲ期病例的分布特点及临床终点相对于第7版变化不大,亚组间仍有明显的组内生存风险分布差异,其中N2对Ⅲ期患者的生存风险评估起到主要作用。可能在IMRT联合化疗时代局部肿瘤对预后的影响已经减弱,第8版分期系统仍然有改进的空间。     

Discussion of the 8th edition of AJCC/UICC staging system from the clinical stage Ⅲ nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Objective To evaluate the 8^th edition of AJCC/UICC staging system for stage Ⅲ nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by the survival analysis. All patients were treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Methods Among 1351 treatment-naïve NPC patients who received radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy in our hospital from December 2008 to October 2014, 742 and 784 cases were classified as clinical stage Ⅲ based on the criteria of the 7^th and 8^th edition of AJCC/UICC staging systems, respectively. These patients were classified into three subgroups according to the 7^th and 8^th edition of AJCC/UICC staging systems:T3N0-1 as G1(n=226, n=245), T1-2N2 as G2(n=180, n=187) and T3N2 as G3(n=336, n=352). The 5-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and local-regional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier method. The differences among different groups were evaluated by log-rank test. Results There were 93.6% patients evaluated by the 8^th AJCC/UICC staging system remained the same cohort with those by the 7^th AJCC/UICC staging system. The 5-year OS, PFS, DMFS and LRRFS of the 8^th and 7^th staging systems were 84.8% and 85.4%, 76.2% and 77.0%, 80.4% and 81.3%, 89.8% and 90.6%, respectively (all P>0.05). The OS, PFS or DMFS significantly differed among three subgroups classified by the 8^th staging system (all P<0.001). In addition, statistical significance was observed between G1 and G2, and between G1 and G3(both P<0.05), whereas no statistical significance was noted between G2 and G3(P=0.183, 0.310, 0.248). Conclusions The distribution features and clinical endpoints of clinical stage Ⅲ defined by the 8^th AJCC/UICC staging system are similar to those defined by the 7^th AJCC/UICC staging system. The distribution of survival risk significantly differs among different subgroups. N2 plays a major role in assessing the survival risk of patients with stage Ⅲ NPC. In the era of IMRT plus chemotherapy, the effect of local tumors on clinical prognosis has been diminished. The 8^th AJCC/UICC staging system remains to be further improved.     

1093例初治鼻咽癌的疗效和预后分析

目的 报道21世纪初中山大学肿瘤防治中心初治鼻咽癌的放疗现状及比较不同放疗技术对预后和生存质量的影响.方法 对根治性放疗的1093例初治鼻咽癌患者的资料进行回顾性分析.按2002年UICC分期标准,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳa+Ⅳb期分别为63、439、358、233例.812例采用X线透视模拟定位常规设野放疗(CR),155例采用CT模拟定位常规设野放疗(CT-sim CR),69例采用三维适形放疗(3DCRT),57例采用调强放疗(IMRT).放疗鼻咽部中位剂量为70 Gy.结果 全组5年局部控制率、区域控制率和无远处转移率分别为86.8%、95.3%和83.2%,5年无进展生存率和总生存率分别为66.9%和77.9%.CR、CT-sim CR、3DCRT、IMRT组5年总生存率和局部控制率分别为75.9%、83.5%、87.2%、86.6%(P=0.014)和84.5%、96.4%、91.0%、91.7%(P=0.006).3DCRT、IMRT组口干和张口困难发生率和程度较CR、CT-sim CR组明显减低(P=0.000和0.023).结论 采用CT模拟定位、3DCRT及IMRT技术能提高局部控制率和生存率,且3DCRT和IMRT技术能提高患者生活质量.     

The additional value of chemotherapy to radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis of the published literature.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the additional value of neoadjuvant, concurrent, and/or adjuvant chemotherapy to radiation in the treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with regard to the overall survival (OS) and the incidence of local-regional recurrences (LRR) and distant metastases (DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: To be eligible, full published studies had to deal with biopsy-proven NPC and have patients randomly assigned to receive conventional radiotherapy (66 to 70 Gy in 7 weeks) or radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. RESULTS: Ten randomized clinical studies were identified, including 2,450 patients. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) of death for all studies was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.95; P = .01) corresponding to an absolute survival benefit of 4% after 5 years. Three categories of trials were defined according to the sequence of chemotherapy, including neoadjuvant chemotherapy, at least concomitant chemoradiotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy. A significant interaction term (P = .02) was found among these three categories. The largest effect was found for concomitant chemotherapy, with a pooled HR of 0.48 (95% CI, 0.32 to 0.72), which corresponds to a survival benefit of 20% after 5 years. Comparable results were found for the incidence of LRR and DM. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that concomitant chemotherapy in addition to radiation is probably the most effective way to improve OS in NPC.     

Papillary thyroid carcinoma: prognostic factors and the role of radioiodine and external radiotherapy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of radioiodine and external radiotherapy treatment in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS AND MATERIALS: This is a retrospective study of 842 patients with the diagnosis of PTC registered from 1960 to 1997 at the Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong. The mean follow-up was 9.2 years. The stage distribution according to UICC/AJCC TNM staging was as follows: 58.6%, Stage I; 9.6%, Stage II; 26.1%, Stage III; 2.3%, Stage IV; and 3.4%, not stated. RESULTS: The 10-year cause-specific survival (CSS) rates were as follows: Stage I, 99.8%; Stage II, 91.8%; Stage III, 77.4%; and Stage IV, 37.1%. Multivariate analysis showed that the statistically significant poor prognostic factors for CSS were as follows: age older than 45, postoperative gross locoregional (LR) residual disease, distant metastasis (DM) at presentation, and lack of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment. In patients with no DM and no postoperative LR disease, adjuvant RAI ablation reduced both LR failure (RR [relative risk] = 0.29) and DM (RR = 0.2), although the CSS was not affected. In the subgroup of T1N0 M0 disease, no patient with RAI treatment had a relapse. External radiotherapy reduced the risk of LR failure to 0.35. Subgroup analysis revealed that external radiotherapy was particularly effective in increasing the probability of LR control of disease in patients with gross postoperative LR disease (RR = 0.36). CONCLUSIONS: Both RAI and external radiotherapy were effective treatment in PTC. Total or near-total thyroidectomy followed by RAI treatment appears to result in the best outcome. External radiotherapy to improve LR control is indicated in patients with gross postoperative residual disease. Treatment should be individualized for patients with T1N0 M0 disease.     

Radiotherapy alone in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal cancer: comparison with an intergroup study. Is combined modality treatment really necessary?

PURPOSE: To examine the outcome of radiotherapy (RT) alone in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) and to compare the results with those reported by the Intergroup study 0099 (IGS) comparing RT to combined modality therapy (CMT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the period 1985-1992, 198 NPC patients presenting without distant metastatic disease were treated for cure. Of these, 172 had stage III/IV (UICC 1987, 1992). Planned RT was 2 Gy/day fraction to 60-66 Gy to the primary tumor, with 50 and 60 Gy to the node negative and to palpable nodes, respectively. Outcomes included overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), defined from the time of registration at our institution. RESULTS: The TNM categories and other prognostic factors were similar to the IGS, though 80% had stage IV compared to 91% in IGS. The 5 year OS and DFS for the 172 patients with stage III/IV disease were 62 and 48%, respectively, as compared to the IGS results of OS 37% and DFS 29% for RT alone, and OS 67% and DFS 58% for the CMT arm of IGS. When the distribution of adverse prognostic factors was balanced between both studies the comparative results were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: The early results for RT alone of this single institution experience are superior to those of the IGS control arm (RT), while somewhat inferior to those reported in the chemo-radiotherapy arm. The surprisingly poor outcome of the IGS/RT control arm may have resulted by chance, suggesting the need for a confirmatory randomized trial to fully establish the role of combined chemotherapy and radiation, as used in the IGS.     

鼻咽癌合并皮肌炎12例临床分析

目的：探讨鼻咽癌合并皮肌炎的患者大量服用强的松对放疗疗效的影响。方法：治疗组：12例合并皮肌炎的鼻咽癌患者接受常规放射治疗,同时服用较大剂量的强的松。对照组：同期12例单纯鼻咽癌患者接受常规放射治疗,分别与治疗组病例配对比为对照。2组病例在性别、年龄、临床分期和放疗方法上无显著性差异。结果：治疗组1、3、5年生存率分别为91．7％、66．7％和33．3％;对照组分别为100．0％、75．0％和50．0％（P＞0．05）。治疗组死亡8例,其中死于鼻咽癌癌复发3例,远处癌转移4例,重度皮肌炎1例;对照组死亡6例,其中死于鼻咽癌癌复发2例,远处癌转移4例（P＞0．05）。结论：合并皮肌炎的鼻咽癌的放疗疗效与单 鼻咽癌的放疗疗效相近;鼻咽癌合并皮肌炎的患者大量服用强的松未明显增加鼻咽癌复发及远处转移的发生。     

第7版UICC或AJCC鼻咽癌分期的IMRT验证研究

目的 验证第7版 UICC或AJCC 鼻咽癌分期系统在以MR为分期手段、IMRT为基础综合治疗策略下的合理性及适用性。方法 回顾分析2007—2011年间在本院经MRI分期和IMRT治疗的 720例初诊M₀期鼻咽癌患者的生存及失败情况,评价T、N分期对预测患者生存及失败的可靠性。Kaplan-Meier计算生存率,Logrank法检验差异,Cox模型多因素预后分析。结果 第7版 UICC或AJCC 鼻咽癌T分期是OS、CSS、DFS和DMFS的影响因素(P=0.013、0.025、0.001、0.002),但T₁、T₂、T₃期间相近(P=0.054~0.626)。从局部复发和远转风险来看,T₃与T₂期非常接近(P=0.796)。N分期是DFS、DMFS的影响因素(P=0.005,0.000)。但N₀和N₁期间相近(P=0.549、0.707)。在N₀—N₁期中也未发现单纯咽后淋巴结转移对OS、DFS和DMFS有影响(P=0.360、0.083、0.062)。结论 第7版UICC或AJCC鼻咽癌分期系统对经MRI分期和IMRT的鼻咽癌患者预后仍有较好预测价值,但有进一步优化的空间。     

148例儿童及青少年鼻咽癌疗效及预后因素分析

目的 分析儿童及青少年鼻咽癌的临床特征,治疗疗效及预后因素.方法 1990-2009年收治的20岁以下鼻咽癌患者148例,1992年福州分期Ⅱ期11例,Ⅲ期48例,Ⅳ期88例,1例分期不明;国际抗癌联盟2002年分期Ⅱ期8例,Ⅲ期58例,Ⅳ期81例,1例分期不明.单纯放疗94例,放疗和化疗综合治疗54例.结果 中位随诊时间为44.5个月.全组5年总生存率、局部控制率和无远处转移生存率分别为82.9%、85.1%、78.6%.42例治疗后失败,16例局部区域复发,29例远处转移,其中3例同时出现局部区域复发和远处转移,骨转移为最常见的部位.单因素分析显示T4期、鼻咽剂量<70 Gy是总生存率的不良预后因素(X2=4.08、5.61、5.30,P:0.043、0.018、0.021),鼻咽剂量<70 Gy是局部控制率的不良预后因素(X2=7.32,P=0.007),病史≥6个月是无远转生存率的不良预后因素(X2=4.24,P=0.039).多因素分析显示国际抗癌联盟2002年分期T4期、鼻咽剂量<70 Gy是5年总生存率的独立预后因素(X2=5.73、5.56,P=0.017、0.018),鼻咽剂量<70 Gy是局部控制率的独立预后因素(X2=5.81,P=0.016).结论 儿童及青少年鼻咽癌治疗疗效好,放疗剂量可与成年人相同,减少远处转移和减少严重晚期不良反应将是以后努力的目标.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics,outcome and prognostic factom of adolescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Between Jan 1990 and Dec 2009,totally 148 pathological confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)patients with age≤20 years were treated in our hospital,including stage Ⅱ 8,stage Ⅲ 58,stage Ⅳ 81,and unknown 1 when restaged by TNM system(UICC 2002),ninty-four(63.5%)patients were treated with radiotherapy alone,54(36.5%)patients were treated with radiotherapy combined with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.Results The median follow-up time for all patients was 44.5 months.The 5-year overall survival(OS),local-regional control(LRC)and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS)rateswere 82.9%,85.1%and 78.6%.There were 42 patients(28.4%)failed with 16 regional recurrence and 29 distant metastasis,and 3 with both;bone metastasis was the most common site of distant metastasis(22/29).In univariate analysis,the adverse prognostic factors for OS were stage T4(X2=5.61,P=0.018),radiation dose<70 Gy(X2=5.30,P=0.021),for LRC was radiation dose<70 Gy and for distant metastasis-free survival was the disease history≥6month(X2=4.24,P=0.039).In multivariate analysis,radiation dose<70 Gy and stage T4 were the independent prognostic factors for OS(X2=5.73、5.56,P=0.017、0.018),for LRC was radiation dose<70 Gy(X2=5.81,P=0.016).Conclusions The outcome of the present series was excellent,total nagopharyngeal radiation dose less than 70 Gy is inappropriate.Reduce the distant metastasis and late toxicities were the future direction for the treatment of adolescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值对鼻咽癌放射敏感性及预后影响的研究

目的 观察中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)对鼻咽癌放射敏感性及预后影响,探讨其与临床特征之间关系和意义。方法 2006—2011年于中山大学肿瘤防治中心收治的初诊鼻咽癌患者266例入组。分析疗前NLR与放疗剂量20、40、60 Gy及放疗结束后3个月时鼻咽癌疗效关系,及对鼻咽癌患者OS、LRF、DMF率的影响。Kaplan-Meier法计算并Logrank法检验。结果 在不同T分期、性别之间,NLR不同(P=0.039、0.032)。NLR≤3患者OS、LRF、DMF率均明显高于NLR>3者(P=0.004、0.025、0.045)。随着NLR逐渐升高鼻咽癌患者放疗敏感性逐渐降低,较敏感组和中等敏感组差异显著(P=0.043)。在放疗剂量为40 Gy时,肿瘤消退组NLR较肿瘤残余组低(P=0.025)。结论 鼻咽癌患者疗前NLR升高是影响预后的不利因素,NLR为鼻咽癌预后评估提供了简单实用的方法。     

基于IMRT时代的第八版AJCC/UICC鼻咽癌临床分期建议

本文首次发表在Cancer,2016,122(4):546-558.

目的 准确的分期系统对癌症的治疗至关重要。随着癌症分期和治疗方法的演变,需要不断评价分期的适用性和改进性。方法 基于第7版AJCC/UICC分期回顾性分析香港和中国大陆2个肿瘤中心收治的 1609例接受调强放射治疗的首诊无转移鼻咽癌患者临床资料,所有患者治疗前均行核磁共振分期评估。结果 无其他T₃、T₄期解剖结构受侵患者中,伴有咀嚼肌间隙(翼内肌和/或翼外肌)侵犯、椎前肌侵犯及咽旁间隙侵犯的三组患者之间OS相近。伴广泛软组织(上述侵犯结构以外的软组织)受侵患者OS与伴有颅内侵犯或颅神经侵犯相似。仅2%患者锁骨上窝以上淋巴结转移者直径>6 cm,其OS率与下颈淋巴结转移者类似。用下颈(环状软骨尾侧缘水平以下)代替锁骨上窝并不影响N分期之间的风险差异性。采用推荐的T、N分期,T₄N_0-2、T_1-4N₃期OS相近。结论 经AJCC/UICC分期筹备委员会审阅后,建议第8版分期应将翼内肌/翼外肌从T₄降到T₂期,增加椎前肌为T₂期,用下颈取代锁骨上窝,将淋巴结最大直径>6 cm合并归为N₃期,将T₄、N₃期统一归为Ⅳ_A期。这些改变不仅使得相邻分期间风险差异性更好,而且使得临床实践性与全球适用性之间达到最佳平衡。     

西妥昔单抗联合适形调强放疗和化疗治疗鼻咽癌的临床分析

目的：：分析西妥昔单抗联合适形调强放疗和化疗治疗鼻咽癌的临床疗效,毒性反应和预后因素。方法：纳入2006年3月至2011年3月在我院初治,无远处转移的Ⅱ～Ⅳ期鼻咽癌共72例。西妥昔单抗初始剂量为400 mg／m2,之后为每周250 mg／m2。所有患者接受适形调强放疗,接受诱导和／或同步化疗。结果：中位随访60.5月（5～110月）。全组患者3年、5年无局部区域复发生存率（local regional recurrence-free survival,LRRFS）、无远处转移生存率（distant metastasis free-survival ,DMFS）、无进展生存率（progression-free survival,PFS）;总生存率（overall survival,OS）分别为86.1％,75.4％;79.2％,67.9％;77.8％,66.7％和88.9％,76.7％。Ⅱ～Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期患者的5年 PFS 及 OS 分别为83.3％,97.1％和51.7％,58.3％。4例患者出现局部区域复发,共有17例患者出现远处转移。死亡14例患者中8例死于单纯远处转移。单因素分析显示肿瘤分期为 PFS 和 OS 的预后因素（P ＝0.0146,P＝0.0021）。分别有62.5％和4.2％患者发生3和4级口腔粘膜炎。14例患者出现颞叶损伤。结论：西妥昔单抗联合 IMRT 加化疗治疗鼻咽癌的临床疗效较好,毒性反应可耐受。值得扩大样本量以及开展前瞻性随机对照试验进一步研究。     

1837例鼻咽癌疗效的回顾性分析

目的 总结我院鼻咽癌常规放疗的疗效和经验.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2003年12月收治的1837例经病理证实的初治鼻咽癌患者.年龄8～87岁(48岁),男1403例,女434例,男:女=3.2:1.1992年福州分期T1、T2、T3、T3期分别为364、995、274、204例,N0、N1、N2、N3期分别为412、801、514、110例.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、ⅣA、ⅣB期分别为77、777、668、291、24例.959例局部晚期患者中,单纯放疗363例,综合治疗596例.855例接受以顺铂为基础化疗.鼻咽原发病灶主要采用60Coγ线、6MV X线常规分割照射,1.8～2.0 Gy/次,总剂量30.6～74.0 Gy.常规放疗结束后如鼻咽镜或CT提示有肿瘤残存者,则通过耳后野、颅底野、后装及适形加量6～20 Gy.颈部放射源用60Coγ线、180 kV X线和9 MeV电子束,N0期患者仅照射上颈部,有颈部转移者照射全颈.预防总剂量50～56 Gy,根治总剂量60～68 Gy.结果 中位随访54个月,5年总生存率、无瘤生存率、无复发生存率、无远处转移生存率分别为67.42%、63.25%、86.47%和80.31%.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、ⅣA、ⅣB期的5年生存率分别为88%、74.8%、65.9%、52.4%、20%.Ⅲ+ⅣA期959例中单纯放疗、综合治疗的5年生存率分别为63.7%和60.7%(P=0.216).Ⅲ期668例中单纯放疗(279例)和综合治疗(389例)的5年生存率分别为65.2%和66.5%(P=0.810).单因素分析显示与总的牛存有关的因素有性别、T分期、N分期、M分期、92福州分期、贫血、治疗前LDH水平、化疗、后装治疗及面颈联合野.多因素Cox回归分析显示性别、T分期、N分期、92福州分期与总生存有关.结论 鼻咽癌常规治疗5年生存率达67.4%,总生存与性别、T分期、N分期、M分期、福州分期、贫血等有关.     

放射治疗对转移性鼻咽癌生存的影响——基于SEER数据库的回顾性研究

目的 探讨放疗对转移性鼻咽癌(NPC)患者生存的影响及其相关预后因素分析。方法 利用SEER数据库搜索并筛选2010-2015年初诊为转移性NPC患者329例,回顾分析329例患者的病历资料(199例接受放疗,130例未接受放疗)。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线计算总生存(OS)及疾病特异性生存(DSS),采用Logrank检验及Cox回归分析评估不同临床病理因素对转移性NPC患者预后影响。结果 中位随访时间为12个月,3、5年OS率分别为27.4%、19.7%,中位OS期17.9个月。单因素分析结果显示,年龄<50岁、男性、病理未分化型、T3或T4分期、区域淋巴结阳性、脑或肝转移、转移脏器个数1~2个的患者放疗3年后OS及DSS获益。采用倾向得分匹配后单因素及多因素回归分析结果显示,放疗是转移性NPC的独立预后影响因素(OS,P=0.004;DSS,P=0.014)。多因素回归分析结果还显示,60~69岁(OS,P=0.033;DSS,P=0.045)、角化性鳞状细胞癌(OS,P<0.05;DSS,P<0.050)、T4期(OS,P=0.002;DSS,P=0.024)、1~2个(OS,P=0.039;DSS,P=0.058)及3~4个(OS,P=0.003;DSS,P=0.005)脏器转移、未接受化疗(OS,P=0.000;DSS,P=0.000)的患者预后差,而性别、人种、分化程度对OS及DSS无影响。结论 放疗可显著改善转移性NPC患者的OS及DSS。放疗在转移性NPC治疗中的作用机制还需前瞻性随机对照研究进一步明确。     

Patterns of failure following radiation with and without chemotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

PURPOSE: Aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate patterns of failure, results, and prognostic factors for patients with nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) following radiotherapy (RT) with and without concurrent chemotherapy (RCT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1978 and 1999, a total of 101 patients with NPC were treated in our hospital, of whom 53 received external megavoltage RT alone with a median total dose of 76 Gy (1978-1988), and 48 patients had RCT (1989-1999). For RCT a combination of 5-FU and cisplatin was used together with a median total dose of 72 Gy. Patterns of relapse, survival rates and toxicity as well as prognostic factors were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: RCT was associated with a marked reduction in distant metastases: 6/48 (13%) vs. 17/53 (32%) after RT alone. Locoregional tumor persistence was only marginally lower with RCT: 10/48 (21%) vs. 17/53 (32%) following RT. Patients with RCT demonstrated a survival advantage compared to those with RT alone (5-year overall survival (OS): 64% vs. 44%, p = 0.1). OS, disease-specific survival and locoregional control rates were 53, 57, and 78% at 5 years and 47, 51 and 78% at 10 years, respectively. OS was significantly affected by histology (p = 0.007), the patients' age (p = 0.009) and gender (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: This retrospective study provides further evidence that both reduction of distant metastasis and enhanced local tumor control by combined radiochemotherapy may be associated with improved survival rates in NPC compared to radiation alone. Concurrent RCT is therefore considered the preferable treatment option, however, confirmation in randomized trials is still warranted.