高效液相色谱法测定康妇舒软胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的建立测定康妇舒软胶囊中盐酸小檗碱含量的方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法进行分析,色谱柱为AlltimaC18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(50∶50)为流动相,流速1.0 ml/min,检测波长348 nm,柱温40℃。结果盐酸小檗碱在1-10μg/ml(r=0.999 8)范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为100.46%(RSD=2.34%)。结论所建立的高效液相色谱法操作简单,结果准确,可用于康妇舒软胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定。     

HPLC法检测茵陈五苓散中3种有效成分的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析方法测定茵陈五苓散中绿原酸、新绿原酸、异绿原酸A的含量。方法:水煎法制备茵陈五苓散溶液。采用HPLC法检测茵陈五苓散溶液中3种成分新绿原酸、绿原酸、异绿原酸A的含量,并进行方法学考察。选用Agilent HC-C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,体积流量1 ml/min,紫外检测器检测波长327 nm,进样量10μl。结果:新绿原酸在0.66～6.56μg/ml、绿原酸在5.61～56.10μg/ml、异绿原酸A在1.22～12.15μg/ml范围内线性关系良好。重复性实验(n=6)新绿原酸、绿原酸、异绿原酸A的RSD分别为2.11%、1.65%、1.84%;日内/日间精密度实验RSD均0.87%;稳定性实验RSD均0.60%;3种成分的平均加样回收率分别为102.66%、101.68%、100.96%,RSD分别为1.30%、1.90%、0.97%,均符合测定要求。测得制备的3批茵陈五苓散溶液中新绿原酸、绿原酸和异绿原酸A的平均含量分别为30.790、120.104、51.812μg/ml。结论:该方法操作简便,重复性和稳定性好,精密度高,适用于茵陈五苓散中以上成分的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定不同产地刺五加根、茎中绿原酸的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定三种产地的刺五加根、茎中绿原酸的含量。方法用50%甲醇回流提取绿原酸;色谱柱:Kromasil ODS柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相:乙睛—0.1%磷酸水溶液(0～5min,10︰90;5～23min,10︰90～15︰85);流速:0.8ml/min;检测波长:254nm。结果刺五加中绿原酸的线性范围为2.208～11.04μg/ml(r=0.996);平均回收率为97.5%,RSD为2.61%。结论 HPLC测定方法操作简便、准确、重复性好,为刺五加药用成分的含量测定及其制剂的质量控制提供研究基础。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定黄龙胶囊中4种成分的含量

目的建立同时测定黄龙胶囊中4种蒽醌成分含量的方法,提高已有标准。方法采用Aglient XDBC18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),甲醇-0.05%磷酸(86:14)为流动相,流速:1.0 ml/min,柱温:35℃,检测波长:254 nm。结果芦荟大黄素在16.28～162.8μg/ml(r=0.9994),大黄酸在10.25～102.5μg/ml(r=0.9997),大黄素在10.89～108.9μg/ml(r=0.9996),大黄酚在14.95～149.5μg/ml(r=0.9999)线性良好;平均回收率分别为98.9%(RSD=0.67%)、99.3%(RSD=1.56%)、101.5%(RSD=2.53%)、100.9%(RSD=0.40%)。结论该方法简便、可靠、准确,可用于黄龙胶囊的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定复方羊角软胶囊中阿魏酸的含量

目的:建立复方羊角软胶囊含量测定方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,用阿魏酸为对照品,以甲醇-1%冰醋酸(37∶63)为流动相,流速1.0ml/min,色谱柱为C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),检测波长为320nm。结果:阿魏酸检测线性范围为6￣60μg/ml,r=0.9995,平均回收率为100.3%,RSD=1.68%(n=9)。结论:该方法分离度好,准确,重现性好,可作为复方羊角软胶囊中阿魏酸的含量测定方法。     

HPLC法同时测定承德产山楂叶4种成分的含量

目的：：建立高效液相色谱法同时测定承德产山楂叶中牡荆素葡萄糖苷、牡荆素鼠李糖苷、金丝桃苷和槲皮素含量的方法。方法：色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相为0.5%甲酸水-乙腈-甲醇-四氢呋喃溶液,梯度洗脱;流速1.0ml/min;检测波长370nm;柱温30℃。结果：牡荆素葡萄糖苷、牡荆素鼠李糖苷、金丝桃苷和槲皮素的线性范围分别为9.38-300μg/ml、15.9-510μg/ml、4.51-144μg/ml、0.28-9.0μg/ml;平均加样回收率分别为100.2%(RSD=1.8%)、99.6%(RSD=1.5%)、99.4%(RSD=2.0%)、100.8%(RSD=1.5%)。结论：含量测定结果显示不同产地山楂叶中四种黄酮类成分含量的差异较大(RSD为9.98-31.39%）。     

HPLC测定葛根宝软胶囊中葛根素和大豆苷元的含量

目的:采用HPLC法测定葛根宝软胶囊中葛根素和大豆苷元的含量。方法:色谱柱为Kromasil C18柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);甲醇-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱;流速1.0 ml/min;检测波长250 nm;柱温为40℃。结果:葛根素在0.21～1.40μg、大豆苷元在0.03～0.20μg范围内呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率分别为100.7%和99.6%,RSD分别为0.8%和1.6%。结论:本法简便、准确,能有效地控制该制剂的质量。     

HPLC波长切换法同时测定穴位敷贴方3种成分的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)波长切换法同时测定穴位敷贴方中芥子碱硫氰酸盐、6-姜辣素、细辛脂素含量。方法:采用HPLC法检测穴位敷贴方中芥子碱硫氰酸盐、6-姜辣素、细辛脂素含量,并进行方法学考察。选用Agilent ZORBAX Extend-C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液(三乙胺调节pH 7.0)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温40℃,流速1.0 ml/min,紫外检测器0～17 min检测波长为326 nm,17～50 min切换波长为280 nm,进样量10μl。结果:芥子碱硫氰酸盐在2.789～178.5μg/ml、6-姜辣素在2.508～160.5μg/ml、细辛脂素在1.134～72.60μg/ml范围内线性关系良好;重复性实验,芥子碱硫氰酸盐、6-姜辣素、细辛脂素的RSD分别为1.20%、1.02%、0.69%;精密度实验,三者的RSD分别为0.50%、0.93%、0.90%;稳定性实验,三者的RSD分别为1.23%、1.05%、1.26%;三者的平均加样回收率分别为100.63%、98.44%、98.87%,RSD分别为2.00%、1.20%、1.10%,均符合测定要求。测得不同配比的组方中3种成分的含量存在明显差异。结论:该方法精密度高,重复性和稳定性好,可用于穴位敷贴方中以上成分的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定七味葡萄散中桂皮醛的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱测定七味葡萄散中桂皮醛含量的方法。方法采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse SB-C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)分析色谱柱;流动相为5%乙腈(含3%冰醋酸)-乙腈(27∶73);流速为1.0 ml/min;检测波长为285 nm。结果桂皮醛保留时间为10.4 min,与相邻峰的分离度大于1.5。以峰面积对进样浓度(μg/ml)进行线性回归分析,回归方程:Y=0.01049X-2.194,r=0.9998,线性范围19.40～242.5μg/ml,回收率为97.9%,RSD为1.3%。结论本方法操作简便,测定结果准确可靠,可用于七味葡萄散中桂皮醛的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定小金丸软胶囊中阿魏酸的含量

目的:建立小金丸软胶囊中阿魏酸的HPLC含量测定方法.方法:采用DiamonsilTM C18(4.6×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为甲醇:1%醋酸水溶液(25:75),流速为1.0ml/min,柱温25℃,检测波长为320nm.结果:阿魏酸在3～18μg/ml与其峰面积线性关系良好,回归方程为Y=100708.7X 24(r=0.9991),平均回收率为100.6%(RSD=1.86%,n=5).结论:该方法灵敏度高,准确,重现性好,可作为小金丸软胶囊中阿魏酸含量测定方法.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.