环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的：观察环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效。方法：100例充血性心力衰竭心功能Ⅲ—Ⅳ级住院患者，随机分为环磷腺苷葡胺治疗组(50例)和对照组(50例)。环磷腺苷葡胺治疗组：环磷腺苷葡胺150—180mg加入5％葡萄糖注射液250mg中，每日一次静脉滴注，连续7日；对照组：在充血性心力衰竭治疗中除不使用环磷腺苷葡胺外，其他治疗相似。结果：治疗l周后，治疗组总有效率94％，对照组总有效率72％(P＜0．001)。结论：环磷腺苷葡胺是治疗充血性心力衰竭有效的新型药物。     

环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的观察环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效.方法100例充血性心力衰竭心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级住院患者,随机分为环磷腺苷葡胺治疗组(50例)和对照组(50例).环磷腺苷葡胺治疗组环磷腺苷葡胺150～180mg加入5%葡萄糖注射液250mg中,每日一次静脉滴注,连续7日;对照组在充血性心力衰竭治疗中除不使用环磷腺苷葡胺外,其他治疗相似.结果治疗1周后,治疗组总有效率94%,对照组总有效率72%(P＜0.001). 结论环磷腺苷葡胺是治疗充血性心力衰竭有效的新型药物.     

环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭

目的观察环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭疗效。方法将64例充血性心力衰竭的患者随机分成治疗组(32例)与对照组(32例),两组患者常规治疗相同。治疗组给予环磷腺苷葡胺120mg,加入5%葡萄糖注射液250ml,静脉滴注1次/d,7～10d为1个疗程。比较两组心功能改善情况。结果治疗组疗效明显高于对照组。结论环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭疗效显著。     

环磷腺苷葡甲胺治疗充血性心力衰竭疗效观察

目的观察环磷腺苷葡甲胺治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效。方法将68例充血性：心力衰竭患者分为治疗组（34例）与对照组（34例），两组常规治疗相同，治疗组给予环磷腺苷葡甲胺150mg加入5％葡萄糖注射液250ml中静滴，每天1次，疗程15天，比较两组治疗前后心功能改善情况。结果治疗组与对照组的临床总有效率分别为94．1％（32／34）和73．5％（25／34），经统计学分析差异有非常显著性（P〈0．01）。结论环磷腺苷葡甲胺治疗充血性心力衰竭有较好疗效。     

环磷酸腺苷葡甲胺治疗充血性心力衰竭80例临床研究

目的：评价环磷酸腺苷葡甲胺（美乐心）注射液治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效及安全性。方法：154例充血性心力衰竭病人随机分为治疗组和对照组，两组患的心功能均为Ⅲ-Ⅳ级。治疗组80例，以环磷酸腺苷葡甲胺120mg加入5％葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注，每日1次，连用14天；对照组74例，以5％葡萄糖注射液静点，方法同治疗组。治疗前后分别进行临床症状、体征记录和心功能及心电图测定，观察疗效和有无副作用。结果：治疗组和对照组在临床疗效总有效率，临床心功能总有效率、心电图总有效率方面分别为92．5％、81．3％、52．5％和71．6％、18．9％、10．8％（P＜0．001）。治疗组未见不良反应。结论：环磷酸腺苷葡甲胺注射液是治疗充血性心力衰竭患安全有效的新型药物，明显优于对照组，值得临床广泛应用。     

环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭疗效观察

目的：观察环磷腺苷冶疗充血性心力衰竭疗效。方法：80例充血性心力衰竭的患者被随机分成治疗组（40例）,对照组（40例）,两组常规治疗相同。治疗组给予环磷腺苷葡胺120mg,加入5%葡萄注射液200ml,1次/d静点,疗程7～10d。比较两组治疗前、后心功能改善情况。结果：治疗组临床疗效明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。治疗组的左室射血分数治疗后有显著改善（P〈0.01）,较对照组亦有显著改善（P〈0.05）。结论：环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭有一定疗效。     

环磷腺苷葡胺治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的观察环磷腺苷葡胺（MCA）治疗充血性心力衰竭（CHF）的疗效。方法120例CHF患者随机分为A组：对照组，60例，常规抗心力衰竭治疗；B组：治疗组，60例，在A组基础上加用MCA120～150mg加入250ml液体中静脉滴注，每日1次，10天为1个疗程。结果B组总有效率为91．7％，A组为83．3％，但差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；B组射血分数（EF）较A组明显提高（P〈0．01）。结论在常规抗心力衰竭治疗的基础上，加用MCA可提高CHF的临床效果。     

环磷腺苷葡胺联合丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠治疗肺心病42例观察

目的观察环磷腺苷葡胺联合丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠治疗肺心病的疗效。方法将84例肺心病急性发作期患者随机分为两组,各42例。两组均采用抗感染、扩张支气管、利尿及吸氧等治疗。治疗组在此基础上使用丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠联合环磷腺苷葡胺,疗程为10d。结果治疗组总有效率为95.2%,对照组总有效率为85.7%;两组治疗后血液流变指标有改善,治疗组改善较对照组更明显(P<0.05)。结论丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠联合环磷腺苷葡胺可以有效改善患者血液流变指标,改善心肺功能。     

丹红注射液联合环磷腺苷葡胺治疗急性脑梗死43例临床分析

目的 观察丹红注射液合用环磷腺苷葡胺治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效.方法 将86例急性脑梗死患者随机分为对照组和观察组,各43例.对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上加用丹红注射液和环磷腺苷葡胺治疗.结果 观察组总有效率95.35%,明显高于对照组的72.09%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗期间两组均没有发生不良反应.结论 在常规治疗基础上加用丹红注射液和环磷腺苷葡胺治疗急性脑梗死疗效显著,副反应少,是治疗急性脑梗死的有效方法.     

环磷腺苷葡胺联合丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠治疗肺心病的临床疗效

目的探讨环磷腺苷葡胺+丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠治疗肺心病的临床疗效。方法以2011年2月至2013年1月我院收治的74例肺心病患者为研究对象,分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组给予环磷腺苷葡胺+丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠,对照组进行常规治疗。比较两组的临床疗效,观察两组患者治疗前后血液流变学指标。结果治疗组总有效率为91.89%,对照组总有效率为83.78%。两组各项血液流变学指标较治疗前均明显改善,以治疗组效果更佳。治疗结束后,治疗组患者心功能得到明显改善,较对照组更佳。以上差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用环磷腺苷葡胺+丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠治疗肺心病,可有效改善患者血液流变学指标,临床疗效显著。     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.