Duffy blood group system and ocular toxoplasmosis

Duffy blood group phenotypes [Fy(a + b-), Fy(a-b+), Fy(a + b+), Fy(a-b-)], characterized by the expression of Fy^a, and Fy^b antigens, are present in red blood cells. Therefore, we hypothesize that the non-hematopoietic expression of these antigens might influence cell invasion by T. gondii.576 consecutive patients from both genders were enrolled. The presumed OT clinical diagnosis was performed. Duffy phenotyping was performed by hemagglutination in gel columns and for the correct molecular characterization Fy(a-b-) phenotype, using PCR-RFLP. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA. Chi-square, Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the proportions.OT was present in 22.9% (n = 132) and absent in 77.1% (n = 444) of patients. The frequencies of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were higher in OT (127/132, 96.2%) than those without this disease (321/444, 72.3%) (p < .0001). None of the Duffy antigens or phenotypes were associated with T. gondii infection (χ2: 2.222, GL: 3, p = .5276) as well as the risk of OT (χ2: 0.771, GL: 3, p = .8566).Duffy blood group system phenotypes and their antigens do not constitute risk factors for infection by T. gondii infection and the development of OT.     

The Duffy blood group and malaria prevalence in Gambian West Africans.

Erythrocytes from 1,168 donors, comprising almost the entire populations of two rural Gambian villages, have been tested for Duffy blood group antigens using antisera to both Fya and Fyb. All tests were negative. Blood film examination of the same samples showed complete absence of Plasmodium vivax parasitaemia, but infections with P. falciparum,P. malariae and P. ovale were observed. The findings are consistent with the view that the Duffy-negative phenotype, FyFy, constitutes the basis of innate resistance towards infection with P. vivax but not towards infection with the other plasmodial species.     

Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite variants and Duffy blood group genotypes in the Brazilian Amazon region

The circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of the Plasmodium vivax infective sporozoite is considered to be a major target for the development of recombinant malaria vaccines. The Duffy blood group molecule acts as the red blood cell receptor for P. vivax. We review the frequency of P. vivax CSP variants and report their association with the Duffy blood group genotypes from Brazilian Amazon patients carrying P. vivax malaria. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 155 P. vivax-infected individuals from five Brazilian malaria-endemic areas. The P. vivax CSP variants and the Duffy blood group genotypes were assessed using PCR/RFLP. In single infections, the VK210 variant was the commonest followed by the P. vivax-like variant. The typing of P. vivax indicated that the frequency of variants among the study areas was significantly different from one to another. This is the first detection of the VK247 and P. vivax-like variant in single infections in endemic areas of Brazil. Association of the CSP P. vivax variants with the heterozygous Duffy blood group system genotype was significant for VK210 single infection. These observations provide additional data on the Plasmodium-host interactions concerning the Duffy blood group and P. vivax capability of causing human malaria.     

精神分裂症患者ABO血型调查

目的探讨精神分裂症与ABO血型之间的关系。方法用试管正反定型法对患者ABO血型进行检测,并与正常人血型对照。结果 554例精神分裂症患者ABO血型分布与1 177例正常人比较,差异无统计学意义;男性与女性患者血型分布比较;A、B及O型血型分布在两性别间差异无统计学意义,但AB型分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.600 6,P0.01),男性中AB型比例远高于女性。结论精神分裂症在河南地区男性患者中A型比例较高,女性患者中O型比例较高;AB型男性患者比例远高于女性患者比例。     

团体标准政策解析和中华预防医学会团体标准化实践

近年来我国对团体标准的法律和政策供给力度不断加大,出台了一系列鼓励支持团体标准发展的政策措施。2018年1月1日起实施的新《标准化法》正式赋予了团体标准法律地位,团体标准正式成为了我国标准体系的一部分。在良好的法律和政策环境支持下,越来越多的社会团体积极参与到制定发布团体标准中来。团体标准虽然呈现迅猛发展的势头,但目前仍处在探索和逐步规范的阶段。本文通过总结中华预防医学会团体标准化工作的发展和实践情况,分析我国团体标准化工作现状和不足,并提出了推动和规范团体标准发展的对策和建议。     

群体音乐治疗对女性精神分裂症患者的疗效观察

目的:观察群体音乐治疗作为辅助疗法对于女性精神分裂症患者临床症状改善的作用效果.方法:采用随机数字法将84例病情稳定的女性精神分裂症患者分为研究组和对照组,各42例.对照组患者给予常规的抗精神分裂症药物治疗及临床护理,研究组患者在常规药物治疗基础的同时给予群体性音乐治疗.采用简易精神病学评估量表(BPRS)、治疗前后阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)对两组患者治疗前后临床症状进行评估.结果:两组治疗前的BPRS量表得分和PANSS总分无统计学差异;治疗3个月后,研究组、对照组的BPRS量表得分和PANSS总分均较治疗前下降明显(P<0.01);而且经过音乐治疗后,研究组的BPRS量表得分和PANSS总分均显著低于对照组(P<0.01).结论:群体音乐治疗作为辅助疗法可以显著改善女性精神分裂症患者的临床症状,促进其早日康复.     

首发儿童精神分裂症患者行为特征与颅脑结构的关系

探讨首发儿童精神分裂症患者行为特征与颅脑结构的差异,为儿童精神分裂症的早期发现及预防提供依据.方法 根据美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,DSM-Ⅳ)精神分裂症的诊断标准,选取在新乡医学院第二附属医院住院就诊的96例首发儿童精神分裂症患儿为病例组,以49名正常儿童为对照组1,100名正常儿童为对照组2.采用3.0 T磁共振成像(MRI)检测对照组1及病例组儿童的颅脑结构,用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)回顾性评估所有对照组2及病例组611岁儿童的行为特征.结果 病例组儿童的第三脑室横径及侧脑室前脚均高于对照组1(t值分别为3.00,2.13,P值均<0.05),胼胝体体部厚度、尾状核头部宽度、海马厚度均低于对照组1(t值分别为-2.44,-7.68,-5.07,P值均<0.05).病例组的社会能力总分及学校情况因子分均低于对照组2(t/Z值分别为-4.30,4.85,P值均<0.01),行为问题总分及社交退缩、分裂强迫、攻击因子分均高于对照组2(Z值分别为3.00,2.56,2.75,3.66,P值均<0.05).社会能力总分与胼胝体体部厚度、扣带回、尾状核体部长度、海马宽度及海马厚度均呈正相关;行为问题总分与尾状核体部长度及海马宽度均呈负相关(P值均<0.05).结论 首发儿童精神分裂症患者病前存在较低的社会能力及较多的行为问题,患病后存在脑室扩大和颅脑结构异常;患病前社会能力越低或行为问题越多,患病后脑室扩大和颅脑结构异常越明显.     

Changes in blood oxidative and antioxidant parameters in a group of Chinese patients with age-related macular degeneration

Objective  

To measure the oxidative and antioxidant biochemical parameters in the serum of Chinese patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and in a similar age control group from the same area.     

遗传基因与精神分裂症的关系

目的探讨人类5q33区域内LOC345614基因位点与精神分裂症的关系。方法应用PCR-RFLP方法检测91个中国汉族精神分裂症患者及其健康父母双亲组成的核心家系单核苷酸多态性（SNP）rs154110。结果rs154110基因型频率的分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡；单倍型相对风险分析（HRR）显示，rs154110与精神分裂症无关联（0=0．011，P〉0．05）；传递不平衡检验（TDT）显示，杂合父母传递给受累子女与非传递等位基因频率分布差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0．011，P〉0．05）；该位点与精神分裂症阳性症状的被害妄想、自责自罪妄想及其他妄想密切相关。结论5q33LOC345614位点rs154110与精神分裂症无关联，但其位点多态性与精神分裂症的被害妄想、自责自罪妄想及其他妄想症状密切相关。     

济南市无偿献血人群ABO血型及与Rh血型分布研究

目的 研究济南市无偿献血人群中ABO、Rh血型的分布特点,并分析其ABO、Rh抗原表现型及基因频率,是否符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律.方法 对山东省血液中心采集的282413份无偿献血样本采用血型血清学方法进行ABO、Rh血型检测,利用血型群体遗传学研究方法进行描述性分析.结果 2015-2017年无偿献血...     

我国19~79岁成年人血铅和血硒与血清超敏C反应蛋白的关联

目的:分析我国19~79岁成年人中血铅和血硒与血清超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）升高的关联。方法:调查对象来自第一轮中国国家人体生物监测项目（2017-2018年）,共纳入10 153名19~79岁的成年人。采集调查对象的空腹静脉血,检测全血中铅和硒的水平、血清hs-CRP水平,将hs-CRP>3.0 mg/L定义为h...     

Association between O blood group and occurrence and severity of diarrhoea due to Escherichia coli

During studies of diarrhoea due to Escherichia coli in 316 adult volunteers, ABO and Rh blood group determinations were done to look for differences in the occurrence or severity of illness in association with certain blood groups. In studies using heat-labile enterotoxin-producing E. coli, volunteers with O blood group had a significantly higher attack rate for diarrhoea than persons with other blood groups. In contrast, in studies with enteropathogenic or heat-stable enterotoxin-producing E. coli, no association was found between occurrence of diarrhoea and ABO group. These studies, and previous studies finding a similarly increased susceptibility to cholera in persons with O blood group, suggest that the mechanism of increased risk involves an interaction between blood group substances and the similar enterotoxin produced by E. coli and Vibrio cholerae.     

中国精神分裂症患者自杀风险影响因素的Meta分析

目的 系统分析我国精神分裂症患者自杀风险的影响因素,为预防自杀行为提供循证依据。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普数据库,中国生物医学文献服务系统,搜集建库至2022年9月发表的有关中国精神分裂症患者自杀风险影响因素相关的文献,由两名研究者根据纳入和排除标准独立完成文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价,并采用Stata17.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 共纳入文献22篇,累积样本量13 266例,纳入研究质量均为中等以上。Meta分析结果显示,女性（OR=2.63,95%CI:1.88～3.66)、照顾者对疾病知识了解程度低（OR=5.46,95%CI:1.58～18.84)、饮酒（OR=2.30,95%CI:1.58～3.34)、吸烟（OR=2.45,95%CI:1.66～3.63)、自杀未遂史（OR=5.77,95%CI:4.16～7.46)、家族自杀史（OR=3.89,95%CI:1.64～9.24)、服药依从性低（OR=3.18,95%CI:1.71～5.19)、自知力缺乏（OR=3.49...     

团体心理治疗对康复期精神分裂症患者临床效果评价

目的 探究应用团体心理治疗对康复期的精神分裂症患者的临床治疗效果。方法 选取某医院在2018年8月—2019年8月期间收治的精神分裂症患者98例,将其按照随机数表法随机分为对照组(49例)与观察组(49例),将观察组患者纳入团体心理治疗中,而对照组患者则不进行团体心理治疗,其余的治疗方法、药物均相同。观察对比两组患者的治疗效果。结果 经治疗,患者的简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、自我和谐量表(SCCS)以及慢性精神病分裂症社会功能评定量表(SSSI)评分的分值,对照组分别是(31.80±4.25)、(92.75±4.22)、(13.25±2.48);观察组分别是(27.02±3.22)、(85.25±3.51)、(11.09±2.05),优于对照组(P<0.05);经治疗后,患者的阳性阴性症状评分观察组亦优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 应用团体心理治疗的模式,可提升精神分裂症患者的治疗效果,使患者的社会功能、精神状态评价得到显著改善,同时,还有利于患者的再就业和正常日常生活,值得临床推广。     

奥氮平和利培酮对精神分裂症患者血糖和血脂的影响

目的探讨奥氮平和利培酮对精神分裂症患者体重、血糖和血脂的影响,对比其差异。方法选取60名精神分裂症患者,随机分为奥氮平组和利培酮组各30例,分别给以奥氮平和利培酮治疗,于入组时和28 d后分别测量体重、血糖和血脂水平,同时用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定精神症状。结果与治疗前相比,2组患者体重均显著增加,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,总胆固醇（TCH）、甘油三酯（TG）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,血糖和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平变化不明显,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;治疗前后2组患者体重、血糖、血脂指标相比差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。治疗后奥氮平组PANSS量表分值明显低于利培酮组[（37.90±9.884）vs（43.66±9.37）],差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论奥氮平和利培酮对精神分裂症患者体重、血脂均有明显影响,奥氮平降低PANSS分的作用大于利培酮。