云南白纹伊蚊分布特点及与虫媒病毒的关系

目的：阐明白纹伊蚊分布特点,掌握其自然感染虫媒病毒情况,方法;白天在居民点周围和野外竹林区捕蚊,用细胞法和乳鼠法分离病毒。结果：采获成年雌性蚊虫8属45种24885只,其中白纹伊蚊7622只,占30．62％,从该蚊中分离到登革4型病毒4株,登革3型病毒1株,流行性乙型脑炎病毒2株,基孔肯雅病毒2株,]甲病毒2株。结论：白纹伊蚊在云南广泛分布,属竹林区优势蚊种,是云南登革热和基孔肯雅病的主要传播媒介及流行性乙型脑炎的传播媒介。     

云南白纹伊蚊感染和传播基孔肯雅病毒的研究

实验研究表明，云南株白纹伊蚊通过叮咬吸食染有基孔肯雅病毒血症的小鸡血，能获得感染，并能在其体内繁殖。感染雌蚊经叮咬吸血，能将病毒传播给乳鼠和小鸡。雌蚊感染后第８～１２天，对乳鼠的传播率为５０～８５．７１％；感染后第１０天，对小鸡的传播率为５８．３３％；结果认为，白纹伊蚊在云南基孔肯雅病毒的保存和传播中起重要作用。     

福建株白纹伊蚊经口感染登革2型病毒研究

目的 探讨福建株白纹伊蚊对登革2型病毒的易感性。方法 用C6/36细胞培养登革2型病毒,白纹伊蚊人工经口感染病毒混合液,14 d后分别用间接免疫荧光和RT PCR检测蚊体内的登革2型病毒。结果 用间接免疫荧光检测感染登革2型病毒的白纹伊蚊,福建株白纹伊蚊感染率为44.6%（25/56）,头部感染率为32.1%（18/56）;用RT-PCR方法扩增出511 bp片段,感染率为53.9%（14/26）。结论 福建株白纹伊蚊对登革2型病毒易感。     

致倦库蚊传播登革病毒可能性的实验研究

目的：在实验室通过病毒分离和传播试验,确定致倦库蚊是否能传播登革病毒。方法：１．用大剂量登革Ⅱ型病毒（病毒滴度为１０＾－９～１０＾－１０ＴＣＩＤ５０）同时喂食致倦库蚊和白纹伊蚊,不同时间后用Ｃ６／３６细胞从蚊体内分离登革病毒。２．用吸食病毒７ｄ后的致倦库蚊和白纹伊蚊攻击小白鼠１ｄ龄乳鼠,两周后取鼠血清进行免疫荧光试验。结果：１３ｄ内不同时间均能从白纹伊蚊体内分离出登革病毒,而致倦库蚊在４８ｈ以后不     

白纹伊蚊传播登革病毒的媒介效能研究

目的：研究白纹伊蚊在登革病毒传播中的作用。方法：应用Ｃ６／３６细胞培养病毒结合ＲＦＰＣＲ检测,用间接免疫荧光法（ＩＦＡ）检测血清抗体。结果;饱吸感染发病乳鼠血的白纹伊蚊,对ＤＥＮ１～４型有较高的感染率（５０％～５８％）,通过叮咬敏感动物（乳鼠）也能传播这４个型的ＤＥＮ。分批检测感染雌蚊的子１代卵、幼虫及雌、雄成虫,证实白纹伊蚊能经卵传递ＤＥＮ,至少可舒心代以上。结论：该地ＤＥＮ有较大的媒介效能,且     

云南省景洪市蚊虫分布特点及与虫媒病毒的关系

的：掌握蚊虫分布特点及其在虫媒病毒传播中的作用。方法：捕获蚊虫，分离病毒。结果：１９８１、１９８２、１９８６和１９８８年在景洪市采获成年雌性蚊虫３１种２２８２３只。白天在野外竹林采获蚊虫１７种，优势蚊种为圆斑伊蚊、刺扰伊蚊和白纹伊蚊；夜间在农村畜圈及其周围采获蚊虫１９种，优势蚊种为棕头库蚊、三带喙库蚊、迷走按蚊。从采获的７种蚊虫体内分离到流行性乙型脑炎病毒１０株，基孔肯雅病毒３株，登革热病毒１株。其中从白纹伊蚊分离到３株病毒（２株基孔肯雅病毒、１株登革热病毒），从三带喙库蚊分离到５株病毒（４株流行性乙型脑炎病毒，１株基孔肯雅病毒）。结论：白纹伊蚊是当地基孔肯雅和登革热病毒的主要传播媒介，三带喙库蚊是流行性乙型脑炎病毒的主要传播媒介     

云南省边境地区蚊虫自然感染乙型脑炎病毒的研究

目的：阐明蚊虫自然感染乙型脑炎病毒情况，评价各蚊种的媒介地位。方法：夜间在农村人房、畜圈，白天在野外竹林捕蚊，用细胞和小白鼠法分离病毒。结果：在云南省15个边界县市采获6属45种92748只雄蚊，从13种蚊虫体内分离出乙型脑炎病毒42株。其中从三带喙库蚊分离到15株，霜背库蚊5株，伪杂鳞库蚊、中华按蚊各4株，刺扰伊蚊3株，棕头库蚊、白纹伊蚊、窄翅伊蚊各2株，雪背库蚊、环带库蚊、迷走按蚊、阿萨姆伊蚊和常型曼蚊各1株。结论：三带喙库蚊是该地区本病的主要传播媒介，霜背库蚊、伪杂鳞库蚊、刺扰伊蚊和白纹伊蚊亦为重要媒介。具有夜间以库蚊为主，白天以伊蚊为主的传播特点。     

不同地理株埃及伊蚊经口接种登革2型病毒的感染性研究

目的　研究海南、广东、台湾和印尼Baro等 4个地理株埃及伊蚊对登革 2型病毒的感染情况。方法　分别用鼠血和猪血配制不同病毒滴度的病毒混悬液经口接种埃及伊蚊 ,间接免疫荧光检测蚊脑液病毒抗原。结果　用鼠血病毒混悬液时 ,印尼Baro株对登革 2型病毒的感染率与海南株、台湾株的感染率差异有显著性 (海南株 :P =0 .0 0 79<0 .0 1;台湾株 :P =0 .0 116<0 .0 5 ) ,与广东株的感染率差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,随着病毒滴度的下降 ,各株埃及伊蚊对病毒的感染率呈明显下降趋势 ;鼠血和猪血各株饱血雌蚊经口接种登革 2型病毒的感染率差异无统计学意义 (χ2 =1.63 2 0 ,P =0 .2 0 14 >0 .0 5 )。结论　不同地理株埃及伊蚊对登革 2型病毒易感性存在差异。     

主要气候因素变化影响2017-2018年广州蚊密度与登革流行趋势分析

目的 了解年度气候变化对广州蚊密度与登革流行趋势的影响。方法 2017年5月至2018年5月采用BG-Sentinel trap（BG-trap）在广州市校园、公园、小区三种不同生境开展蚊虫种群密度调查。采用广义估计方程(GEE)分析每月登革发病人数与温度、降雨量和白纹伊蚊密度的关系。结果 三种生境共捕获成蚊6853只，其中白纹伊蚊1028只，雌蚊534只。模型分析结果显示:月最高温度升高1℃，1个月后的登革发病数增加1.806倍；月降雨量每增加1mm，当月登革发病数减少0.012倍；每个BG-trap诱捕的白纹伊蚊雌蚊密度增加1只/天，当月登革发病数增加0.779倍。结论 广州市学校、公园、小区三种生境的蚊种种群构成有统计学差异，三种生境的白纹伊蚊每月密度变化和雌雄构成比均无统计学差异，但登革发病人数与前推一个月的最高温度和当月的白纹伊蚊雌蚊密度有正相关关系。     

登革热与白纹伊蚊及其防制

由蚊子传播的虫媒传染病在我国有4种 ,即国家法定的乙类传染病中的流行性乙型脑炎、疟疾、登革热和丙类传染病中的淋巴丝虫病。本文仅介绍登革热与白纹伊蚊及其防制。1　登革热1.1　定义与病原体　登革热是由登革热病毒引起的 ,埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊所传播的急性传染病。其病毒有 4型 ,即登革热 1、2、3、4型病毒 ,我国已全部发现。当人体感染其中的一型 ,则产生抗体 ,人体对该型病毒有免疫作用 ,但对其它三型病毒则无保护性免疫作用 ,所以人体感染一型病毒发病后 ,还会再感染其它型病毒并发病。1.2　流行史　我国 1945年在汉口、南昌 ,1978年…     

白纹伊蚊对登革病毒垂直传递能力研究

目的利用细胞及分子生物学技术，研究白纹伊蚊贵州省贵阳、兴义、毕节株对1—4型登革病毒（DEN1—4）的垂直传递能力。方法采集贵州省贵阳、兴义、毕节市市郊自然界白纹伊蚊，驯化3代。分别取羽化后3～5d龄成蚊为实验组，白纹伊蚊海南株为对照组；用DEN1—4国际参考株分别感染各组蚊虫，将感染后亲代及子1～3代成蚊制备蚊悬液，接种C6／36进行病毒分离并鉴定；间接免疫荧光法检测DEN抗原；常规方法提取总RNA。利用DENNS1基因区通用引物经逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测DEN核酸，限制性内切酶酶切分型。结果白纹伊蚊贵阳、兴义、毕节、海南株亲代蚊虫均对DEN易感；白纹伊蚊兴义株与海南株均能垂直传递DEN-1、4到子3代。传递DEN-3到子2代，白纹伊蚊兴义株能垂直传递DEN-2到子3代，白纹伊蚊贵阳．株能垂直传递DEN-1到子3代，传递DEN-2、3、4到子2代，白纹伊蚊毕节株能垂直传递DEN-1到子2代，DEN-4至子3代，未发现能垂直传递DEN-2、3。结论对DEN1—4易感的白纹伊蚊贵阳、兴义、毕节株能垂直传递DEN，且对DEN的垂直传递能力与其地理来源有关；贵州省3个地方株的白纹伊蚊卵可在干燥室温条件下越冬保存DEN。     

Vector competence of Aedes albopictus from Houston, Texas, for dengue serotypes 1 to 4, yellow fever and Ross River viruses

A combination of virus infection and transmission experiments showed that a Houston, Texas strain of Aedes albopictus is a competent vector for dengue (DEN), yellow fever (YF) and Ross River (RR) viruses. However, at 14 days incubation, DEN virus infection rates in a Puerto Rican strain of Aedes aegypti were significantly higher for each of the four DEN serotypes, except DEN-1, than in Houston Ae. albopictus fed simultaneously on the same virus suspensions. The degree of correlation between disseminated DEN infection rates in Houston Ae. albopictus and transmission to an in vitro system ranged from 42 to 88% for the four DEN serotypes. No significant difference was noted in YF virus infection rates or transmission rates in the two mosquito species fed on the same virus suspensions and incubated for the same time period. Also, RR virus infection and transmission rates in Houston and Hawaiian strains of Ae. albopictus were generally comparable.     

Occurrence of Aedes albopictus in the state of Pará, Brazil

It is first reported the detection of Aedes (Stg) albopictus mosquitoes in state of Par , Brazil, in the urban area of Medicil ndia, a municipality far 90 km from Altamira, where 42 adult mosquitoes were baited using human attraction. All mosquitoes were pooled and inoculated into C6/36 and suckling mice in attempts for virus isolation. No virus was isolated. The occurrence of Aedes albopictus in urban areas of the Amazon region is of concern since dengue and yellow fever viruses are endemic in the Amazon and thus there is a potential risk for this mosquito species to become infected with both viruses.     

Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine virus SA14-14-2 and their stabilities

A novel Japanese encephalitis (JE) attenuated live vaccine virus SA14-14-2 was licensed for commercial application in China in 1989. Since then this vaccine has been widely used in China and other countries in Asia, and no vaccine associated encephalitis case was reported. The neurovirulence of the SA14-14-2 was tested in JE susceptible laboratory animals, such as mice, monkeys, hamsters and athymic nude mice. The results showed that the attenuated virus strain was avirulent to these animals by intracerebral inoculation (i.c.) or intraperitoneal inoculation (i.p.). Studies on the neuroattenuation stability revealed that no reversion after 17 times tissue culture passages or one i.c. sucking mice passage. Mosquito infection studies indicated that after one mosquito intrathoracical passage, the progeny viruses in the infected mosquitoes were unable to cause sucking mice or weanling mice disease. Molecules characteristics’ studies of the SA14-14-2 virus strain showed that there are 57–61 nucleotide changes and 24–31 amino acid substitutions, eight substitutions in the E protein gene are the critical amino acid related to the virus attenuation. The E gene sequence studies have showed that the 8 critical amino acids were not changed after 22 passages in tissue cultures or one passage in mosquitoes. Comparison of the full-length sequence to the parental SA14 virus has revealed that after 22 passages in the tissue cultures, only 8 nucleotides changed leading to 4 amino acid substitutions. However they were not the reverse mutation and none of the 8 critical residues changed. The homology of the nucleotide and amino acid between the virus of passage 22 and the primary seed virus in Genbank was 99.93% and 99.88% respectively. The above results demonstrated that the SA14-14-2 virus is highly attenuated for the various JE susceptible animals. The attenuated phenotypes and the genetic characteristics of the SA14-14-2 strain are highly stable after multiple in vitro passages or mosquitoes infection. Therefore the safety of the live JE vaccine is due to a high degree of neuroattenuation and a number of stable phenotypically and genetically characteristics, suggesting that reversion to neurovirulence of the vaccine strain would be highly unlikely.     

云南省西南边境地区人血清虫媒病毒抗体调查

本文报告了云南省西南部4个专州9个县的760份人血清对11种虫媒病毒抗原的血凝抑制抗体检查结果,发现不仅乙脑和登革抗体较普遍,同时也存在其它黄病毒组和甲组虫媒病毒的抗体。
甲组虫媒病毒抗体阳性率平均为36.18%(275/760),其中MAY阳性率最高占总阳性数的68.73%(189/275),其次是CHIK占22.18%(61/275),几何平均滴度(GMT),VEE为164.4,MAY为94.48,CHIK为66.7。有交叉反应的血清178份,占64.73%.
黄病毒组抗体阳性率为77.37%(588/760),其中登革和乙脑阳性率最高,前者为36.58%(278/760,后者为27.89%(212/760),其它病毒的阳性率分别为:KFD22.24%(169/760),MVE22.11%(168/760),KUN18.68%(142/760),POW8.82%(67/760),LGT7.89%(60/760)。黄病毒抗体检查中重复感染者较多,占检查数的33.03%(251/760),占黄病毒组总阳性数的42.69%(251/588)。抗体滴度在1:640以上者有403人,占总阳性人次数的36.64%(403/1100),几何平均滴度为355.8。组内交叉反应率达97.09%。     

云南省蚊虫分布特点及自然感染乙型脑炎病毒的研究

目的分析云南省蚊虫分布特点及其与流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）等虫媒病毒的关系,为防制提供依据。方法在云南省农村居民区住房、畜圈和野外竹林等生境捕蚊。结果采获成年雌蚊10属88种158909只,以库蚊、按蚊和伊蚊属蚊虫数量最多,分别占56．66％、25．35％和13．88％。在捕蚊总数中,居民区夜间捕获成蚊7属63种132081只,其中三带喙库蚊的构成比最高（42．12％）;其次为中华按蚊（23．31％）;野外白天捕获成蚊5属48种26828只,白纹伊蚊构成比最高（31．89％）,其次为圆斑伊蚊（20．21％）。对8属29种3957批131538只雌性成蚊进行病毒分离,结果从5属17种蚊虫体内分离到乙脑病毒81株,以库蚊分离出的毒株最多（59株）,占72．84％;其次为按蚊8株（9．88％）和伊蚊9株（占11．11％）;曼蚊和阿蚊均为2株（各占2．47％）。分离到乙脑病毒最多的蚊种为三带喙库蚊（27株）,占分离毒株总数的33．33％。结论居民区夜间活动蚊虫群落的优势种为三带喙库蚊、中华按蚊、棕头库蚊、霜背库蚊、伪杂鳞库蚊和迷走按蚊;野外白天活动蚊虫群落的优势种为白纹伊蚊、伪白纹伊蚊、圆斑伊蚊、骚扰阿蚊和刺扰伊蚊。三带喙库蚊和白纹伊蚊分别是云南省乙脑和登革热的丰要传播媒介。     

Laboratory studies of a Brazilian strain of Aedes albopictus as a potential vector of Mayaro and Oropouche viruses.

The vector efficiency of colonized Aedes albopictus from Brazil was assessed for Mayaro (MAY) and Oropouche (ORO) viruses. Female mosquitoes, 3-4 days old, were fed on a MAY-infected hamster with a viremia level of 5.3 log10 Vero cell plaque-forming units (PFU) of virus/ml or an ORO-infected hamster circulating 7.3 log10 PFU/ml. Mayaro infection rates among fed mosquitoes were 16.9 and 11% at 6, 13 and 20 days postfeeding, respectively, and 1/2 and 2/2 infected mosquitoes transmitted virus on days 13 and 20, respectively. Only 13, 5 and 3% of mosquitoes were infected with ORO virus at 6, 13 and 20 days, respectively, and no transmission occurred. Mosquitoes were also fed on 3 dilutions of MAY virus-blood suspensions in membrane feeders. The infection rate among mosquitoes fed the highest concentration (7.7 log10 PFU/ml) was 11/13 (85%), and 5/11 (46%) infected mosquitoes transmitted virus.     

云南省耿马县孟定镇蚊虫及虫媒病毒调查

目的 :调查蚊虫种类及其带病毒情况。方法 :用吸蚊管和人诱法捕蚊 ,用C6 / 36细胞和乳鼠分离病毒 ,用血清学方法检测人血清中病毒抗体。结果 :1985年 7～ 8月捕获雌性成蚊 6属32种 94 10只 ,三带喙库蚊、棕头库蚊、中华按蚊、迷走按蚊是农村畜厩主要蚊种 ,白纹伊蚊是竹林区优势蚊种。从阿萨姆伊蚊中分离出 1株乙脑病毒。当地人血清中乙脑、登革、基孔肯雅和肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)病毒抗体阳性率依次为 39.6 8% (77/ 194 )、13.73% (14/ 10 2 )、2 0 .10 % (39/ 194 )和 0 .57% (1/ 94 )。结论 :云南耿马县孟定镇存在乙脑和其它虫媒病毒病