主动脉窦瘤破裂手术治疗临床研究

目的 总结主动脉窦瘤破裂患者破裂类型，手术方法及治疗效果。方法 对55例主动脉窦瘤破裂患者手术治疗进行回顾性分析。结果 主动脉右冠状动脉窦瘤46例，其中45例破入右心室，1例破入右心房；无冠状动脉窦瘤7例，其中5例破入右心房，2例破入右心室；左冠状动脉窦瘤2例，破入左心室。合并室间隔缺损24例，主动脉瓣关闭不全32例，其它畸形6例(有的同时合并几种畸型)，并发感染性心内膜炎8例。所有患者均及时施行了手术治疗，1例术前存在严重左心功能不全，巨大左室患者，回重症监护病房后死于顽固性心律紊乱，另1例患者术前合并严重感染性心内膜炎，心功能4级患者，术后死于低心排综合征，余效果良好。结论 主动脉窦瘤以右冠窦瘤最常见，且多数破入右心室；主动脉窦瘤破裂一经确诊，应尽早手术治疗，以免延误手术时机，合并感染性心内膜炎尤其如此。     

主动脉窦瘤破入右心房的超声诊断与鉴别诊断：附二例报告

主动脉窦瘤亦称为瓦氏窦瘤，是一种少见的心脏畸形，可以是先天性的，也可以是获得性的。主动脉窦瘤常合并其他先天性心脏病，并破人心腔，引起急性临床症状。常累及的部位为右冠状动脉窦，多数破入右心室，少数破入右心房。     

颅内动脉瘤在电解可脱式弹簧圈栓塞术中破裂危险因素分析及处理体会

目的 探讨颅内动脉瘤在电解可脱式弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞术中发生破裂的危险因素及处理方法.方法 2000年8月至2010年6月,以GDC栓塞术治疗420例动脉瘤性蛛网膜下隙出血(SAH)患者,对其临床资料进行回顾性总结,统计分析颅内动脉瘤在GDC栓塞术中发生破裂的危险因素.结果 共16例术中发生动脉瘤破裂,发生率为3.8%(16/420),术后13例致密填塞,3例部分填塞.单因素分析显示:SAH发作次数≥2次、瘤体≤4 mm、有假性动脉瘤、Hunt-Hess分级为Ⅳ～Ⅴ级、有高血压病史以及瘤颈窄是引起颅内动脉瘤GDC栓塞术中发生破裂的危险因素.多因素 Logistic回归分析显示:SAH发作次数≥2次(P=0.0424,OR=6.798)以及有假性动脉瘤(P=0.0069,OR=4.423)是引起颅内动脉瘤GDC栓塞术中发生破裂的独立危险因素.结论 颅内动脉瘤在GDC栓塞术中发生破裂主要与SAH多次发作以及存在假性动脉瘤有关,临床上对存在危险因素者应警惕发生术中破裂,一旦发生应积极给予合理的治疗,大多数患者能获得良好预后.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the risk factors and treatment experience of cerebral aneurysms rupture in the course of Gugliemi detachable coil (GDC) embolization. Methods From August 2000 to June 2010,420 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) received GDC embolization and their clinical data were retrospectively reviewed to analyse the risk factors of cerebral aneurysms rupture in the course of treatment. Results Sixteen patients had intraoperative aneurysm rupture, the incidence rate was 3.8%(16/420),including 13 cases density filling,3 cases partial filling postoperative.Univariate analysis showed:SAH episodes ≥2 times,tumor size ≤4 mm,the presence of pseudoaneurysm,Hunt-Hess grade Ⅳ - Ⅴ as well as history of hypertension were the risk factors of cerebral aneurysms rupture in the course of GDC embolization. Logistic regression analysis showed:SAH episodes ≥2 times (P = 0.0424,OR =6.798)and the presence of pseudoaneurysm (P = 0.0069, OR = 4.423) were the independent risk factors of cerebral aneurysms rupture. Conclusions Rupture of intracranial aneurysm in the course of GDC embolization is mainly related to the multiple SAH and the presence of pseudoaneurysm. It should be alert to the risk factors and take active treatment as soon as the occurrence of rupture in clinic work, for this, most patients can get a good prognosis.     

99mTc-硫胶体淋巴结显像联合亚甲蓝在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检中的临床研究

目的 探讨99mTc-硫胶体(99mTc-SC)淋巴结显像联合亚甲蓝行乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检(SLNB),对前哨淋巴结(SLN)阴性者避免行腋窝淋巴结清扫(ALND)的可行性及其临床应用价值.方法 187例乳腺癌患者术前行99mTc-SC淋巴结显像,并进行体表定位,术中加用亚甲蓝示踪SLN,切除后快速冰冻切片.其中51例SLN转移患者行改良根治术,将136例SLN阴性患者分为两组,A组[为腋窝淋巴结阳性患者,58例为术中检测阳性,2例为SLNB术后淋巴结常规病理检查阳性,再次行ALND,共60例]行乳腺切除或象限切除加ALND,B组(术中检测阴性78例,除去术后检测阳性2例,共76例)行SLNB,未行ALND.结果 A组术后上肢麻木、上肢水肿、上肢功能障碍分别为36、8、45例,B组分别为2、0、0例,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).A组1、3、5年局部复发分别为0、0、2例,腋窝及锁骨上淋巴结转移分别为1、5、8例,远处转移分别为2、8、12例,无瘤生存分别为60、57、49例;B组1、3、5年局部复发分别为0、0、6例,腋窝及锁骨上淋巴结转移分别为3、8、12例,远处转移分别为4、8、16例,无瘤生存分别为76、70、61例,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 99mTc-SC淋巴结显像联合亚甲蓝行SLNB方法 简便,准确率高,疗效确实可靠.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of the axillary conservative surgery by sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using preoperative lymphoscintigraph technique with 99mTc-SC and methylene blue in early-stage breast cancer patients. Methods The sentinel lymph node (SLN) of 187 patients were located with preoperative lymphoscintigraph technique with 99mTc-SC and labeled with methylene blue during the operations. The metastasis of SLN was detected using frozen section technique. There were 51 patients whose SLN were positive having been carried with modified radical mastectomy of breast cancer and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), 136 patients' SLN were negative,58 patients of those were carried with mammectomy or partial mastcctomy and ALND (group A),while 78 patients were carried out with mammectomy or partial mastectomy only (group B). The sentinel lymph nodes were detected with HE stain after surgery. All the patients were treated with chemotherapy,and the patients with partial mastcctomy must be treated with radiotherapy. There were 2 patients with micrometastasis in group B being treated with mammectomy or partial mastcctomy only,and carried out with ALND again. Results The number of cases with upper limb numbness, edema, dysfunction in group A were 36,8 and 45 cases, in group B were 2,0,0 case respectively. Group A compared with group B was increased significantly (P< 0.05). The number of local recurrence within 1, 3 and 5 years were 0,0,2 cases;lymphatic metastasis were 1,5,8 cases; the distant metastasis were 2,8,12 cases; the disease-free survival were 60,57,49 cases. In group B, the number of local recurrence within 1, 3 and 5 years were 0,0,6 cases, lymphatic metastasis were 3,8,12cases,the distant metastasis were 4,8,16 cases,the disease-free survival were 76,70,61 cases. There were not significant differences between the two groups(P> 0.05). Conclusion It is simple and accurate to carry out SLNB using preoperative lymphoscintigraph technique with 99mTc-SC combined with methylene blue,and the effect is reliable.     

Diagnosis by Angiography and Treatment of coronary artery Fine Branch Fistula

Objective To explore the value of selective coronary arteriography and intervention of coronary artery fine branch fistula. Methods All of the 12 patients with coronary artery fine branch fistula underwent selective coronary artedography. 3 underwent intervention, while 6 underwent prosthesis for CAF under extracorpored circulation. Results Among 12 cases of coronary artery fine branch fistula, 5 happened in right coronary artery （41.7%）, 7 happened in left coronary artery （58.3%）; among the 7 in left coronary artery; 3 happened in descending anterior branch, 3 occurred in left circumflex branch, 1 arise from both left anterior branch and left circumflex branch. Among these cases, there are 6 cases of coronary - to - pulmonary artery fistula （50% ）, 3 cases of fistula draining into right atrium （25%）, 2 cases of fistula draining into left atrium （16.7%） and 1 draining into fight ventricle （8. 3 %）, 3 patients underwent intervention had been followed up for 6 months, no abnormal change was observed. Conclusion Selective coronary arteriography is the best way to diagnose the coronary artery fine branch fistula. In respect of therapy, besides of surgical treatment, intervention is still a rather good measure presently.     

不同下斜肌前转位术式治疗分离性垂直偏斜的疗效评价

Objective To assess the clinical effect of anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle (ATTO) with and without resection in the treatment of dissociated vertical deviation (DVD). Methods Thirty-six patients ( 59 eyes ) with DVD were divided into the standard group ( 30 eyes) and the resection group (29 eyes) by random digits table undertaking ATIO with and without a 7-mm resection. The vertical deviation degree in primary position and the eyeball motility were recorded and evaluated. Results The vertical deviation degree in primary position were 0△-10△ (3.5 △± 2.7△) after 3 months operation in the standard group,while 0△-12△ (3.3△±3.6△) in the resection group. There were no significant differences between two groups (P＞ 0.05). In the standard group, 2 cases revealed +2 inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA), 7 cases revealed +1 and 21 cases revealed 0 after 3 months operation. In the resection group, 1 case revealed +2 IOOA, 4 cases revealed +1 and 24 cases revealed 0 after 3 months operation. There were no significant differences between two groups(P＞ 0.05 ). The presence or absence of IOOA did not influence the result of ATIO for either group. Conclusions ATIO is an effective treatment for DVD and can be used to treat DVD in patients without IOOA. A 7-mm resection with the standard ATIO has no advantage to improve the surgery outcome.     

异舒吉治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效观察

Objective To compare the efficacy of intravenous Isoket with Nitroglycerine in patients with unstable angina pectoris. Methods 70 patients were enrolled and split into treatment group(Isoket group)and control group (Nitroglycerine group) randomly and double - blindedly.There were 36 cases in treatment group who were treated with intravenous Isoket 20 - 30mg per day for 10 consecutive days; whereas 34 cases in control group who were treated with intravenous Nitroglycerine 10 - 20mg per day for 10 days. Results 18 cases were signilicandy effective and 14 patients were effective with total effective rate 88.9% in treatment group compared with 8 cases, 11 cases and 55.7% in control group respectively. The treatment group is significandy better than the control group. Conclusion It is effective and safe to treat the patients with unstable angina pectoris with intravenous Isoket.     

髋臼骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨髋臼骨折的手术方法和疗效.方法 2001年3月至2006年3月共手术治疗髋臼骨折患者41例.按照Letournel-Judet分型,简单型22例,复杂型19例,采用K-L入路31例(其中14例附加大转子截骨)、髂腹股沟入路8例,前后联合入路2例.重建钢板和螺钉固定.结果 随访16～36(24.31±5.31)个月,根据Matta影像学评分标准,解剖复位27例,良好复位8例,差3例,关节轮廓复位3例.根据Merle D'Aubigne临床评定标准:优14例,良18例,一般5例,差4例,优良率78%(32/41).股骨头坏死3例,异位骨化4例,创伤性关节炎3例,坐骨神经损伤4例,股神经损伤1例,神经损伤均在6个月内恢复.下肢深静脉栓塞3例,溶栓后恢复.无死亡病例,无感染、骨折不愈合等并发症.结论 大多数髋臼骨折的手术可以通过单一的K-L入路或髂腹股沟入路完成显露.双钢板或单钢板+拉力螺钉固定牢靠,可以满足髋关节早期功能锻炼的需要.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the method and curative effect for the operative treatment of acetabular fractures.Methods Forty-one patients with acetabular fractures were treated operatively from March 2001 to March 2006.All fractures were classified according to the Letournel-Judet classification,22cases were simple fractures and 19 cases were complicated fractures.Kocher-Langenbeck (K-L) approach were adopted in 31 cases (14 cases through osteotomy of greater trochanter additionally),ilioinguinal approach were adopted in 8 cases and anterior combined posterior approach were adopted in 2 cases.Different fractures were fixed by reconstructive plates and screws.Results All the patients were followed up for 16-36 (24.31 ± 5.31 ) months.According to the reduction criteria of Matta radiography,there were 27 cases with anatomic reduction,8 cases with satisfactory reduction,3 cases with poor reduction and 3 cases with joint contour reduction.According to the Merle D' Aubigne clinical criteria for joint functions,14 cases showed excellent results,18 cases were good,5 cases were fair and 4 cases were poor,and the excellent-good rate was 78%( 32/41 ).Necrosis of the femoral head was found in 3 cases,heterotopic ossification in 4 cases,traumatic arthritis in 3 cases,sciatic nerve injury in 4 cases,femoral nerve injury in 1 case,all the nerve injury recovered in 6 months.Lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in 3 cases,all of them were recovered by given anticoagulation.No death,infection or nonunion were found.Conclusions K-L approach or ilioinguinal approach are adopted in the most of the operative treatment of acetabular fractures.Dual reconstructive plates or single.reconstructive plate combine lag screws can fix solid.It can make hip to do early exercise.     

管状胃技术在26例食管、贲门癌根治术中的应用分析

目的 评价管状胃技术在食管、贲门癌根治术中的临床应用效果.方法 选取2007年1月至2010年6月收治的食管、贲门癌患者50例,按采取的手术方法不同分为管状胃组(26例)和胸腔胃组(24例).管状胃组中食管癌21例,贲门癌5例;术中左颈部吻合1例,主动脉弓上吻合11例,主动脉弓下吻合9例,贲门癌根治5例.胸腔胃组食管癌20例,贲门癌4例;术中左颈部吻合1例,主动脉弓上吻合11例,主动脉弓下吻合8例,贲门癌根治4例.观察两组患者手术后吻合口瘘发生率、手术时间、术后住院时间等临床指标.结果 两组患者均顺利完成手术,两组均无吻合口瘘发生.胸腔胃组术后发生肺部感染气管切开3例,死亡1例.管状胃组与胸腔胃组手术时间分别为(175±11)、(182±6)min,术后住院时间分别为(16.8±9.8)、(17.0±11.3)d,差异均无统计学意义(t=1.556,P=0.072;t=1.495,P=0.068).结论 管状胃在食管癌手术中并发症发生率较低,不增加手术时间和住院时间,可改善患者的生活质量,具有较好的临床应用价值.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of gastric tube in radical operation for patients with esophageal or cardial carcinoma. Methods From January 2007 to June 2010,50 patients with esophageal or cardial carcinoma were enrolled. Based on surgical methods, they were divided into the gastric tube group (26 cases) and the traditional way group (24 cases). Among the gastric tube group, 21 patients had esophageal carcinoma,and the other 5 patients had cardial carcinoma,and 1 patient was treated with anastomosis in the left neck, 11 patients with anastomosis in upper aortic arch,9 patients with anastomosis in lower aortic arch and 5 cardial carcinoma patients underwent radical resection. Among the traditional way group, 20 patients had esophageal carcinoma,and the other 4 patients had cstdial carcinoma, 1 patient wastreated with anastomosis in the left neck, 11 patients with anastomosis in upper aortic arch, 8 patients with anastomosis in lower aortic arch and 4 cardial carcinoma patients underwent radical resection. The rate of anastomotic leakage, operation time, and length of stay in hospital of the two groups were observed. Results All surgeries were successfully performed. There was no anastomotic leakage case in the two groups, while there were 3 cases pulmonary infection and 1 case death in the traditional way group. There was no statistical difference in operation time [(175 ± 11) min vs. (182±6) min, t = 1.556, P = 0.072] and length of stay in hospital [(16.8 ±9.8) d vs.(17.0 ± 11.3) d,t = 1.495,P= 0.068] between the gastric tube group and the traditional way group. Conclusion Gastric tube has good value in clinical application with fewer complications and without prolonging operation and hospitalization time, which can surely ameliorate quality of life.     

普胸术后大量渗血的多因素分析

Objective To explore multi-causes and therapy of massive hemothorax after thoracic operation.Methods Sixty-six patients suffered from massive hemothorax after thoracic operation.All of them were executed conservative treatments for postoperative hemothorax.The noneffeetive cases were executed re-exploration.The relationship of area of residual cavity,fluctuation of intrapleural pressure and volume of hemothorax were analyzed between lobectomy in 30 eases and wedge,segmental or no excision of lung in 24 cases in 24 h postoperation.Results Thirty-two of 66 cases being executed conservative treatments were suteessful,2 cases were dead,while 32 cases were executed re-exploration,and 29 of them were cured.but 1 case of them dead,and 2 cases suffered from bronchial fistula,who were cured by thoracoplasty.The operations of wedge,segmental or no excision of lung in 24 cases were compared with lobectomy in 30 cases.It Was proved that the former had the smaller area of residual cavity,the lower intrapleural pressure.and the less volume of hemothorax(P＜0.05).Conclusions The multiplicity analysis of massive hemothorax after thoracic operation are flucmafion of intrapleural pressure after operation,intracavitary suction with negative pressure,rise of pressure in microcirculation at wound,abnormality of blood coagulation function and so on.It can reduce complications that proper therapy is timely performed,and even avoid of re-exploration.     

Coexistent congenital aortic defects, aneurysm of sinus of valsalva, atrial septal defect and infective endocarditis: a case report

Coarctation of the Aorta is frequently associated with bicuspid aortic valve. This is a risk factor for infective endocarditis. Aneurysm of a sinus of Valsalva is a rare defect with a prevalence of 0.09%. They are associated in 10% of cases with a bicuspid aortic valve and less frequently with coarctation of the aorta and atrial septal defect. It is extremely rare the association of coarctation of the aorta with an atrial septal defect. This is one of the first cases reported in Puerto Rico of an adult patient with coarctation of the aorta in association with a bicuspid aortic valve, a ruptured aneurysm of a sinus of Valsalva and an atrial septal defect. The patient is a 22 year old male with coarctation of the aorta diagnosed since childhood who was admitted at the Cardiovascular Center of Puerto Rico with signs of heart failure due to infective endocarditis secondary to a teeth infection. Upon evaluation with transthoracic and transesophageal echos, he was found to have a coarctation at the aortic isthmus, aortic root dilatation, bicuspid aortic valve with vegetation, severe aortic and tricuspid regurgitation, aneurysm of the non coronary sinus of Valsalva with perforation to the right atrium, biatrial enlargement and a dilated right ventricle. Successful antibiotic treatment of endocarditis was achieved followed by surgical replacement of the aortic valve and ascending aorta with closure of the non coronary sinus of Valsalva was done. An secundum atrial septal defect was found and was also closed. Surgical correction of the coarctation of the aorta was postponed for a future time. The patient had a successful postsurgical recovery and was discharged home with anticoagulation treatment.     

主动脉窦瘤破裂合并感染性心内膜炎的外科治疗

目的 总结主动脉窦瘤破裂合并感染性心内膜炎的易感因素及治疗经验.方法 对2000年1月至2008年3月收治的30例主动脉窦瘤破裂中10例合并感染性心内膜炎的患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.9例手术治疗,其中6例同时行主动脉瓣替换术.结果 9例行手术治疗患者均康复出院.随访2个月至8年,心功能恢复到Ⅰ级7例,Ⅱ级2例.死亡1例系未行手术治疗者,死于多脏器功能衰竭.结论 合并室间隔缺损是主动脉窦瘤破裂易感因素之一;主动脉窦瘤破裂合并感染性心内膜炎一经确诊,应足量有效抗炎治疗并尽早手术;合并中度以上主动脉瓣关闭不全应果断换瓣治疗.     

Congenital Valsalva sinus aneurysm opening into the right ventricle. Two operated cases

Congenital sinus of valsalva aneurysm is a rare cardiac lesion. Once the aneurysm has ruptured, a large left-to-right shunt is created. Prognosis is grave unless operative intervention is undertaken. The authors present 2 cases (2 male) of congenital aneurysm of the right sinus of valsalva ruptured into the right ventricle. The first patient (52 years) have a history of strenuous exertion followed by acute precordial pain and dyspnea. The second patient (25 years) was asymptomatic. The diagnostic was made by 2D and color doppler echocardiography. The defect was closed with a patch with good postoperative course. The authors emphasise the possible rupture of the congenital aneurysm of the sinus of valsalva after 50 years of age. Echocardiography is certainly the best method for diagnosing the condition and for following up these patients. The prognosis after surgical repair has usually been satisfactory.     

冠状动脉瘘23例手术治疗

目的：观察冠状动脉瘘手术治疗效果。方法：对23例冠状动脉瘘患者畸形情况及手术治疗回顾性分析，结果：瘘口发生于右冠状动脉13人，左冠状动脉9人，双冠状动脉1人，瘘入右心室9人，右心房6人，肺动脉3人，冠状静脉窦2人，左心房2人，左心室2人，多瘘口患者3人，所有患者均经手术纠正畸形，除1例多个瘘口患者，术后残留一小瘘口外，余效果良好，结论：外科手术是目前冠状动脉瘘最佳治疗方法。     

先天性心脏病继发感染性心内膜炎的外科治疗

目的总结先天性心脏病继发感染性心内膜炎的外科治疗经验。方法手术治疗先天性心脏病合并感染性心内膜炎65例,手术原则是清除感染灶,矫治心脏畸形和恢复瓣膜功能,行室间隔缺损修补52例,动脉导管直视缝合8例,主动脉窦瘤修补2例,法洛四联症根治3例,同期行二尖瓣成形2例,三尖瓣成形12例,肺动脉瓣成形5例,二尖瓣置换2例,主动脉瓣置换3例,三尖瓣置换1例,二尖瓣主动脉瓣置换2例,主动脉根部置换1例。结果1例急诊行法洛四联症根治术后并发低心排综合征死亡;其余患者均痊愈出院。随访60例,随访6个月～10年,无1例死亡及心内膜炎复发。结论先天性心脏病继发感染性心内膜炎者正确选择手术时机及有效的抗生素是提高治愈率的关键。     

Clinical use of biplane transesophageal echocardiography]

The clinical value of biplane transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was assessed on basis of the experience of the first 100 cases. All studies were performed in awake patients, there was no complication or failure. There wee 43 males and 57 females, aged between 13 and 82 years. The indication of TEE was infective endocarditis in 33, congenital heart disease in 25, suspected tumor or thrombus in 18, search for source of embolism in 9, thoracic aortic pathology in 9, prosthetic valve dysfunction in 3 and other problems in 3 cases. Biplane technique provided additional information as compared to single plane TEE in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (by the visualization of small vegetations and of mitral valve fenestration, and by the differentiation of mitral vegetation from prolapse or aneurysm), in the identification of source of embolism (by easier visualization of patent foramen ovale and of the left atrial appendage thrombus), in the imaging of ascending aorta, of right ventricular outflow tract and of the left ventricular endocardium. Biplane technique enhanced therapeutic decision making particularly in the indications of anticoagulant treatment and in planning certain cardiac operations. Biplane TEE is an easily acquired technique and it will replace single plane TEE in a number of indications.     

心脏内畸形合并感染性心瓣膜炎的外科治疗

目的探讨心脏内畸形合并感染性心瓣膜炎的诊断及外科治疗特点。方法回顾1997年2月-2003年2月10例心脏内畸形合并感染性心瓣膜炎患者的临床资料，其中室间隔缺损4例，主动脉窦瘤破裂2例，右室流出道狭窄1例，二尖瓣关闭不全1例，主动脉瓣二叶瓣畸形2例。感染的心脏瓣膜分别为主动脉瓣4例。三尖瓣4例，肺动脉瓣1例，二尖瓣1例。合并瓣膜赘生物9例次，合并瓣膜穿孔4例次，均行外科手术治疗，清除赘生物及修复穿孔，同时行室间隔缺损修补术、主动脉瓣置换术、二尖瓣置换术、右室流出道加宽补片术1例。结果患者术后7-14d体温及白细胞计数降至正常，应用抗生素28d后痊愈出院，全组无死亡病例。结论心脏内畸形患者并发感染性心瓣膜炎，如发现瓣膜赘生物形成或瓣膜穿孔，应视病情立刻手术或抗感染治疗后手术，术后根据血细菌培养或瓣膜赘生物培养情况应用抗生索28d，预防人工瓣膜及补片再度感染。     

Listeria endocarditis causing aortic root abscess and a fistula to the left atrium.

We report the case of a 74-year-old man who presented with endocarditis on a porcine aortic valve replacement. Five of six blood cultures grew listeria monocytogenes. Transoesophageal echocardiography demonstrated the presence of a cavity posterior to the aortic annulus, apparently communicating with the left atrium. The patient underwent successful aortic valve re-replacement. Listeria endocarditis is rare with only 58 reported cases in the literature and is associated with high mortality.     

胎儿先天性心脏病20例尸体解剖临床病理分析

目的 对胎儿先天性心脏病20例进行尸体解剖病理分析,并进行文献复习,提高对此畸形的认识. 方法 收集常州市妇幼保健院2007年1月至2016年6月近10年胎儿尸体解剖312例中发现的20例先天性心脏畸形,对其进行详细尸体解剖和病理镜下观察,同时复阅文献.结果 312例胎儿尸体解剖,诊断先天性心脏病20例,男8例,女12例,其中房室间隔缺损12例,单纯性室间隔缺损2例,伴发其他畸形10例;三尖瓣狭窄伴关闭不全1例;肺动脉狭窄,伴三尖瓣关闭不全,左心房发育不良2例;主动脉弓分支血管异常(4支)2例;肺动脉闭锁,三尖瓣狭窄1例;肺动脉与主动脉位置发生扭转,缺失左锁骨下动脉1例;完全性心内膜垫缺损,永存左上腔动脉1例.结论 先天性心脏病具有复杂的心内畸形及心外畸形,尸体解剖应详细、仔细寻找每一个心血管分支,做到诊断精确,并探讨其可能的发病机制.     

彩色多普勒超声在腹主动脉瘤破裂诊断中的应用

目的探讨腹主动脉瘤破裂的彩色多普勒声像图特征,为临床提供早期、有效的参考信息。方法回顾性分析29例腹主动脉瘤破裂病人的彩色多普勒超声表现,并对照手术结果进行分析。结果 29例腹主动脉瘤破裂患者,依据Szilagyi分型,开放型占4例,限制型占18例,封闭型占7例,超声诊断与手术结果相符合者22例,本组超声诊断符合率75%。结论急诊彩色多普勒超声检查操作方便,符诊率高,并可于床边及时检查,给临床诊断腹主动脉瘤破裂提供了可靠的客观依据。