CD^＋4TH细胞亚群与1型糖尿病

近年来的研究发现，Ｔｈ细胞可根据分泌细胞因子的不同分为Ｔｈ１和Ｔｈ２亚群，这两类细胞交叉调节、相互抑制，对维持免疫平衡起重要作用。１型糖尿病是一咱Ｔ细胞介导的器官特异性的自身免疫疾病，在发病过程中，占优势地位的Ｔｈ１及其细胞因子促进细胞免疫反应，导致胰岛β细胞身躯免疫破坏；而Ｔｈ２及细胞因子促进体液免疫反应，抑制细胞免疫反应，具有免疫保护作用。调节Ｔｈ１／Ｔｈ２平衡有可能成为预防和治疗１型糖尿病的     

慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者外周血CD^＋4淋巴细胞凋亡的检测 …

采用流式细胞仪检测了２６例慢性特发性血小板性紫癜患者外周血中ＣＤ＾＋４细胞的体外凋亡率,以ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测其血小板相关抗体含量。结果显示,ＣＩＴＰ组外周血ＣＤ＾＋４细胞凋亡了率显著高于正常对照组,Ｐ＝０．０１,其中泼尼松难治组与有效组无显著差异;ＣＩＴＰ组ＰＡＩｇＧ含量显著高于对照组,Ｐ〈０．０１;ＰＡＩｇＧ含量与ＣＤ＾＋４细胞体外凋亡率成正相关。认为体外ＣＤ＾＋４细胞凋亡异常反映了体内此类细胞的     

日本血吸虫感染过程中宿主CD^＋4CD^＋8T细胞凋亡的相关基因转录水平的研究

目的：探讨在日本血吸虫感染的过程中,宿主CD^ 4和CD^ 8T细胞凋亡的相关基因p53,bcl-2,TGFβ在转录水平上的变化,方法：用地高辛标记的探针作原位杂交,观察凋亡相关基因在日本血吸虫感染过程中CD ^ 4和CD^ 8T细胞中转录水平的变化,结果：在日本血吸虫感染过程中,CD^ 4和CD^ 8T细胞中促凋亡基因p53和TGF－βRNA的表达随感染时间的延长而升高,感染后第10周起CD^ 4T 细胞p53和TGF－βmRNA的表达明显高于CD^ 8T细胞,差异有显著意义,抑制凋亡发生的基因bcl-2mRNA表达水平则与之相反,CD^ 4T细胞bcl-2mRNA的表达从感染从第10周起显著下降,而CD^ 4T细胞bcl-2mRNA的表达水平无显著性变化,结论：在日本血吸虫感染过程中,CD^ 4T细胞凋亡比率超过CD^ 4/CD^ 8T细胞,CD^ 4/CD^ 8T细胞比值下降与p53,bcl-2,TGF-β基因的活化有关。     

类风湿关节炎患者外周血CD4^＋F淋巴细胞基因表达谱研究探讨

类风湿关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis，RA）是一种严重危害人类健康的慢性自身免疫性疾病，其发病机制不十分明确，一直是国内外医学界关注的课题。研究表明，RA发病与CD4T淋巴细胞有密切关系。本研究应用基因芯片技术．对RA患者及正常人群外周血CD4^＋T细胞基因差异表达进行探索，为阐明RA发病机制提供基因组学基础。     

过敏性紫癜患儿静脉血ICAM—1的表达意义

目的 探讨全身血管炎症性疾患－过敏性紫癜细胞间粘附分子－１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）的表达意义。方法 采用半定量反转录－聚合酶链反应测定了１３例患儿及５名健康儿静脉血白细胞中ＩＣＡＭ－１表达。结果 １２例患儿呈阳性表达（９２．３１％），４Ｑ名健康儿呈阴性表达；患儿中６例有肾脏损害（４６．１５％），其中５例ＩＣＡＭ－１表达阳性。经秩和检验，患儿组与对照组间有明显差异（Ｐ〈０．００５）。结论 ＩＣＡＭ－１是全身     

TNF-α基因多态性与类风湿性关节炎相关性研究

目的:探讨肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)启动子区-308基因多态性与湖北汉族人类风湿性关节炎(RA)易感性的关系。方法:用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性(PCR/RFLP)的方法对113例RA患者及126例健康人进行TNF-α的-308位点多态性分析。结果:RA组与对照组TNF-α的-308位点的基因型频率和等位基因频率G/G、G/A、A/A之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);并且TNF-α的-308位点的基因多态性与RA活动期指标ESR和CRP高低无关。结论:TNF-α启动子区-308基因多态性不是类风湿性关节炎易感性和严重程度的一个风险因子。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者红细胞I型补体受体与淋巴细胞细胞间粘附分子—1／淋巴细胞功能相关抗原—1表达的研究

系统性红斑狼疮 (ｓｙｓｔｅｍｉｃｌｕｐｕｓｅｒｙｔｈｅｍａｔｏｓｕｓ ,ＳＬＥ)是一种自身免疫性疾病 ,在免疫学上最突出特点是Ｂ细胞功能亢进 ,自发产生大量多克隆免疫球蛋白和自身抗体。其主要病理改变是由于大量的自身抗体与抗原结合形成免疫复合物并激活补体引起血管炎症。随着人们对ＳＬＥ发病机制探讨的进一步深入 ,粘附分子 (ＣＡＭｓ)在ＳＬＥ中的异常改变已引起了人们的高度重视。已知淋巴细胞功能相关抗原 1(ＬＦＡ 1,ＣＤ11ａ/ＣＤ18)和细胞间粘附分子 1(ＩＣＡＭ 1,ＣＤ5 4 )是一对存在配受体关系的重要粘附分子 ,与ＳＬＥ…     

趋化因子受体CCR4在活动期类风湿关节炎患者外周血CD4+T细胞表达的研究

目的 探讨活动期类风湿关节炎(aRA)患者趋化因子受体CCR4在外周血CD4+T细胞的表达及其意义,并对该表达与血清重要细胞因子水平的相关性进行研究.方法流式细胞计数方法对12例aRA患者和10名健康对照者外周血CD4+T细胞表面CCR4的表达情况进行检测;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测患者血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-10及干扰素(IFN)-γ的水平并记录患者相关临床及实验室资料.分析及评价aRA患者外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+CCR4+T细胞百分数(CD4+CCR4+T%)与TNF-α、IL-10、IFN-γ的血清水平及临床指标的相关性.结果 aRA组外周血CD4+CCR4+T%明显高于健康对照组(P＜0.01).aRA组血清TNF-α(P＜0.01)、IL-10(P＜0.01)及IFN-γ(P＜0.01)水平明显高于健康对照组.在检测的细胞因子中,aRA患者血清IL-10水平与CD4+CCR4+T%呈明显正相关关系(r＝0.66,P＜0.05).在临床指标中,CD4+CCR4+T%与aRA患者Lunsbury关节指数、血沉、C反应蛋白及血小板计数呈明显正相关关系(P＜0.05).结论 CCR4在CD4+T细胞趋化至病变关节过程中可能发挥重要作用;外周血CD4+CCR4+T%与血清IL-10水平密切相关;该百分数可以作为临床评价RA活动性的一个敏感指标.     

成人HIV／AIDS CD^4＋细胞数与病毒载量之间关系分析

目的分析成人HIV/AIDS患者CD4~+细胞数与病毒载量(VL)之间的关系。方法对1990年—2001年在本院就诊的200例HIV/AIDS患者进行跟踪分析。结果 CD4~+≥200/μl时,血浆VL(log10)为4.17±0.79;CD4~+<200/μl时,血浆VL(log10)为5.01±0.72,VL水平明显高于CD~+≥200/μl组(P<0.01)。其中CD4~+>350/μl时,血浆VL(log10)为3.95±0.82;CD4~+200～350/μl时.血浆VL(log10)为4.43±0.63;CD4~+100～200/μl时,血浆VL(log10)为4.85±0.68;CD4~+<100/μl时,血浆VL(log10)为5.16±0.68。结论 HIV/AIDS患者CD4~+细胞数与病毒复制有非常密切的关系,外周血CD4~+细胞数与血浆VL的变化呈负相关关系。当血浆VL(log10)>5.01±0.72时,应考虑患者已进入艾滋病期。     

类风湿关节炎患者CD+4T细胞亚群异常及其意义

为明确ＣＤ 4的Ｔ细胞亚群Ｔｈ1、Ｔｈ2之间的平衡在类风湿关节炎 (ＲＡ)发病中的意义 ,我们分别以干扰素 (ＩＦＮ) γ、白细胞介素 (ＩＬ) 4作为Ｔｈ1、Ｔｈ2亚群的代表性指标 ,用半定量反转录聚合酶链反应 (ＲＴ ＰＣＲ)方法测定ＲＡ患者外周血单个核细胞 (ＰＢＭＣ)及滑膜组织中ＩＬ 4、ＩＦＮ γｍＲＮＡ水平 ,并探讨ＩＬ 4、ＩＦＮ γ表达与疾病活动的关系。一、材料和方法1.观察对象 :(1)ＰＢＭＣ观察组 :ＲＡ16例 ,来自 1997～1998年在解放军总医院住院的ＲＡ患者 ,诊断符合ＡＲＡ1987年修订标准。正常外周血标本 15例 ,来自该院…     

Affordable CD4(+) T-cell counts on 'single-platform' flow cytometers I. Primary CD4 gating

Here, we demonstrate the flow cytometric concept of 'primary CD4 gating' utilizing three different CD4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) conjugated with five different fluorochromes. CD4(+) lymphocytes were defined by an autogate in a single histogram of CD4 fluorescence intensity (FI) (y-axis) vs. side light scatter (x-axis). A wide range of absolute counts for > 600 individuals, including HIV(+) patients, were compared with those obtained by 'state-of-the-art' single-platform flow cytometers such as the volumetric Ortho CytoronAbsolute and the Becton Dickinson FACSCalibur using TruCount beads. The correlation between CD4 counts obtained with primary CD4 gating and the full test panel on the Ortho Cytoron was excellent (R(2) = 0.999). Bland-Altman statistics showed a mean difference of -2 cells/mm(3) [confidence interval (CI) 95% = -3 to -1; limits of agreement -27 to +23]. In addition to absolute CD4 counts, CD4% values and CD4/CD8 ratios are also frequently requested. To obtain these, lymphocytes need to be counted using scatter gates, and a second tube stained with a CD8 mAb to count CD8(++) lymphocytes can be incorporated. We conclude that primary CD4 gating on single-platform volumetric flow cytometers is one of the most economical and flexible technologies for routine cost-conscious service work, particularly during the follow-up of patients undergoing anti-HIV therapy and/or vaccination in the developing world.     

上海地区健康成人CD4、CD8及CD4/CD8正常值与HIV感染者初诊时值比较

目的 对上海地区 HIV感染者初诊时的 CD4、CD8、CD4/CD8比值与正常值进行比较,以了解早期 T细胞亚群的变化。方法 选取上海地区 64例 HIV感染者,取其 CD4淋巴细胞计数及 CD4/CD8初始值,与正常成人CD4淋巴细胞计数及其CD4/CD8进行比较。并且取其中47例根据感染时间的长短分为2年之内、3～5年、6～8年三组,比较三组之间的差异。结果HIV感染者CD4淋巴细胞计数初始值与正常成人CD4淋巴细胞计数比较差异有显著性,CD4/CD8比值比较差异亦有显著性。结论HIV感染者早期即有CD4淋巴细胞计数下降和CD4/CD8比值下降。感染时间越长,CD4淋巴细胞计数及CD4/CD8比值越低,CD8淋巴细胞计数值也是逐渐下降的。     

CD20- and CD56-Positive T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia in a Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Carrier

A 60-year-old man was diagnosed with asymptomatic T-cell granular lymphocyte (T-LGL) leukemia in September 2006. He was serologically positive for human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). However, monoclonal integration of the HTLV-1 genome was not detected in the peripheral blood, suggesting that HTLV-1 did not contribute to the pathogenesis of T-LGL leukemia in the present case. Phenotypically, neoplastic cells of our case were CD3+, CD4*, CD8+, CD16-, CD56+, CD57*, and T-cell receptor (TCR) alphabeta+. They also coexpressed CD20 antigen with weak intensity. This represented a unique case of T-LGL leukemia showing a typical clinical and phenotypic features.     

The expression of chemokine receptor CXCR3: relevance to disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis

 CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) is selectively expressed on T helper 1 (Th1) type T cells and has been shown to be responsible for Th1-dominant immune responses. In this study, we analyzed the expression of CXCR3 on peripheral blood T lymphocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by FACS analysis using antihuman CXCR3 monoclonal antibody and determined the clinical relevance in this disease. Significantly higher expression of CXCR3 was found on peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes of RA patients than healthy controls. The CXCR3 expression in RA patients with a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate was significantly higher than in those with a low erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Moreover, we found that the CXCR3 expression in RA patients with long-term disease duration was significantly higher than in those with short-term disease. On the other hand, CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4), which was shown to be selectively expressed on Th2-type T cells, was expressed at low levels in RA patients as well as in healthy controls. The serum level of interleukin (IL)-18 in RA patients was higher than that in healthy controls, although there was no statistically significant difference. This study suggests that the Th1 immune response is predominant in RA and that CXCR3 may have relevance in regard to the disease course in RA patients. Received: January 28, 2002 / Accepted: August 14, 2002     

CTLA-4基因外显子1A/G49多态性与1型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的 探讨细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（CTLA－4）基因外显子1的49位点A／G多态性与中国汉族人1型糖尿病（DM）的关系。方法 采用多聚酶链式反应限制性片段长度多态性（PCR－RFLP）技术对33例典型1型DM患者、57例成人晚发自身免疫性糖尿病患者（LADA)和84例健康对照者分析CTLA－4基因外显子1的49位点基因型。结果 1型DM患者的CTLA－4／G^49等位基因频率显著高于对照组（P=0.0005)，而典型1型DM和LADA两组间无显著性差异（P＝0.097)；ICA和GADAb阳性率与G^49无明显相关性（分别为P＝0.065,P=0.066)。结论 CTLA－4基因外显子1多态性与中国汉族人1型DM有关，G^49等位基因是1型DM的独立危险因素之一。     

湖北成人CD4、CD8T淋巴细胞计数正常值调查及CD4与总淋巴细胞数的相关性分析

目的了解中国湖北成人CD4抗原阳性的T淋巴细胞(CD4)、CD8抗原阳性的T淋巴细胞(CD8)、CD3抗原阳性的T淋巴细胞(CD3)及CD4/CD8、CD4/CD3正常值参考范围,以及总淋巴细胞计数(TLC)与CD4之间的关系.方法选取120例15～60岁健康人不同年龄组的血标本,用Becton Dickinson公司生产的FACSCount自动化仪检测CD4、CD8、CD3、CD4/CD8、CD4/CD3,计算相关数据的正常值参考范围,并将其与国外数据作比较.用美国雅培CEILDYN(R)3700血液全自动分析仪作全血总淋巴细胞计数.结果CD4值为681±21/mm3(-x±Sd,以下相同),CD8值为510±26/mm3,CD3值为1 299±38/mm3,CD4/CD8值为1.43±0.06,CD4/CD3值为0.54±0.10,TLC值为1 752±48/mm3.CD4、CD8、CD3计数及CD4/CD8、CD4/CD3在不同性别、年龄组之间差别无显著性.CD4与TLC之间有显著的直线正相关性,r=0.647,回归方程为√CD4=0.422√TLC+8.444.结论CD4、CD3、CD8等正常值在不同性别、年龄间相近.中国湖北成人CD4值与中国上海成人之间无差别,但显著低于国外值.在无条件检测CD4计数的情况下,可用TLC推测CD4的值.中国现有的治疗标准需要进一步探讨.     

The effects of an HIV-1 immunogen (Remune) on viral load, CD4 cell counts and HIV-specific immunity in a double-blind, randomized, adjuvant-controlled subset study in HIV infected subjects regardless of concomitant antiviral drugs

Objective   We examined the activity of an HIV-1 immunogen (Remune) on viral load, CD4 cells and HIV-1 specific immunity.
Methods   Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained in a predefined random subset of subjects ( n  = 252) from a multicentre, double-blind, adjuvant-controlled phase III clinical endpoint study.
Results   The subjects treated with the HIV-1 immunogen had a significantly greater decline in viral load at multiple time points ( P  < 0.05), a trend towards increased CD4+ T cell counts and significantly enhanced HIV-1 specific immune responses as measured by HIV-1 lymphocyte proliferation ( P  < 0.001) compared to the adjuvant control group. Furthermore, in the HIV-1 immunogen treated group, enhanced HIV-1 specific lymphocyte proliferative immune responses were associated with decreased HIV-1 plasma RNA.
Conclusion   These results suggest that, in a predefined, random subset of subjects, a beneficial effect of the HIV-1 immunogen was observed on viral load, CD4+ T cells, and HIV-specific immunity. These differences were observed in a background of multiple drug therapies. Ongoing trials are evaluating the effect of the combination of this HIV-1 specific, immune-based therapy with potent antiviral drug therapy on virological outcomes.     

Decreased numbers of signal-joint T cell receptor excision circle-containing CD4+ and CD8+ cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have a decreased number of peripheral blood T cells containing signal-joint T cell receptor excision circles (Sj TRECs), which are considered an indicator of thymic output. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the decrease in such T cells. Peripheral blood T cells from SLE patients were classified into CD4+ and CD8+ cells. Sj TREC levels were measured by real-time PCR. Telomerase activity was determined by the telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay. The numbers of Sj TREC containing CD4+ and CD8+ cells were lower in the peripheral blood of SLE patients than in the controls. A correlation was found between the numbers of Sj TREC-positive CD4+ and CD8+ cells. The level of TRECs is influenced by an increase in cell division. To examine this increase, telomerase activity as an indicator of cell division was measured simultaneously; however, there was no correlation between the Sj TREC level and telomerase activity. These results suggest that decreased thymic output occurs in SLE patients.     

HIV阳性的IDU人群和MSM人群血浆IgG及其亚型特征

目的探索艾滋病病毒（HIV）阳性的静脉吸毒（IDU）人群和男男性行为（MSM）人群,IgG、IgG1-4是否有差异。方法抽取652份血清/血浆样品,其中正常人315份,HIV阳性静脉吸毒者222份,HIV阳性男男性行为者115份。HIV阳性血浆根据CD4＋T淋巴细胞数量分为两组：〈350细胞/μl组和≥350细胞/μl组;并且用夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）定量检测IgG水平,用竞争ELISA方法检测IgG1-4水平。结果 HIV阳性IDU人群：其IgG与健康人群相比无差异,其IgG1和IgG2低于健康人群,IgG3和IgG4高于健康人群;HIV阳性MSM人群：其IgG、IgG1和IgG3高于健康人群,但CD4＋≥350μl组的IgG和IgG1与健康人群相比无差异,IgG2低于健康人群,IgG4则是CD4〈350/μl组与健康人群相比无差异,而CD4＋≥350/μl组高于健康人群。结论 HIV阳性IDU人群和MSM人群之间IgG、IgG1和IgG4的变化趋势有差异,IgG2和IgG3的变化趋势相同。