皮肤成纤维细胞构建组织工程化肌腱的初步研究

目的　探讨以皮肤成纤维细胞为种子细胞的组织工程化肌腱体内形成。方法　取猪自体皮肤成纤维细胞经体外培养、扩增 ,与可吸收生物材料聚羟基乙酸形成细胞—生物材料复合物 ,将该复合物植入手术缺损的右侧趾浅屈肌腱处 ,6周取材 ,对标本进行大体、组织学、电镜检查及生物力学评价。结果　新生组织在大体形态、细胞与胶原排列方式上与正常肌腱相似。新生组织的最大张力和最大应力分别为 1 73 0± 1 8 2与 1 8 9± 1 9N/mm2 ,分别达到左侧同一部位正常肌腱的 57 4%与51 9%。结论　应用组织工程技术以成纤维细胞作为种子细胞可在动物体内形成肌腱样新生组织并能修复肌腱缺损     

皮耐克组织工程皮肤修复皮肤创面的研究

【目的】探讨采用皮耐克真皮支架与大鼠表皮干细胞、成纤维细胞构建组织工程皮肤修复皮肤缺损的可行性。【方法】分离培养大鼠表皮干细胞、成纤维细胞并进行免疫荧光鉴定。成纤维细胞接种于皮耐克敷料构建类真皮,表面种植表皮干细胞构建组织工程皮肤。将BALB/c裸鼠复制背部皮肤缺损模型,随机分为3组,单纯支架组移植皮耐克敷料,成纤维细胞支架组移植皮耐克成纤维细胞复合物,组织工程皮肤组移植皮耐克组织工程皮肤。术后记录创面愈合情况,并分别取5、7d创面组织进行病理学检查。【结果】表皮干细胞角蛋白15(CK15)、β1整合素表达阳性,成纤维细胞层粘连蛋白(LN)、纤维连接蛋白(FN)表达阳性。组织工程皮肤组愈合情况最好,移植物处成纤维细胞增生,新生毛细血管明显,表皮细胞分层排列规则。【结论】皮耐克组织工程皮肤促进裸鼠皮肤创面修复效果良好。     

ES细胞源性表皮干细胞与胶原海绵构建组织工程皮肤

【目的】以胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)源性表皮干细胞为种子细胞与胶原海绵构建组织工程皮肤,探讨其对皮肤缺损修复的作用。【方法】胎鼠皮肤成纤维细胞与胶原海绵构建类真皮,植入小鼠全层皮肤缺损创面,以生物膜为载体,把羊膜诱导后带有核标记的ES细胞源性表皮干细胞覆盖在类真皮上,术后1～8周连续取材,HE染色,β1整合素、CK15、CK19、CK10和CEA免疫荧光双标和免疫组化观察。【结果】植入后3周,创面完全长合,较厚新生皮完全覆盖创面,基底层细胞增生,形成许多大小不一的细胞柱伸向真皮层,新生表皮中可见核标记的细胞呈β1整合素、CK15、CK19阳性,真皮中的管腔样结构呈核荧光和β1整合素、CEA免疫组化双标阳性,4～8周新生表皮基底层细胞呈CK19、CK10阳性,新生表皮下可见毛囊样、皮脂腺样结构。【结论】ES细胞源性表皮干细胞为种子细胞与胶原海绵构建的组织工程皮肤可以修复缺损皮肤,在其下真皮层有分化为毛囊样、皮脂腺样和汗腺样的结构,但是是否来源于ES细胞源性表皮干细胞仍需进一步证实。     

ES细胞源性表皮干细胞与胶原海绵构建组织工程皮肤

【目的】以胚胎干细胞（ES细胞）源性表皮干细胞为种子细胞与胶原海绵构建组织工程皮肤，探讨其对皮肤缺损修复的作用。【方法】胎鼠皮肤成纤维细胞与胶原海绵构建类真皮，植入小鼠全层皮肤缺损创面。以生物膜为载体，把羊膜诱导后带有核标记的ES细胞源性表皮干细胞覆盖在类真皮上，术后1～8周连续取材，HE染色，B1整合素、CK15、CK19、CK10和CEA免疫荧光双标和免疫组化观察。【结果】植入后3周，创面完全长合。较厚新生皮完全覆盖创面，基底层细胞增生，形成许多大小不一的细胞柱伸向真皮层，新生表皮中可见核标记的细胞呈B1整合素、CK15、CK19阳性，真皮中的管腔样结构呈核荧光和β1整合素、CEA免疫组化双标阳性，4～8周新生表皮基底层细胞呈CK19、CK10阳性，新生表皮下可见毛囊样、皮脂腺样结构。【结论】ES细胞源性表皮干细胞为种子细胞与胶原海绵构建的组织工程皮肤可以修复缺损皮肤，在其下真皮层有分化为毛囊样、皮脂腺样和汗腺样的结构，但是是否来源于ES细胞源性表皮干细胞仍需进一步证实。     

组织工程皮肤修复动物皮肤缺损的实验研究

目的利用表皮细胞复合脱细胞真皮构建组织工程皮肤，探讨其用于修复动物皮肤缺损的可行性。方法将扩增的人表皮细胞复合异种（猪）脱细胞真皮支架构建组织工程皮肤，将制备的人工皮肤移植于裸鼠全层皮肤缺损，观察创面愈合情况并进行直接免疫荧光鉴定。结果构建的组织工程皮肤可用于修复裸鼠全层皮肤缺损，创面愈合良好，新生的表皮由移植的人表皮细胞增殖形成。结论利用表皮细胞复合脱细胞真皮构建的组织工程皮肤可用于修复动物全层皮肤缺损。     

皮肤成纤维细胞构建组织工程化猪角膜基质样组织

目的探讨以皮肤成纤维细胞为种子细胞,在猪角膜微环境中构建组织工程化角膜基质组织的可行性。方法分离获取胎猪皮肤成纤维细胞经体外培养、扩增。通过转染绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因标记细胞,示踪细胞的转归。选取第3代的细胞接种于可吸收生物材料聚羟基乙酸(PGA),形成细胞-生物材料复合物,体外培养1周后,移植于猪的角膜基质层内,于第8周取材进行大体、组织学检查及超微结构观察。以角膜基质细胞为种子细胞构建的组织工程化角膜基质组织作为对照。结果术后8周,实验组角膜逐渐恢复透明,与对照组角膜无明显差别。组织学检查显示形成新生的角膜基质样组织,呈板层状,排列较规则,与对照组角膜组织相似。超微结构观察及胶原纤维直径检测显示,实验组与对照组角膜组织差异无统计学意义。荧光显微镜观察到GFP阳性细胞存在。结论皮肤成纤维细胞可能替代角膜基质细胞,在猪角膜内构建角膜基质样组织。     

皮肤成纤维细胞构建组织工程化猪角膜基质样组织

目的 探讨以皮肤成纤维细胞为种子细胞,在猪角膜微环境中构建组织工程化角膜基质组织的可行性.方法 分离获取胎猪皮肤成纤维细胞经体外培养、扩增.通过转染绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因标记细胞,示踪细胞的转归.选取第3代的细胞接种于可吸收生物材料聚羟基乙酸(PGA),形成细胞-生物材料复合物,体外培养1周后,移植于猪的角膜基质层内,于第8周取材进行大体、组织学检查及超微结构观察.以角膜基质细胞为种子细胞构建的组织工程化角膜基质组织作为对照.结果 术后8周,实验组角膜逐渐恢复透明,与对照组角膜无明显差别.组织学检查显示形成新生的角膜基质样组织,呈板层状,排列较规则,与对照组角膜组织相似.超微结构观察及胶原纤维直径检测显示,实验组与对照组角膜组织差异无统计学意义.荧光显微镜观察到GFP阳性细胞存在.结论 皮肤成纤维细胞可能替代角膜基质细胞,在猪角膜内构建角膜基质样组织.     

微孔结构对脱细胞真皮基质胶原网架功能重建的影响

目的探讨微孔结构的存在是否可以为脱细胞真皮基质(acellular dermal matrix,ADM)胶原网架的修复提供良好的微环境。方法健康雄性裸鼠30只,随机分为实验组和对照组,手术采用两步移植法。麻醉后在其背部做一2 cm×2 cm大小的全层皮肤缺损创面,实验组移植微孔化ADM+自体薄皮片,对照组移植无孔ADM+自体薄皮片。术后第3、7、14天各组各取5只裸鼠处死,切取标本行组织学及电镜检查。结果 HE染色组织学切片显示,实验组孔径结构周围的胶原网架中迁入有较多的成纤维细胞;而对照组的胶原网架中迁入的细胞较少。术后3 d扫描电镜显示,实验组基底组织通过微孔结构向胶原中生长,从而完成ADM的血管化;对照组未见新生组织长入。术后第14天的透射电镜显示实验组的胶原网架中含有较多的成纤维细胞,且以植入的异种真皮基质为模板分泌胶原,参与真皮组织的修复和重建;而对照组以炎症细胞迁入为主。结论微孔结构的存在不仅为成纤维细胞向胶原内部的迁移提供了一条快速通道,而且为成纤维细胞真皮修复功能的发挥提供良好的微环境。     

复合培养人工皮移植12例疗效观察

目的 在体外培养表皮细胞及成纤维细胞并与人工真皮复合培养,用以修复患者皮肤缺损创面.方法 从12例皮肤缺损患者体表切取皮肤标本,分离成单个表皮细胞和小块真皮组织进行体外培养、增殖,将收获的表皮细胞和成纤维细胞与人工真皮复合培养,形成人工皮,移植于患者皮肤缺损创面.结果 复合培养人工皮能存活,形成皮肤替代物,皮肤缺损创面得以修复.结论 复合培养人工皮能在新鲜创面上存活,形成皮肤替代物,性质比单纯培养表皮细胞膜片移植效果好,比自体皮片扩增速度快.     

PGA支架上人与猪皮肤成纤维细胞增殖和基质分泌的比较

目的对人与猪皮肤成纤维细胞作为肌腱组织工程种子细胞,进行可行性比较。方法酶消化法获取人与猪皮肤成纤维细胞,培养扩增,取第2代细胞,以1×106/mL的细胞密度接种至聚羟基乙酸(PGA)圆柱形支架上体外培养。通过大体、组织学及增殖曲线观察,羟脯氨酸定量测定以及免疫组化检测,比较两种细胞在PGA支架的黏附、增殖及基质分泌能力。结果组织学及三维增殖曲线观察结果显示,与猪皮肤成纤维细胞比较,人皮肤成纤维细胞与支架的黏附能力及细胞增殖能力良好;接种后第6天和第12天,HE染色可见人皮肤成纤维细胞-PGA复合物有连续的基质形成,两者羟脯氨酸含量分别为(2.23±0.25)μg/mgprotvs(1.07±0.18)μg/mgprot和(3.72±0.39)μg/mgprotvs(0.27±0.04)μg/mgprot,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);免疫组化结果显示,接种后第12天,两种复合物的Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原表达均呈阳性。结论与猪皮肤成纤维细胞相比,人皮肤成纤维细胞更有希望作为肌腱组织工程的种子细胞。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.