改良前盆底重建术联合骶棘韧带悬吊术在女性前盆腔器官脱垂分析

目的：评价改良前盆底重建术联合骶棘韧带悬吊术在女性前盆腔器官脱垂中的效果,评价其疗效及安全性。方法：回顾性分析2010年1月-2012年7月于重庆市妇幼保健院就诊的55例单纯前盆腔器官脱垂患者[盆腔器官脱垂定量评价系统（POP-Q）分期Ⅲ期或Ⅳ期],其中17例施行改良前盆底重建术联合骶棘韧带悬吊术（联合组）,18例施行单纯改良前盆底重建术（重建组）,20例施行传统阴道前壁修补术（传统组）。结果：3组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间差异有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。3组患者术后1个月治愈率差异无统计学意义,3组术后3,6个月治愈率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。联合组和重建组术后无血肿发生,无尿道、膀胱及直肠损伤;传统组术后有3例出现尿潴留,给予对症处理后恢复正常。结论：改良前盆底重建术联合骶棘韧带悬吊术较单纯改良前盆底重建术可更有效治疗前盆腔器官脱垂,修补缺陷,恢复盆底结构,短期疗效安全可行,长期疗效有待进一步观察。     

腹腔镜下子宫腹壁悬吊联合阴道前壁修补治疗子宫脱垂84例病例分析

目的:分析腹腔镜下子宫腹壁悬吊联合阴道前壁修补术治疗子宫脱垂的有效性及安全性。方法:选择2014年1月至2018年12月因Ⅲ~Ⅳ度子宫脱垂且合并阴道前壁膨出于溧阳市人民医院就诊的患者共84例,采用腹腔镜下简易子宫腹壁悬吊+阴道前壁修补进行治疗,伴有阴道后壁膨出的患者术中同时行阴道后壁桥式修补。术后随访12~72月(平均36.8月),记录患者术中情况、手术并发症及手术前后盆腔器官脱垂定量分度(POP-Q)及盆底功能影响问卷简表(PFIQ-7)评分。结果:腹腔镜下子宫腹壁悬吊+阴道前壁修补术的手术时间为(47.75±6.73)min,术中出血量(49.41±14.44)ml,无术中脏器损伤。术后1年随访客观治愈率97.6%(82/84),手术并发症发生率7.14%(6/84)。术后1年POP-Q评分中Aa、Ba、C、Ap、Bp各点的值均较术前有明显改善。患者术前PFIQ-7评分(116.29±17.97)分,术后6月评分(25.31±10.15)分,术后1年评分(26.32±7.85)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:腹腔镜下简易子宫腹壁悬吊联合阴道前壁修补术治疗子宫脱垂操作简单,容易掌握,近期有效率高。     

经阴道自体组织前壁修补联合腹腔镜髂耻韧带悬吊术在治疗前中盆腔器官脱垂中的疗效分析

目的：分析经阴道自体组织前壁修补联合腹腔镜髂耻韧带悬吊术治疗前、中盆腔器官脱垂的疗效。方法：选取2018年1月至2020年12月在甘肃省妇幼保健院生殖泌尿科因盆腔器官脱垂行阴道自体组织前壁修补联合腹腔镜髂耻韧带悬吊手术并完成随访的165例患者。分析其术中情况和术后并发症,并采用盆腔器官脱垂定量分期法(POP-Q),盆底功能障碍性疾病症状问卷(PFDI-20)及其分量表盆腔器官脱垂困扰量表(POPDI-6)、结直肠肛门困扰量表(CRADI-8)和排尿困扰量表(UDI-6),盆底疾病生活质量影响问卷短表(PFIQ-7),盆腔器官脱垂/尿失禁性生活问卷(PISQ-12)对患者术前、术后治疗效果和生活质量进行评价比较。结果：165例患者平均随访时间20.50±2.12月,客观治愈率96.36%,术后与术前比较POP-Q的各指示点明显改善(P<0.05);患者术后PFDI-20、UDI-6、CRADI-8、POPDI-6和PFIQ-7量表评分均较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有性生活患者术后与术前的PISQ-12评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。围术期并发症共13例,发生率为7.88%,均经保守治疗后痊愈。结论：经阴道自体组织前壁修补联合腹腔镜髂耻韧带悬吊术治疗前、中盆腔脱垂,围术期并发症少,可明显改善患者脱垂症状,提高患者生活质量,是一种有效的联合手术方案。     

改良的阴道前壁膨出修补术60例临床效果观察

目的:探讨改良的阴道前壁膨出修补术的可行性和临床价值。方法:对60例阴道前壁膨出、阴道前后壁膨出或合并子宫脱垂患者进行改良的阴道前壁修补术,术后定期随访,对术后复发情况进行客观(临床检查)及主观(患者自觉症状或感觉)评价。结果:60例手术均获成功,术后随访6～18个月,仅有1例于术后12个月临床检查时发生轻度阴道前壁膨出,但患者主观上无自觉症状,无需再次手术。结论:改良的阴道前壁膨出修补术术后临床效果满意,复发率低。     

脱细胞生物组织补片在盆底重建手术中的应用

目的初步探讨脱细胞生物组织补片在盆腔器官膨出患者盆底重建手术中的应用情况。方法选择北京大学人民医院妇科2006年5月至12月期间接受盆底修补和重建手术并应用脱细胞生物补片的盆腔器官膨出患者20例,其中子宫脱垂19例,子宫切除术后阴道穹隆脱垂Ⅱ度1例;合并存在膀胱膨出20例、直肠膨出17例。20例患者中17例同时行阴道前后壁修补术,3例行阴道前壁修补术;阴道前壁置入补片15例,阴道后壁置入补片2例,阴道前壁和后壁同时置入补片3例。结果20例患者总手术时间平均为113．1min（70～180min）,其中放置补片的时间平均为10min。术中出血平均为175ml（50～300ml）。术后恢复良好,平均随访9．3个月（6～12个月）,未发现补片侵蚀阴道黏膜情况,无感染发生。随访期间4例（20％）患者出现盆腔器官膨出复发,3例为膀胱膨出Ⅰ度,复发时间均为6个月复查时,其中2例随访12个月时仍为膀胱膨出Ⅰ度,另1例随访8个月时也为膀胱膨出Ⅰ度,未见加重;1例为膀胱膨出Ⅱ度,复发时间为6个月复查时;所有复发患者均无临床症状。结论脱细胞生物组织补片用于盆底重建手术,方法简单,操作容易,未见补片侵蚀发生,其长期效果有待进一步观察。     

阴道前壁桥式缝合术修补阴道前壁脱垂32例临床观察

目的:探讨阴道前壁桥式缝合术治疗阴道前壁脱垂的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2007年8月至2008年12月,于我院住院手术治疗的阴道前壁脱垂60例患者的临床资料,其中阴道前壁桥式缝合术32例,传统的阴道前壁修补术28例,比较两种术式的近期疗效。结果:阴道前壁桥式缝合术的手术时间为12.50±3.10分钟,术中出血量为10.20±2.50ml,术后复发率为3.12%,与传统术式手术时间40.20±2.40分钟,术中出血量65.40±4.80ml,术后复发率25.00%比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与传统术式比较,桥式缝合术治疗阴道前壁脱垂的手术时间短、术中出血少、术后复发率较低,近期疗效较满意。     

阴道穹隆吊带悬吊术治疗子宫及阴道穹隆脱垂35例临床分析

目的:探讨阴道穹隆吊带悬吊术(P-IVS)治疗子宫脱垂及阴道穹隆脱垂的临床有效性、围手术期并发症以及近期随访效果.方法:采用POP-Q分期法对35例盆腔器官脱垂患者进行分期,行阴道穹隆吊带悬吊术,术后定期随访了解盆腔器官脱垂复发情况.结果:P-IVS手术时间平均24.5分钟,术中平均出血量30 ml;6例患者发生围手术期并发症,包括术中阴道后壁修补致直肠穿孔1例,术后阴道断端血肿2例,阴道断端活动性出血、泌尿系感染及尿潴留各1例;术后随访6～35月,平均20.3月,至今无一例子宫脱垂或阴道穹隆脱垂复发.结论:阴道穹隆吊带悬吊术是一种治疗子宫脱垂及阴道穹窿脱垂的简单、微创、有效、容易掌握的手术方式.     

老年妇女膀胱尿道膨出阴道式悬吊术10例临床疗效观察

目前临床治疗老年妇女盆腔器官脱垂，尤其是膀胱尿道膨出，手术方法加阴道前壁修补术有较高的复发率。为此，自1999年以来我们将传统的阴道前壁修补术加以改进采用腹部外科常用的疝气补片，即人工合成的聚丙烯网状材料来悬吊及支托整个膀胱和尿道，通过10例临床观察，临床效果良好，现报道如下。     

改良阴道桥式缝合术的应用

目的:探讨改良阴道桥式缝合术治疗阴道前壁脱垂合并压力性尿失禁的临床疗效.方法:回顾性分析我院2011年1月至2012年8月行改良阴道桥式缝合术治疗阴道前壁脱垂合并压力性尿失禁21例患者的临床资料.结果:单纯行改良阴道桥式缝合术平均手术出血量为38.57±6.23 ml,平均手术时间为38.48±3.52分钟.未发生膀胱损伤、阴道壁坏死及膀胱尿道阴道瘘、尿潴留等手术并发症.术后3月复查阴道壁愈合良好,所有患者随访1年无阴道前壁脱垂复发.尿失禁治愈18例,改善3例.结论:改良阴道桥式缝合术治疗阴道前壁脱垂合并压力性尿失禁具有手术效果好、创伤小、术式安全有效,无排异反应等优点.     

经阴道阴道旁修补术治疗阴道前壁膨出23例

目的:探讨经阴道阴道旁修补(VPVR)手术治疗阴道前壁膨出的临床疗效。方法:选自我院23例有临床症状的阴道前壁膨出患者行VPVR手术。术后3、6、9、12个月定期随访。结果:23例VPVR手术均获得成功,单计VPVR手术的平均时间为45分钟,平均术中出血量为110ml。术后平均随访7月(1~14月),仅有1例复发。主观治愈率100%,客观治愈率为95.7%。结论:采用经阴道阴道旁修补术是治疗阴道前壁膨出的一种安全有效的方法。     

Vaginal paravaginal repair with an AlloDerm graft

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to describe outcomes of a technique of vaginal paravaginal repair that used AlloDerm graft (LifeCell, Branchburg, NJ) in women with recurrent stage II or with primary or recurrent stage III/IV anterior vaginal wall prolapse. STUDY DESIGN: This was an observational study. Thirty-three women underwent a vaginal paravaginal repair using AlloDerm graft. Anterior vaginal wall prolapse was staged using the pelvic organ prolapse quantification system preoperatively and every 6 months after surgery. Recurrence of prolapse, changes in functional status (urinary symptoms, prolapse symptoms, and sexual activity), and complications were recorded. Objective failure was defined as recurrent anterior vaginal wall prolapse, stage II or greater, and subjective failure as symptomatic recurrent anterior vaginal wall prolapse. Life-table analysis evaluated objective and subjective failure. Risk factors for recurrent anterior vaginal wall prolapse were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean age was 65.2 years and 93% of the women were white. Preoperatively, 6 women had recurrent stage II, 24 women had stage III, and 3 women had stage IV anterior vaginal wall prolapse. The median length of follow-up was 18 months. Postoperatively, 12 women had asymptomatic stage II anterior vaginal wall prolapse (not beyond the hymen) develop, and 1 woman had symptomatic stage II prolapse develop. Thus, there were 13 (41%) objective failures and 1 (3%) subjective failure. Life-table analysis demonstrated the cumulative probability of an objective failure was 0.24 at 1 year and 0.50 at 2, 3, and 4 years. The cumulative probability of a subjective failure was 0.00 at 1 and 2 years and 0.11 at 3 and 4 years. No risk factors for objective failure were identified. Voiding complaints resolved in 11 of 14 (79%) women (P=.004), incontinence symptoms resolved in 17 of 19 (89%) women (P<.001), and urgency symptoms resolved in 20 of 23 (87%) women (P<.001) (all two-tailed Fisher exact test). Twenty-one women (64%) were sexually active, and none complained of postoperative dyspareunia. Complications included 1 case of febrile morbidity, 1 cystotomy, and 1 anterior wall breakdown secondary to hematoma formation caused by heparin therapy. No other erosions or rejections were seen. CONCLUSION: Vaginal paravaginal repair with AlloDerm graft in women with recurrent stage II or stage III/IV anterior vaginal wall prolapse is safe and has good subjective but only fair objective success within the first 2 years.     

The efficacy of Marlex mesh in the repair of severe, recurrent vaginal prolapse of the anterior midvaginal wall

OBJECTIVE: The study assesses the efficacy and complications of Marlex mesh in repairing severe recurrent anterior vaginal wall prolapse. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-four patients with two or more postsurgical recurrences of severe anterior vaginal wall prolapse were divided into control and treatment groups. Transvaginal repair was similar between groups except for reinforcement of the anterior vaginal wall with synthetic mesh. Two examiners graded preoperative and postoperative support over the following 2 years (K = 0.9). Fisher's exact test, log-linear analysis, and analysis of variance were used to compare categoric and continuous variables. RESULTS: Four patients in the control group and none in the treatment group had recurrent anterior vaginal wall prolapse (p < 0.05). Three patients had mesh-related complications. CONCLUSION: Repair with a synthetic mesh decreased the expected incidence of severe recurrent anterior vaginal prolapse but was associated with common complications related to synthetic mesh. Mesh reinforcement is an effective treatment for severe recurrent prolapse of the anterior midvaginal wall. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;175:1472-5.)     

Efficacy and outcome of anterior vaginal wall repair using polypropylene mesh (Gynemesh)

AIM: The aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of anterior vaginal wall repair using polypropylene mesh for the correction of anterior vaginal wall prolapse. METHODS: From May 2001 to March 2005, 38 patients with cystoceles or uterine prolapse underwent transvaginal repair with implantation of polypropylene mesh. In all 38 patients anterior vaginal wall repair was done concurrently with other procedures: vaginal hysterectomy, n = 18 (47.4%) and tension-free vaginal tapes n = 22 (57.9%). RESULTS: Preoperatively 26 patients (68.4%) had stage III/IV prolapse on pelvic organ prolapse quantification examination. After mean follow up of 23.4 months, the objective cure rate at 12 and 18 months was 94.5% and 94.3%, respectively. As for complications associated with placement of the polypropylene mesh, no tissue erosion or infection was found. CONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal implantation of polypropylene mesh is an effective and safe technique for the correction of anterior vaginal wall prolapse.     

Correlation of severity of pelvic organ prolapse with lower urinary tract symptoms

ObjectiveRelationships between pelvic organ prolapse (POP) staging and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are controversial. In this study, we evaluated correlations of POP staging with LUTS in different compartments.Materials and methodsFrom January 2016 to December 2017, 250 consecutive patients with urogynecologic complaints who were referred to our urodynamic unit were recruited into this study. Different stages of different compartments (anterior, central and posterior) of POPs according to IUGA and ICS terminology were re-grouped into four categories as stage 0, 1, 2, and 3 (including stage 4 because of a limited number of patients in stage 4). Pearson correlation coefficient and general linear regression were used for correlations of POP staging in different compartments and LUTS (stress urinary incontinence, overactive bladder and voiding symptoms) as well as their associated factors.ResultsOnly OAB had a moderate correlation with different compartments of POP (anterior vaginal wall: ?0.3116; cervix: ?0.2954 and posterior vaginal wall: ?0.3779; all p < 0.05). Stage 1 AVWP significantly increased (39.6%) the occurrence of OAB compared to no prolapse. Posterior compartment (stage 1–3) prolapse reduced the occurrence of OAB.ConclusionOnly stage 1 AVWP is associated with an increase in OAB, and posterior compartment prolapse may reduce the occurrence of OAB.     

盆底功能障碍性疾病患者阴道壁雌激素受体的表达

目的探讨绝经前、后盆底功能障碍性疾病患者阴道壁雌激素受体（ER）与其发生的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法分别测定绝经前、后压力性尿失禁（SUI）患者（SUI组）、盆腔器官脱垂（POP）患者（POP组）、SUI＋POP患者（SUI＋POP组）阴道壁中ER阳性率,并选择同期绝经前、后各15例因妇科良性疾病而行手术的患者作为对照（对照组）。结果绝经前SUI组、POP组、SUI＋POP组和对照组阴道壁组织中ER阳性率分别为44.53%、42.00%、40.53%和66.40%;绝经后SUI组、POP组、SUI＋POP组与对照组阴道壁组织中ER阳性表达率分别为29.60%、26.93%、25.60%和47.07%。绝经前和绝经后3组病例组与对照组的ER阳性表达率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,3组间两两阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论绝经前后SUI、POP患者阴道壁组织中ER含量明显减少,提示雌激素受体减少可能参与SUI、POP的发生发展。     

阴道前壁膨出患者阴道组织中雌激素受体α和β亚型的表达

目的 了解阴道前壁膨出（AVP）患者阴道组织中雌激素受体（ER）α、β亚型的表达情况,探讨其与盆腔器官脱垂（POP）发病的关系。方法 选取1999年7月-2004年7月在北京大学人民医院手术治疗的AVP患者40例（AVP组）,其中绝经前7例,绝经后33例。对照组为同时期手术的Ⅰb1～Ⅱb期宫颈鳞癌患者17例（无盆腔器官膨出症状）,其中绝经前9例,绝经后8例。应用免疫组化方法检测阴道前壁组织中鳞状上皮、黏膜固有层、肌层3个部位的ERa和ERβ表达水平（以阳性细胞率及阳性染色强度的评分判断ER的表达水平）,进行半定量分析及统计学检验。结果 （1）ERα、ERβ在AVP组患者阴道组织中鳞状上皮、黏膜固有层、肌层均有表达。（2）AVP组绝经前患者阴道组织中ERα表达水平分别为：鳞状上皮（5．3±0．8）分、黏膜固有层（3．2±2．1）分、肌层（3．0±1．5）分,绝经后患者分别为（4．6±1．2）、（4．1±1．2）、（3．7±1．4）分,绝经前、后患者不同部位分别比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;对照组患者的阴道组织中ERα表达水平在绝经前、后比较,差异也无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（3）ERβ表达水平在绝经前、后AVP组患者阴道组织中比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;而对照组绝经前患者阴道组织中ERB表达水平分别为：鳞状上皮（4．2±0．5）分、黏膜固有层（2．6±1．4）分、肌层（2．4±0．8）分,绝经后患者分别为（2．6±1．3）、（1．1±0．7）、（1．4±0．9）分,对照组绝经后患者阴道组织中ERB的表达水平下降（P〈0．05）。（4）AVP组绝经后患者阴道组织中ERB表达水平分别为：鳞状上皮（4．1±1．6）分、黏膜固有层（3．4±1.7）分、肌层（3．3±112）分,绝经后AVP组患者阴道组织各部位ERβ的表达水平高于绝经后对照组患者相应部位（P〈0．05）;而绝经后患者ERα在阴道组织中的表达水平,AVP组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 无论绝经前、绝经后AVP患者,阴道组织都存在ERα、ERβ的表达。AVP患者阴道组织中ERβ表达在绝经后未下降,且较对照组绝经后患者表达增加,而ERα无明显变化。     

Factors that affect early recurrence after prolapse repair by a nonanchored vaginal mesh procedure

ObjectiveProsima (Ethicon, Somerville, NJ, USA) is a novel procedure for treating pelvic organ prolapse (POP) that uses nonanchored vaginal mesh. However, nonfixation of the mesh may limit effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and limitations of this procedure.Materials and methodsFrom January 2011 through to December 2011, 52 patients with symptomatic POP ≥ Stage 2 undergoing the Prosima procedure at a tertiary hospital were enrolled consecutively in this prospective study. A Data and Safety Monitoring Plan (DSMP) was developed to assess the results.ResultsFifty of the 52 patients (96%) attended the 3–6-month postoperative assessment. Symptom and quality-of-life scores were found to have improved significantly after surgery (p < 0.05). Forty-two patients (84%) underwent successful treatment for POP (Stage 0-1). The other eight patients (16%) were found to have recurrent Stage 2 anterior vaginal wall prolapse, although most of them (5/8) were asymptomatic. The highest morbidity, namely vaginal mesh exposure, occurred in four patients (8%) and was managed as a minor issue. Statistical analysis showed that anatomic recurrence was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with a “preoperative Ba ≥ +4 cm” (odds ratio = 20.57), “conservation of the prolapsed uterus” (odds ratio = 10.56) and “use of a concomitant midurethral sling” (odds ratio = 0.076).ConclusionProsima seems to have limitations when used to manage severe anterior vaginal wall prolapse and concomitant surgery may further affect its effectiveness. The information obtained from this study's DSMP will contribute to developing a strategy to improve the use of nonanchored vaginal mesh for POP repair.     

The Vertical Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flap to Manage Vaginal Evisceration

BackgroundPelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a significant issue requiring surgical correction in 19% of the female population by age 85 years. Complications of POP, especially in women who have undergone hysterectomy, include vaginal evisceration—a serious complication that carries high morbidity and mortality rates. Rarely, vaginal evisceration occurs after colpocleisis.CaseA 69-year-old female with recurrent vaginal evisceration following colpocleisis underwent surgical repair using a vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap.ConclusionRecurrent cases of POP and vaginal evisceration that are refractory to conventional treatment require consideration of novel management options. To our knowledge, this is the first case using a VRAM flap for the management of vaginal evisceration.     

网片对比传统阴道修补术治疗盆腔脏器脱垂的系统评价

目的本研究旨在系统评价网片（Mesh）治疗盆腔脏器脱垂与传统阴道修补术的有效性和安全性。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMBASE、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库,检索时间截至2011年10月。检索词为pelvic organ prolapsed、POP、Mesh、盆腔脏器脱垂、网片等。纳入传统手术和网片对比治疗盆腔脏器脱垂的随机对照试验,由两名研究员分别独立提取数据和进行文献质量评价,并进行meta分析。结果共纳入5篇RCTs,meta分析结果显示：网片治疗妇女盆腔脏器脱垂并未增加手术成功率[RR=1.09,95%CI（0.58,2.02）,P=0.79]、降低术后POP-Q分度[MD=0.11,95%CI（-0.15,0.36）,P=0.41],同时术后性交困难[OR=1.25,95%CI（0.54,2.87）,P=0.60]和复发率[RR=0.76,95%CI（0.10,5.28）,P=0.78]等并未降低。结论当前证据表明：与传统手术相比,网片并不能增加手术的客观成功率,亦不能降低术后POP-Q分度以及术后感染等,尚需经济学评价及适用性研究以指导临床实践。     

女性盆腔脏器脱垂门诊患者临床特征分析

目的 调查女性盆腔脏器脱垂门诊患者的临床特征,了解主要症状的患病率及联合患病率,以及症状与脱垂部位、脱垂程度的关系.方法 选取2009年11月至2010年4月在北京大学人民医院和航天中心医院妇科门诊因盆腔器官脱垂患者105例,按照现况调查方法进行现场问卷调查和妇科检查.结果 发放问卷105份,全部回收,结果显示:①平均...