共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 328 毫秒
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摘要:目的 研究中国东海及东太平洋区域来源微生物的抗菌活性,意在筛选具有良好抗菌活性的海洋微生物,并初步研究活性菌株代谢产物的结构,为探求新型抗生素提供基础。方法 以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌为指示菌株,采用牛津杯法进行抗菌活性微生物初筛和复筛。通过HPLC-DAD结合TLC对活性突出的4株真菌及1株细菌进行活性提取物指纹图谱分析。对广谱抗菌活性菌株WBX-38进行菌种鉴定及活性代谢产物分离纯化,利用核磁共振和质谱等手段对活性化合物进行结构鉴定。采用微量稀释法测定活性化合物的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果与结论 从中国东海及东太平洋来源样品中共筛选90株海洋来源菌株,获得抗菌活性菌株16株,4株为海洋细菌,12株为海洋真菌。通过HPLC-DAD结合TLC分析,发现5株活性菌株均具有独特的色谱行为。海洋真菌WBX-38通过菌种鉴定,确认为海洋来源曲霉(Aspergillus sp.)。从其发酵液提取物中分离获得1个活性化合物5-hydroxymethylfuran-3-carboxylic acid,该化合物对3种指示菌均具有一定生长抑制活性。 相似文献
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迄今为止,已从微生物中分离得到了163个具有细胞毒、抗细菌、抗真菌等生物活性的卤代天然产物。本文综述了这些卤代化合物的微生物来源、结构及其生物活性。海洋微生物是卤代天然产物的主要生产者(占49%),而真菌更能利用培养基中的卤离子合成卤代化合物(占61%);氯代化合物和含氮卤代化合物是活性卤代天然产物的主要类型,分别占92%和47%,印证了氮是一种主要的生命元素;微生物卤代天然产物主要表现为细胞毒和抗菌等抗生活性(占69%),表明微生物为了适应或抵御极端环境(高盐、寡营养)而产生的卤代化合物往往具有细胞毒和抗菌作用。 相似文献
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一株六放珊瑚来源真菌Exserohilum sp.中活性天然产物研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的 研究六放珊瑚来源的真菌Exserohilum sp.中活性天然产物。方法 综合运用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析和半制备型HPLC等分析和分离技术分离纯化化合物,利用核磁、质谱等现代波谱分析方法对化合物进行结构鉴定,以致病真菌、细菌和海洋污损细菌为活性模型对化合物进行活性评价。结果从Exserohilum sp.中分离鉴定了4个天然产物 (1–4),化合物3对致病真菌Candida albicans和海洋污损细菌Pseudomonas aeruginosa显示中等抑制活性,MIC 分别为16.33 和32.65 μg/mL。结论 从海洋来源的真菌中分离获得具有生物活性的天然产物1–4,化合物3 对致病真菌和海洋污损细菌显示中等抑制活性。 相似文献
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放线菌是发现大量药用天然产物的资源宝库,在微生物新药研究中占据着十分重要的地位。海洋放线菌生活环境特殊造就了其不同于陆地微生物独特的代谢途径,具有产生多种生物活性物质的潜力,是天然药用活性先导化合物的重要来源。从不同海洋生境来源放线菌的次级代谢产物中寻找生物活性物质已成为近年来的研究热点。目前已经分离到许多结构新颖、活性显著的化合物,为新药的研究提供了丰富的物质基础。本文主要对近3年(2015~2017)不同海洋生境来源且具有明显抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤生物活性的放线菌次级代谢产物进行综述。 相似文献
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海洋生态环境(如高盐、高压、低温和寡营养等)以及海洋生物物种间复杂广泛关系赋予了海洋真菌独特的新陈代谢途径及适应机制,因此相比于陆地来源的相同种属真菌,海洋来源真菌能够产生结构独特、丰富多样、生物活性显著的化合物。迄今为止,已经有上万种化合物从海洋真菌中分离出来,但受限于传统培养技术,新结构和活性化合物的发现几率和速度都有所下降。“一株多化合物”(one stain-many compounds, OSMAC)策略是传统培养方法的发展,为寻找新型天然产物提供了新的方法,提高挖掘海洋真菌合成次级代谢产物的能力,逐渐被应用于海洋天然产物的发现。本文对OSMAC策略在海洋真菌次生代谢产物发现及活性研究中的应用进行总结,旨在为提高海洋真菌次生代谢产物的新颖性和多样性,加快先导化合物和生物资源的研究提供参考。 相似文献
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Depsipeptides from microorganisms: a new class of antimalarials 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Depsipeptides are a large group of natural products produced by fungi, actinomycetes, cyanobacteria, higher plants and marine organisms. This family of compounds is known to exhibit a wide range of biological activities, and thanks to the progress of isolation techniques and the advances of methods for structure determination, the numbers of depsipeptides having both unique structures and attractive biological activities are increasing. Many of these compounds have shown a wide range of biological activities, and some are in clinical use or have entered human clinical trials as antibiotic or anticancer agents. However, only a handful of them have been evaluated for their antimalarial activity. This paper aims to review the recent advances in depsipeptides as potential antimalarial compounds. 相似文献
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The marine environment has been shown to be the source of a great diversity of chemical structures with promising biological activities. The isolation, biological evaluation, chemical properties and synthetic elaborations of the products of marine organisms and microorganisms have attracted the attention of organic chemists, medicinal chemists, biologists and pharmacists. Marine organisms and microorganisms have provided a large proportion of the natural anti-inflammatory products over the last years. Marine organisms include green algae, brown algae, red algae, sponges, coelenterates, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, miscellaneous marine organisms and marine microorganisms and phytoplankton. This review describes current progress in the development of a selection of new anti-inflammatory agents from marine sources. The chemistry and biological evaluation are discussed. 相似文献
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The role of natural products as a source for remedies has been recognized since ancient times. Despite major scientific and technological progress in combinatorial chemistry, drugs derived from natural product still make an enormous contribution to drug discovery today. Nature is an attractive source of new therapeutic candidate compounds since a tremendous chemical diversity is found in millions of species of plants, animals, marine organisms and microorganisms. Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi have been invaluable to discover drugs and lead compounds. These microorganisms produce a large variety of antimicrobial agents which have evolved to give their hosts an advantage over their competitors in the microbiological world. The screening of microorganisms became highly popular after the discovery of penicillin but in recent years the list of antibacterial agents (bacteria- or fungi-derived) has increased considerably with the arrival of cephalosporins, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, rifamycins, and chloramphenicol. Although most of the drugs derived from microorganisms are used in antibacterial therapy, some microbial metabolites have provided lead compounds in other fields of medicine. For example: the fungal metabolite lovastatin, which was the lead compound for a series of drugs that lower cholesterol levels, the ciclosporin (fungal metabolite) currently used to suppress the immune response after transplantation operations and sirolimus- a bacterium-derived macrolide- used in the treatment of some cancers. The aim of this review is to analyze the current uses and the future applications in therapeutic treatments of microorganism-derived products (MdPs) and discuss the results obtained in the some clinical trials. 相似文献
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炎症作为机体抵抗有害刺激修复损伤组织的防御反应,参与多种疾病的发展进程,严重危害人类生命健康。而临床常用的抗炎药物有一定的不良反应,寻找一些高效、低毒的抗炎先导化合物仍是一个重要方向。海洋作为各类生物资源的宝库,由于海洋生态环境的特殊性(高压、高盐,低氧等),使得许多海洋生物在生命过程中产生大量具有特殊结构和抗炎活性的天然产物,成为炎症新药物研发的重要来源。本文总结了2016-2021年从放线菌、真菌、细菌三类海洋微生物中分离出的约73种天然产物,并对其在抑制炎症活性方面进行综述,以期望为今后的研究提供借鉴和启发。 相似文献
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海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域。近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性。本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述。 相似文献