降钙素原与C反应蛋白在新生儿感染性疾病早期诊断中的意义

目的：探讨血清降钙素原（PCT）及c反应蛋白（CRP）测定在新生儿感染性疾病中的意义。方法：检测95例住院新生儿血清PCT值及CRP值。结果：在新生儿感染性疾病时血清PCT值及CRP值均有显著性升高。PCT对于新生儿感染性疾病的敏感性及特异性优于CRP。结论：PCT和CRP的测定对新生儿感染性疾病具有早期诊断的意义。血清PCT可作为新生儿感染的早期检测指标,其作用优于CRP测定和外周血白细胞计数及分类,通过对PCT水平的动态观察,既可早期诊断、及时治疗新生儿感染性疾病,又可判断感染是否被控制。     

三项炎症指标在ICU患者细菌感染诊断中的应用价值

目的比较在ICU细菌感染患者中降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞计数（WBC）及中性粒细胞比率（Ne）在早期诊断中的临床价值。方法选取ICU细菌感染患者75例,分为重症感染组（39例）和局部感染组（36例）,并选取46例非感染组患者作为对照组。比较三组中PCT、CRP、WBC、Ne的差别。结果与对照组比较,重症感染组和局部感染组PCT、CRP、Ne水平明显升高（P〈0．01）,而只有重症感染组WBC水平升高（P〈0．05）;与局部感染组比较,重症感染组PCT、CRP、Ne水平明显升高（P〈0．01）,WBC水平也升高（P〈0．05）。以下面的评价指标,PCT〉0．05μg／L;CRP〉10mg／L;WBC计数〉10×10^9/L;Ne阳性〉70％检测细菌感染,PCT敏感性97．3％,特异性为91．3％;CRP敏感性97．3％,特异性为52．2％;Ne敏感性89．3％,特异性为58．7％;WBC敏感性52％,特异性为67．4％。结论PCT是检测细菌感染的敏感性和特异性最好的指标,CRP敏感性高但特异性较差。故联合监测PCT及CRP的含量可早期诊断ICU重症感染患者。     

PCT、CRP、WBC联合检测对儿童早期细菌感染的诊断价值

目的：探讨血清降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞计数（WBC）3种指标联合检测对儿童早期细菌感染的诊断价值。方法：将受试者分为重症细菌感染组（A组）、局部细菌感染组（B组）、病毒感染组（C组）和健康体检组（D组）;静脉采血测定PCT、CRP、WBC,并比较4组3种指标水平,分析这些指标的诊断敏感性及特异性。结果：A组PCT和CRP明显高于B、C、D组（P〈0．05）,B组PCT和CRP高于C、D组（P〈0．05）,A组WBC与C、D组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,与B组比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;以PCT〉0．5u/L为阈值,诊断重症感染的敏感性为100％,为3种指标中最高;以CRP〉10mg／L为阈值,诊断局部感染的敏感性为85．7％,为3种指标中最高。结论：PCT对重症细菌感染的诊断价值高,对局部细菌感染敏感性不如CRP,WBC对感染的诊断亦有一定的作用。     

血清降钙素原、c反应蛋白、白细胞计数对细菌性感染的诊断价值研究

目的探讨血清降钙素原、C反应蛋白、白细胞计数对细菌性感染的诊断价值,为在细菌性感染的诊断、鉴别诊断及指导临床应用抗生素提供指导依据。方法本研究共收集2008年2月～2012年5月期间我院收治的46例细菌性感染性疾病。48例非细菌感染性疾病及40名健康体检者作为本组研究对象,分别检测各组的血清降钙素原、C反应蛋白、白细胞计数水平及比较各组的阳性率。结果细菌性感染组PCT、CRP、WBC计数均明显高于非细菌性感染组、健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。细菌性感染组PCT阳性率达95．7％,明显高于非细菌性感染组PCT阳性率（12．5％）,差异有极其显著性（P〈0．01）。细菌性感染组CRP阳性率达100．0％,高于非细菌性感染组PCT阳性率（87．5％）,但差异并不存在显著性（P〉0．05）。细菌性感染组WBC阳性率达93．5％,明显高于非细菌性感染组WBC阳性率（4．2％）,差异有极其显著性（P〈0．01）。结论细菌性感染患者的血清降钙素原、C反应蛋白、白细胞计数均明显高于非细菌感染性疾病患者,对细菌性感染患者进行血清降钙素原、C反应蛋白、白细胞计数检测,可以为临床进行早期准确诊断,尽早进行有效合理治疗,取得良好的预后提供有利的参考依据。     

血清降钙素原在呼吸系统感染性疾病中的诊断价值

目的探讨和分析降钙素原（PET）在呼吸系统感染性疾病症状早期诊断与鉴别诊断过程中的应用价值。方法通过免疫化学发光法来测定患者血液中的PCT水平,并将细菌感染组与非细菌感染组患者的血清PCT的检测结果进行对比,计算其对于细菌感染临床诊断的特异性、敏感性、准确诊断指数,并与患者人体外周血白细胞计数与分类计数的结果进行综合对比。结果以血清中PET指标〉0．5mg／L作为阳性阈值,则患者血清中PCT指标对于呼吸系统的细菌感染诊断的敏感性为94．1％,特异性为89．7％,其准确诊断指数为0．838,和外周血WBC计数和分类计数的敏感性、特异性和准确诊断指数（分别为67．1％、66．7％和0．338）对比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,结论血清降钙素原测定在呼吸系统的感染性疾病早期诊断鉴别中有非常重要的价值,属于较好的判断疾病严重程度和治疗效果观察指标。     

血清降钙素原在感染性发热诊断中的应用价值

目的分析感染性发热患者中细菌感染与非细菌感染血清降钙素原（PCT）水平的差别,探讨血清PCT在感染性发热疾病诊断中的应用价值。方法前瞻性地纳入73例发热查因的急诊和住院患者,采血测定PCT、CRP和血常规,同时通过病原学或血清免疫学检测明确诊断,比较各指标对细菌感染的诊断价值。结果通过细菌感染组与非细菌感染组的PCT、CRP和白细胞总数的比较,差异有统计学意义,细菌感染组的各项指标均显著高于非细菌感染组（P〈0．01）。PCT对发热患者细菌感染诊断的敏感性为93．0％,特异性为83．3％,均高于CRP的敏感性（81．4％）和特异性（56．7％）与白细胞的敏感性（76．7％）和特异性（53.3％）。结论采取PCT的检测能更有效的鉴别急诊发热患者的细菌感染与非细菌感染,且有更好的敏感性和特异性造词,有助于早期的正确诊断、治疗及用药。     

降钙素原与C反应蛋白检测在小儿感染性疾病诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨降钙素原与C反应蛋白检测在小儿感染性疾病诊断中的临床价值及研究。方法回顾我院收治的106例感染性疾病患儿,与随机抽取非感染疾病性小儿进行CRP与PCT检测。结果感染组患儿在PCT、CRP测定中均高于非感染组（P〈0.01）,重症组PCT、CRP测定较非感染组和一般感染组有明显升高,与病情呈正相关（P〈0.01）;治疗后感染组PCT、CRP明显下降,无统计学差异显著性（P〉0.05）。PCT对细菌感染诊断敏感性为83.9%,特异性为80.2%;CRP对细菌感染诊断敏感性为60.4%,特异性为91.5%。进行比较,PCT、CRP检测对细菌感染诊断敏感性有统计学差异显著性（P〈0.01）,特异性无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论 PCT的敏感性明显高于CRP。检测PCT、CRP可有效提高小儿早期细菌感染性疾病的诊断水平,在小儿感染性疾病中有非常重要的意义。     

降钙素原、C反应蛋白与白细胞在诊断小儿呼吸道感染性疾病中的比较

目的：比较小儿呼吸道细菌感染与非细菌感染患儿血清降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）及白细胞（WBC）总数水平的不同,探讨PCT、CRP与WBC在细菌感染中的诊断价值。方法：将220例呼吸道感染性疾病患儿,根据有无细菌感染分为细菌感染组142例和非细菌感染组78例,所有患儿分别检测血清PCT、CRP及WBC水平,并对两组患儿的检测结果进行比较。结果：细菌感染组患儿血清PCT、CRP及WBC检测阳性率均高于非细菌感染组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;PCT的敏感性、特异性均明显高于CRP和WBC。结论：血清PCT对细菌感染性疾病的诊断价值优于CRP和WBC,是小儿细菌感染的敏感标志物之一。     

血清降钙素原、白介素－6、C－反应蛋白及白细胞检测在呼吸道感染中的临床价值评价

目的：探讨血清降钙素原（PCT）、白介素-6（1L-6）、C-反应蛋白（CRP）与白细胞（wBC）在感染性呼吸道疾病中的早期诊断意义。方法：分别采用电化学发光法、免疫比浊法对210例呼吸道感染患者的血清PCT、IL-6、CRP进行检测,同时应用全自动血细胞计数仪计数WBC。结果：PCT、IL-6及WBC检测在细菌感染组与非细菌感染组之间存在显著差异（P〈0．01）,而血清CRP检测两组问差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。检测血清PCT水平对细菌感染诊断的灵敏度、特异度、诊断符合率、阴性预测值及阳性预测值均高于血清IL-6、CRP及WBC检测。结论：血清PCT检测对细菌性呼吸道感染的诊断意义优于血清IL-6、CRY及WBC的检测。     

降钙素原在新生儿败血症诊断中的应用

目的 评价血清降钙素原(PCT)在新生儿感染性疾病中的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析36例新生儿败血症患者,并选取同期无感染症状的50例新生儿作对照组.应用半定量固相免疫测定法测定患儿血清中的PCT,并同时测定血清C反应蛋白(CRP)和白细胞(WBC)计数,观察各指标诊断新生儿败血症的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及约登指数,分析ROC曲线.结果 PCT的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、约登指数及ROC曲线下的面积值均优于CRP和WBC计数.结论 PCT是新生儿败血症较为快速、敏感性与特异性均较高的实验室检测指标,有很好的临床诊断价值.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.