English nursing and medical students' attitudes towards organ donation

The purpose of the study reported in this paper was to examine nursing and medical students' attitudes towards organ and corneal donation. A sample of 72 nursing and medical degree students from a British University, completed a 61-item self-administered quantitative questionnaire, adapted by Kent and Owens (1995) from an original tool devised by Parisi and Katz (1986). The findings revealed that all but one of the respondents had an overall positive attitude towards organ donation; a significant relationship was found to exist between the extent of this positive attitude held by each student and their personal willingness to donate organs. In total, 74% of the student nurses had already signed a donor card, compared to only 43% of the medical students, and the difference in the two groups' personal commitment towards donation was significant (P = 0.005). However, this disparity between the nursing and medical students was not evident when students were questioned about personally accepting organs, for survival. Most respondents agreed that they would take some form of transplanted organ or tissue into their body, if it was needed to maintain life. Overall, the study revealed that although this group of student nurses seem to be in favour of organ donation, with many willing to sign a donor card, doubts still exist in the medical student group. Further work is required to understand this phenomena. A comparison of the data with an earlier study completed by Kent and Owens (1995) indicate that student nurses may have a more positive orientation to donation than qualified staff.     

Undergraduate nursing students' attitudes towards organ donation: a survey in an Italian university

ZAMPIERON A., CORSO M. & FRIGO A.C. (2010) Undergraduate nursing students' attitudes towards organ donation: a survey in an Italian university. International Nursing Review 57 , 370–376 Aims: To examine undergraduate nursing students' attitudes towards organ donation and to determine whether or not attitudes were related to the students' education and training. Background: Nurses' knowledge and personal opinion can influence patient's willingness to donate organs or to hold an organ donor card. It is unclear how Italy's future nurses view organ donation. Methods: The study's source population consisted of third‐year undergraduate nursing students enrolled in seven nursing schools from an Italian university during 2008. Respondents completed self‐administered quantitative questionnaire with 61 questions, including the Organ Donation Attitude Scale. Findings: Of the 378 students contacted, 183 (48%) completed all survey questions; 140 were females (76.5%) and the mean age of students was 25. The median score of students' attitude scores towards organ donation was 151 (the attitude is positive when the score is higher than 161). No significant correlations were found to exist between organ‐donation attitude and sex, age, clinical practice in hospitals with a transplant unit, nursing care to patients waiting for a transplant or dialysis patients. Only 16% of the students had previously signed a donor card consenting to their own organ donation. The study revealed that doubts about transplantable organs still exist within the student body. Conclusions: This study highlighted that students' awareness of organ donation was not adequate and that attitude levels were lower than in other countries. If these future workers would receive adequate training, they could promote organ donation to the general public and to other hospital personnel.     

Intervention programme to improve knowledge,attitudes, and behaviour of nursing students towards organ donation and transplantation: A randomised controlled trial

AimTo develop and evaluate an educational programme aimed at undergraduate training to increase and improve knowledge, attitudes and behaviour towards the organ and tissue donation and transplants (OTDT).BackgroundThe request for OTDT falls on the health personnel and the reduction of family refusals depends on their attitude and competence, which is vital to increase OTDT. The evidence highlights the efficacy of starting training at early stages and the implementation of educational programmes in universities is recommended to reduce family refusals.DesignA randomised controlled trial.MethodsA randomised controlled trial with an experimental group (EG) –theory class and round table- and a control group (CG) –theory class- that transitions to a delayed experimental group. A sample of 73 students was distributed in parallel randomised groups.ResultsThe groups increased their knowledge and improved their attitude, significantly changing their behaviour in the follow-up. These changes in the experimental groups were more significant than in CG in perceived quality of information (z = −4.948; p = <0.001), level of knowledge (EG1 and CG z = −2.245; p = 0.025) (EG2 and CG z = −2.215; p = 0.027), attitude (EG1 and CG z = −2.687; p = 0.007) (EG2 and CG z = −2.198; p = 0.028) and behaviour (EG1 and CG t = 2.054; p = 0.044) (EG2 and CG z = −2.797; p = 0.005).ConclusionsThe education programme has proven effective, promoting knowledge, change and entrenchment of attitudes, facilitating conversations with families, enabling willingness to donate and increasing potential donors.     

护理本科学生死亡态度调查与分析

目的:了解护理本科学生的死亡态度,为开展护理本科学生死亡教育及制定死亡教育课程规划提供参考。方法:采用由Wong、Reker及Gesser编制的"死亡态度描绘修订版"(Death Attitude Profile-Revised)中译版死亡态度量表及开放式提问对四川省某高校654名护理本科学生进行问卷调查。结果:被调查者的死亡态度大致为中等程度。其中自然接受维度得分最高,为4.040;死亡恐惧与死亡逃避维度得分居中,分别为2.956和3.158;逃离接受与趋近接受维度得分较低,分别为2.223和2.166。开放式提问结果经分析归纳后呈现多元化死亡态度,其中以正向态度为主,占60.7%。结论:护理本科学生的死亡态度普遍为自然接受,但仍有部分学生对死亡持逃避和恐惧态度,不能坦然面对,因此有必要加强护理本科学生死亡教育,使其形成正向死亡态度;同时,有必要针对护理本科学生死亡教育需求及内涵作更系统、更全面的研究。     

Knowledge and attitudes of medical, nursing, dentistry and health technician students towards organ donation: a pilot study

Aim. This pilot study assesses the knowledge and attitudes of medicine, nursing, dentistry and health technical students toward organ donation. Background. Medicine, nursing, dentistry and health technical students’ knowledge of and attitudes towards organ donation may be a factor in organ procurement rates. There is a lack of information about how Turkish medicine, nursing, dentistry and health technical students perceive organ donation, and what they know about it. Method. Students completed a self‐administered questionnaire after a lecture. The questionnaire included a test that was used to assess knowledge of and attitudes about organ donation. Results. Of the students, 56·8% were men, 91·4% were 18–24‐year old and 89·4% from east region of Turkey. Of students, 65·5% were willing, 9% were not willing, 25·5% were hesitant about organ donation and 6% of willing students reported carrying a signed card. The most common reason for unwillingness to organ donation was worries about illegal behaviours (2·4%). There was a statistical relationship between willingness of students for organ donation and gender but were not any statistical relationship between willingness of students for organ donation and age, school, region and recognizing relatives whose need organ transplantation. Majority of the students listed transplantable organs truly but 63·1% were had no idea about organ donation process. Conclusion. Students’ had a lack of information about organ donation. The results of this study support a greater emphasis on providing information regarding transplantation in medicine, nursing, dentistry and health technical schools to improve the knowledge of future heath care professionals about transplantation and organ donation issues. Relevance to clinical practice. These findings highlight a need to review these schools’ curricula and emphasize the importance of organ transplantation. This strategy may be part of the solution to the chronic shortage of donor organs for transplantation.     

基于人性理论的在校护生生活护理态度的调查分析

目的 了解护生对生活护理的态度,从人性化管理的视角分析存在问题的原因,以便采取有效的教育对策.方法 自行设计问卷,采用整群抽样的方法,于2010年3～4月对736名在校护生进行调查.结果 从行为因子的得分可见,在校护生对多数生活护理项目有较高的参与意愿,但对排泄护理、清洁护理等较脏较累的生活护理参与意愿较低;学历和学生...     

Stress levels and coping strategies among undergraduate nursing students in Greece during economic recession: a cross-sectional study

AimTo identify factors contributing to Greek nursing students’ stress and the coping strategies used.BackgroundStress experienced by nursing students in the context of ongoing economic recession is as yet unexplored.DesignA cross-sectional study .MethodologyUndergraduate nursing students (n = 424) completed the Student Nurse Stress Index (short version) and the Brief COPE questionnaires during the year 2017.ResultsMost of the participants stated that their current financial status (81.7%) contributed towards their experience of stress, and they had higher scores on the interface worries subscale (p < 0.001). Female gender (p < 0.001) seniority (p = 0.005) and stress of transportation from home to university (p = 0.019) significantly increased the SNSI total score as well as most of the stress subscales scores. As far as coping subscales were concerned, higher means were shown in active/positive coping (mean 2.95), seeking support (mean 2.84), expression of negative feelings (mean 2.71) and avoidance (2.47). However, the use of higher maladaptive coping strategies was noted in cases presenting higher SNSI Total score, interface worries and personal problems.ConclusionThe introduction of stress management training and conflict management skills ought to be considered. Fund raising initiatives should be considered to provide financial assistance to those in need.     

Tobacco use and baccalaureate nursing students: a study of their attitudes,beliefs and personal behaviours

Aim. To report findings about student nurses' attitudes, beliefs and personal behaviour in relation to tobacco issues. Rationale. Nurses have the potential to influence clients' behaviours and public policy concerning tobacco use. However, a review of the literature suggests that this is not happening. Further understanding of nursing students' attitudes, beliefs and behaviours regarding tobacco use is needed in order to develop strategies which can positively impact on their future health promotion role. Methods. A cross‐sectional survey of the total population of baccalaureate nursing students in one Canadian province was employed. Students were asked to complete a self‐administered questionnaire, which included questions related to their smoking history; stage of behavioural change, and beliefs and attitudes towards tobacco. Students also completed the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) and the Fagerström Nicotine Tolerance Scale. Findings. Two hundred and seventy‐two students (61·9%) responded. Sixty (22·1%) indicated that they smoked daily or in social situations. These smokers were found to have a fairly low level of nicotine dependence and although 91·4% said they wanted to quit, few were actively engaged in the quitting process (16·9%). When comparing the beliefs and attitudes of smoking and non‐smoking students, proportionally more of the non‐smokers agreed that smokers will need close family/friends to help them quit; that the health of society should be protected by laws against smoking; and that nurses should set a non‐smoking example. Non‐smokers indicated more health promoting behaviours on items in the HPLP especially on the variables of physical activity, nutrition and stress management. Conclusions. Nurses have the potential to influence clients' behaviours and public policy concerning tobacco use. Developing future nurses with the knowledge and skill to do so needs to be an important emphasis of nursing curricula.     

Beliefs and attitudes of final-year nursing students on honour crimes: a cross-sectional study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate perceptions of nursing students about honour crimes and examine their beliefs about inquiring information from the victims of honour crimes. A questionnaire including demographic data was administered to a sample of 225 male and female final-year students in a nursing school. Among them, we found that significantly more male students than female students justify honour crimes. Although the majority of both male and female nursing students believed that asking for honour crimes is useful, significantly more male than female nursing students were against screening for honour crimes. This study supports the belief that gender has an influence on nurses' perceptions, attitudes and tolerance of honour crimes.     

"Putting the words 'I am sad', just doesn't quite cut it sometimes!": the use of art to promote emotional awareness in nursing students

This paper explores a way in which Heidegger's later philosophy on meditative thinking can be used to support the development of emotional self awareness in pre registration nursing students. The development of art work supported the consideration of feelings in relation to particular incidents from practice. The students were afforded the opportunity to think 'for thinking's sake' about their feelings around emotionally challenging situations. They were then more able to consider others' feelings and think differently about the situations encountered. The students found the process beneficial although in an already packed curriculum, it may be difficult to afford the time and space needed to adopt more transformatory ways of learning. A more objective and focused delivery may be preferable to the nurse educator, but when exploring human emotion, consideration could be given to whether this is beneficial to the student.     

The effects of high-fidelity simulation training on empathy and attitudes toward older people among undergraduate nursing students: A quasi-experimental study

AimTo evaluate the effects of high-fidelity simulation training on attitudes towards older people and empathy among undergraduate nursing students.BackgroundPeople worldwide are living longer and, consequently, the number of older people is increasing globally. Geriatric syndromes are highly prevalent and associated with increased morbidity and mortality in this population. Positive attitudes towards older people and high levels of empathy are necessary for the provision of high-quality nursing care, which will contribute towards improving the quality of life of older patients affected by these syndromes.MethodsA quasi-experimental study was conducted using a longitudinal design with a single group and a pre- and post-intervention evaluation. The development of attitudes towards older people and empathy skills were evaluated using high-fidelity simulation-based training, comparing the levels obtained in these skills at baseline and after the simulation experience. The simulated scenarios recreated the great geriatric syndromes in older patients: instability, immobility, intellectual impairment and incontinence.ResultsAfter the simulation sessions, nursing students significantly improved their total scores for both attitudes toward older people and empathy, moreover, improvements were found in the three subscales of empathy. The effect size was large for the total scores of both the attitudes towards older people and the empathy scales and the ‘perspective taking’ subscale. The obtained effect size was small for the ‘compassionate care’ subscale, whereas for the ‘standing in the patient’s shoes’ subscale, the obtained effect size was medium.ConclusionsOur high-fidelity simulation-based training allows undergraduate nursing students to improve their empathy levels and positive attitudes toward older people. The development of these skills may provide benefits directly related to high-quality care for older patients. Therefore, the inclusion of simulation training programs in geriatric nursing study plans is necessary to train nursing students in the care of older people and to prepare them for real clinical practice.     

护理本科学生时间管理倾向的调查

目的调查不同年级护理本科学生时间管理倾向的现状,进一步明确护理专业本科学生时间管理倾向需要调节和加强的方面,并为开展相关教学提供基础依据。方法本研究为描述性研究,采用“青少年时间管理倾向量表”对我院在校护理本科学生进行问卷调查。结果本研究共发放问卷210份,有效回收率97．62％。护生的时间管理倾向总分均值为（146．04±16）分,属于较高水平。二至四年级的时间管理倾向总分及3个子维度得分呈上升趋势。不同年级本科护生均在时间价值感、时间监控观及时间效能感上差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论通过了解护生在时间管理倾向上的水平,发现护生在时间管理能力方面存在的薄弱环节具有一定的参考价值。因此学校应有针对性地开展培养和指导工作,使护理本科学生具备驾驭时间的能力,为高效地完成学习和未来的护理工作任务打下坚实的基础。     

Predictors of negative attitudes toward Indigenous Australians and a unit of study among undergraduate nursing students: A mixed-methods study

Indigenous people are the most disadvantaged population within Australia. The Bachelor of Nursing program at a large university in Western Sydney embedded Indigenous health into the undergraduate teaching program. This paper reviews the negative responses received towards course content on evaluation of the Indigenous health unit and explores the predictors for the negative attitudes towards Indigenous Australians. Two surveys were used (baseline and follow-up) to: 1. Determine the main predictors for negative attitudes towards Indigenous people and; 2. Explore students' perceptions of the educational quality of the Indigenous health unit. The surveys allowed collection of socio-demographic, academic data and included the 18 item ‘Attitude Toward Indigenous Australians’ (ATIA) scale and open-ended responses. Students who were: 1. Overseas born, 2. Enrolment category: International student and; 3. Whose primary source of information about Indigenous Australians were the media and school were significantly more likely to have higher negative attitudes towards Indigenous Australians. Qualitative data revealed some unfavourable comments dismissing the value and educational quality of the content within the Indigenous health unit. Community engagement is paramount to enhancing the student experience. Movement away from media driven ‘hype’ to an educated perspective is necessary to create an accurate portrayal of the Indigenous community.     

实习护生对护理应急预案认知的调查

目的了解护生临床实习后对护理应急预案知识掌握的情况,为临床带教中增加应急预案知识的教学内容及其必要性提供依据。方法采用自行设计的护理应急预案知识测试量表,以北京市某三级医院75名实习护生作为调查研究对象进行问卷测试调查,对问卷得分进行分析,运用独立样本t检验,比较不同学历实习护生问卷得分情况。结果问卷回收率为100％,有效率为96％,100％的实习护生认为有进行护理应急预案学习的必要性;中专生应急预案知识总分为（39．00±2．716）分,大专生应急预案知识总分为（38．67±2．474）分,且间比较差异无统计学意义（t=0．545,P=0．588）。结论实习护生普遍缺乏医院护理应急预案的知识,l临床教学中应加强护生对护理应急预案知识的教育和危机意识、应对能力的培养。