尿激酶灌注引流治疗高血压脑出血

目的 探讨高血压脑出血微创手术治疗。方法与结果 对86例高血压脑出血的患者采用简易CT定位，血肿腔置管尿激酶灌注引流治疗，死亡14例，病死率16.3%，植物生存2例，取得较满意的结果，结论 血肿腔置管尿激酶灌注引流具有创伤小，操作简便，对患者干扰小等特点，是治疗高血压脑出血安全有效的方法。     

高血压脑出血小血肿钻孔引流与非手术疗效观察

目的比较高血压脑出血小血肿钻孔引流术与非手术治疗的临床疗效。方法选取本院高血压脑出血小脑幕上血肿量位于15～30mL和小脑幕下血肿量﹤10mL有梗阻性脑积水表现者40例,随机分成两组,每组20例,手术组根据CT片定位行颅骨钻孔血肿腔穿刺置管尿激酶溶解引流术,治疗后比较两组的血肿吸收时间及治疗效果。结果手术组总有效率高于非手术组,差异有统计学意义（〈0.05）。结论对于高血压脑出血小血肿患者,采用颅骨钻孔血肿腔穿刺置管尿激酶溶解引流术效果显著,神经功能恢复好;超早期及早期手术,神经功能恢复快。     

县级医院高血压脑出血的手术治疗探讨

目的探讨县级医院治疗高血压脑出血不同手术方式的临床疗效.方法采用小骨窗开颅血肿清除+置管引流治疗56例, CT定位下血肿腔穿刺钻孔置管引流治疗48例,开颅血肿清除+骨瓣减压治疗36例.结果小骨窗开颅手术组、血肿穿刺钻孔引流组和去骨瓣减压组存活率、血肿清除率、死亡率比较差异均有显著性.结论县级医院宜据病情制定个体化手术治疗方案.采用小骨窗微创手术治疗高血压脑出血具有恢复快,再出血率低,死亡率低等特点,是较理想的治疗方法.     

额部锥颅置管并灌注尿激酶引流治疗基底节区脑出血

目的探讨微创手术治疗高血压基底节区脑出血的方法。方法回顾性总结入选的31例高血压基底节区脑出血患者用额部冠状缝前发际内锥颅置管抽吸并注入尿激酶引流血肿的治疗方法。结果置管引流血肿全部成功,28例存活,死亡3例。结论额部锥颅置管并灌注尿激酶引流治疗基底节区脑出血是一种只需局麻、操作简单、创伤小、引流充分、恢复快、效果满意的治疗方法。     

CT定向小骨窗开颅联合尿激酶灌注治疗高血压脑出血

目的 探讨CT定向小骨窗开颅联合尿激酶灌注治疗高血压脑出血的有效性.方法 高血压脑出血病例13例,采用CT定向、小骨窗手术方法清除脑内血肿,血肿腔内留置引流管.术后尿激酶灌注引流1周.计算手术血肿清除率及灌注后7d血肿清除率.结果 术后血肿清除率65％～ 90％,灌注后7d血肿清除率84％ ～ 96％.随访时间3～24...     

钻孔抽吸加尿激酶灌注治疗高血压脑出血

目的探讨钻孔抽吸加尿激酶灌注治疗高血压脑出血的应用价值。方法对36例中重型高血压脑出血患者采用CT定位导引置管加尿激酶灌注引流解除颅内血肿压迫;同时与35例同类情况患者的内科保守治疗结果进行对照分析。结果治疗组生存率和神经功能恢复均明显高于对照组。结论颅内血肿穿刺抽吸术治疗高血压脑出血适应于基层医院,可大力开展。     

锥颅置管注入尿激酶引流治疗高血压脑出血

目的：探讨锥颅置管注入尿激酶引流治疗高血压脑出血的疗效。方法：采用锥颅置引流管血肿腔注入尿激酶引流治疗高血压脑出血60例，并与同期采用保守治疗的49例作比较，观察其临床疗效，结果：锥颅治疗组患者意识恢复平均3．1d，血肿消失平均3．2d，死亡9例，远期疗效：恢复良好率80％，与对照组比较差异有显著性（P＜0．05），结论：锥颅置管注入尿激酶引流治疗高血压脑出血是一种简单，疗效确切的方法。     

高血压脑出血破入脑室治疗体会

目的 探讨高血压脑出血破入脑室的治疗方法。方法 对31例高血压脑出血破入脑室患者，通过头部CT扫描定位，采用血肿穿刺置管尿激酶灌洗术辅以单侧或双侧脑室外引流术治疗。结果 本组31例，成活26例．死亡5例，有效率83．8％。结论 尽早实施血肿穿刺置管尿激酶反复灌洗术辅以侧脑室外引流治疗高血压脑出血破入脑室，是一种简单、安全有效的治疗方法。     

小骨窗开颅、脑室外引流结合尿激酶灌注治疗高血压脑出血破入脑室疗效观察

目的 探讨高血压脑出血破入脑室的外科治疗方法.方法将59例患者随机分为两组,A组(n=31)为小骨窗开颅血肿大部分清除同时行脑室外引流,结合血肿腔及脑室内尿激酶灌注引流残余血肿;B组(n=28)为常规骨瓣开颅血肿清除术.观察近期(1个月)及远期(＞3个月)疗效.结果两组对比近期疗效无差异,远期疗效A组优良率(41.9%)高于B组(17.9%)(P＜0.05).结论小骨窗开颅血肿大部分清除,脑室外引流结合血肿腔、脑室内尿激酶灌注清除残留血肿是目前高血压脑出血破入脑室较好的外科治疗方法.     

颅锥钻孔抽吸、尿激酶灌注治疗高血压性脑出血

目的：探讨颅锥钻孔抽吸血肿加尿激酶灌注引流治疗高血压性脑出血的疗效。方法：对50例高血压性脑出血病例进行颅锥钻孔加尿激酶灌注治疗。结果：总有效率为68%，术后第7天复查CT颅内血肿清除率为65%。结论：颅锥钻孔抽吸血肿加尿激酶灌注引流治疗高血压性脑出血疗效显著，操作简单。不需要贵重仪器，可以推广应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.