种植牙——21世纪镶牙新概念

"种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆"的道理谁都知道,然而种牙真的可以得牙吗? 种植方式是利用外科手术在颌骨内植入一种仿生纯钛金属牙根(种植体),然后在金属牙根上安装一个瓷牙冠.种植牙有许多传统假牙无可比拟的优点:植牙后牙床、牙龈就不会像缺牙时快速萎缩,不磨牙或少磨相邻的好牙,固位稳定性极佳,可以最大限度恢复咀嚼功能,且体积小,不露金属,有利于口腔卫生舒适,有真牙般的感觉,是目前世界上最先进的技术.     

种植牙——21世纪镶牙新概念

“种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆”的道理谁都知道,然而种牙真的可以得牙吗?种植方式是利用外科手术在颌骨内植入一种仿生纯钛金属牙根(种植体),然后在金属牙根上安装一个瓷牙冠。种植牙有许多传统假牙无可比拟的优点:植牙后牙床、牙龈就不会像缺牙时快速萎缩,不磨牙或少磨相邻的好牙,固位稳定性极佳,可以最大限度恢复咀嚼功能,且体积小,不露金属,有利于口腔卫生,舒适,有真牙般的感觉,是目前世界上最先进的技术。     

21世纪新概念——饮食跟着基因走

您知道21世纪,除了粮食作物、动物食品、蔬菜水果外,还有一种最富有时代魅力,最具高科技色彩的食品——基因重组食品吗?     

21世纪老年男性健康

社会老龄化人数的增加,以及对性、老化和健康相互关系的深入理解,使老年男性健康日益受到关注。正确认识老化进程中的生理现象,如体内激素水平的变化、身体构造的改变、肌肉含量和骨密度(BMD)的降低等,以及早期发现和治疗与老化相关疾病,如认知功能丧失、抑郁、性功能障碍等,可以有效地降低老年男性的患病率和死亡率,提高他们的生活质量。     

21世纪健康教育发展趋势

近几十年,全球性的健康促进和健康教育正迅猛发展。一个以医疗、预防、保健、康复、健康教育为一体的医疗服务正逐步形成。迎接新世纪初健康教育四大发展主题—平等、权利、环境和经济,将是我们探索的新问题,实现人人享有卫生保健这个全球性理想,将是我们追求的最高目标。1 健康教育是迎接新世纪的挑战和机遇 21世纪人们将在民主、自由、福利等方面享有越来越多的社会平等,那时健康将是人们追求的更高目标。因此,要建立健康促进氛围,使健康教育和健康促进跻身于基本国策,以“实现2000年人人享有卫生保健”的目标,护理工作者必须面向社会,奋力担起全球性健     

21世纪老年男性健康

社会老龄化人数的增加，以及对性、老化和健康相互关系的深入理解，使老年男性健康日益受到关注。正确认识老化进程中的生理现象，如体内激素水平的变化、身体构造的改变、肌肉含量和骨密度(BMD)的降低等，以及早期发现和治疗与老化相关疾病，如认知功能丧失、抑郁、性功能障碍等，可以有效地降低老年男性的患病率和死亡率，提高他们的生活质量。     

21世纪的健康标准

21世纪的卫生服务是什么样子的?这种卫生服务如何筹资?由谁做出决定?这是最近在Seoul National大学召开的一次会议上,为制定21世纪全球健康标准而进行的讨论中提出的问题。 如果健康这个词的概念是在不断变化的话,那么就有必要讨论一下它的变化范围,包括它在卫生系统内可能引起的变化。因为在既往对健康这个词所规定的概念,已经不能适应变化的形式了。 WHO西太区办事处主任韩相泰先生在他的讲话中强调:“一种与健康和疾病干预相关的卫生保健一揽子计划在未来必须得到发展。”此外,卫生政策制定者和卫生计划人员面临着来自多方面的挑战:即在这种一揽子计划中,如何解决包括疾病预     

21世纪老年男性健康

社会老龄化人数的增加，以及对性、老化和健康相互关系的深入理解，使老年男性健康日益受到关注。正确认识老化进程中的生理现象，如体内激素水平的变化、身体构造的改变、肌肉含量和骨密度（BMD）的降低等，以及早期发现和治疗与老化相关疾病，如认知功能丧失、抑郁、性功能障碍等，可以有效地降低老年男性的患病率和死亡率，提高他们的生活质量。     

Healthcare Marketing in the 21st Century

No abstract available for this article.     

Overview of the conference "Vitamin D and Health in the 21st Century: an Update"

We summarize the key findings, strength of the evidence, and research needs identified in the National Institutes of Health conference "Vitamin D and Health in the 21st Century: an Update," which was held in September 2007; a systematic evidence-based review; and a National Institutes of Health roundtable discussion held after the conference by scientists with relevant expertise. The evidence-based review addressed 5 questions on 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and functional outcomes across the life cycle and response to exposure, bone health outcomes of supplementation, risks and benefits of sun exposure, and adverse outcomes. These questions also framed the conference and roundtable discussions. Researchers have made considerable progress in understanding the relation of 25(OH)D to bone health outcomes in the elderly and in postmenopausal women, but we know less about its impact on other stages of the life cycle and in racial and ethnic groups. Limitations of the existing data include the failure of many studies to control for important confounders [baseline 25(OH)D concentration, skin pigmentation, body mass index, compliance, etc], sparse data on key vulnerable populations (dark-skinned persons, reproducing women, infants, children, and adolescents), problems of accuracy and excessive variability in measuring 25(OH)D, lack of established relation of 25(OH)D with functional outcomes except in the elderly, and limited information on the effects of vitamin D independent of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate. Future research should determine and validate across the life cycle relevant functional outcomes for bone and other health factors as well as adverse outcomes for the biomarker of exposure, 25(OH)D, to enable assessment of the role of vitamin D status in health maintenance and disease prevention.     

纳米技术在21世纪现代医学科技领域中的应用

纳米技术，作为20世纪90年代发展起来的一门新兴科技，在现代医学科技领域中得以了广泛应用，它对生物医学工程方面的渗透和影响是前所未有的，对生命科学的研究和发展会起到决定性作用。纳米技术将掀起21世纪新的产业革命。     

Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnant Ukrainian Women: Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Vitamin D Status

Objective: Heavy alcohol consumption can alter vitamin D status; however, the relationships between alcohol consumption and vitamin D concentrations in pregnant women have not been well studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the vitamin D status in a population of alcohol-exposed (N = 180) and low/unexposed control (N = 179) Ukrainian pregnant women.

Methods: Women who attended prenatal care facilities in 2 regions of Ukraine (Rivne and Khmelnytsky) for a routine prenatal visit were screened for the study. At the time of enrollment (20.4 ± 7.0 weeks of gestation), blood samples and alcohol consumption data (during a typical week around conception and the most recent 2 weeks) were collected. Vitamin D status was assessed by 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations.

Results: A high prevalence of suboptimal vitamin D status in pregnant Ukrainian women was observed. Overall, 50.1% and 33.4% of the women were classified as vitamin D deficient [25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL] or insufficient [25(OH)D ≥ 20 ng/mL and ≤30 ng/mL], respectively, based on 2011 Endocrine Society guidelines. Alcohol-exposed women had significantly lower 25(OH)D concentrations than low/unexposed women in Spring (p = 0.006) and Winter (p = 0.022). When vitamin D concentrations were grouped into sunny season (Summer + Fall) compared to not sunny season (Winter + Spring), there was a significant ethanol by season interaction (p = 0.0028), with alcohol-drinking women having lower circulating vitamin D compared to low/unexposed women in seasons of low sun availability.

Conclusions: These data suggest that when vitamin D concentrations are generally low (e.g., during seasons of low sun availability), alcohol consumption during pregnancy has a negative impact on vitamin D status.     

Vitamin D: Current Challenges between the Laboratory and Clinical Practice

Vitamin D is a micronutrient with pleiotropic effects in humans. Due to sedentary lifestyles and increasing time spent indoors, a growing body of research is revealing that vitamin D deficiency is a global problem. Despite the routine measurement of vitamin D in clinical laboratories and many years of efforts, methods of vitamin D analysis have yet to be standardized and are burdened with significant difficulties. This review summarizes several key analytical and clinical challenges that accompany the current methods for measuring vitamin D. According to an external quality assessment, methods and laboratories still produce a high degree of variability. Structurally similar metabolites are a source of significant interference. Furthermore, there is still no consensus on the normal values of vitamin D in a healthy population. These and other problems discussed herein can be a source of inconsistency in the results of research studies.