经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板治疗肱骨远端C型骨折疗效观察

目的总结经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板治疗肱骨远端C型骨折的疗效。方法对27例肱骨远端C型骨折患者,采用尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路,双钢板内固定术。结果术后27例均获随访,采用Mayo肘关节功能评分评定疗效:优13例,良8例,可4例,差2例,优良率为82%。结论尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路,双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端C型骨折,具有固定可靠、复位好、可行早期功能锻炼等优点。     

经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端C型骨折

目的探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端C型骨折的疗效。方法采用经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板内固定治疗19例肱骨远端C型骨折患者。分析术后并发症、骨折愈合时间及肘关节功能等指标。结果19例均获得随访,时间13~24个月。骨折均愈合,时间12~23周。未发生手术并发症。末次随访时,按照Mayo肘关节功能评分标准评定疗效:优11例,良6例,可1例,差1例,优良率17/19;肘关节屈伸活动度为80°~140°(109.8°±12.2°),前臂旋转活动度为110°~180°(140.6°±22.6°)。结论经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端C型骨折显露充分,复位及内固定操作方便,双钢板固定牢固,术后并发症少,肘关节功能恢复好。     

基于双柱理论的平行钢板固定技术在肱骨远端C型骨折治疗中的应用

目的探讨采用肘关节经三头肌舌形瓣入路或尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路钢板平行放置,固定肱骨远端内、外侧柱方法治疗肱骨远端C型骨折的临床疗效。方法对32例肱骨远端C型骨折采用肘关节经三头肌舌形瓣入路或尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路,AO解剖钢板平行放置,固定肱骨远端内、外侧柱,重建肱骨远端三角形框架结构的稳定性。结果 29例获得9~36个月的随访,骨折均愈合。按照Jupiter等肘关节功能评分标准:优12例,良14例,可2例,差1例,优良率89.7%。结论基于双柱理论的平行双钢板固定技术治疗肱骨远端C型骨折固定可靠,允许早期功能锻炼,疗效确切。     

尺骨鹰嘴截骨解剖锁定钢板治疗肱骨远端C型骨折

目的：探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路内外侧解剖锁定钢板治疗肱骨远端C型骨折的效果。方法：对27例肱骨远端AO/ASIF C型骨折患者采用经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路内外侧解剖锁定钢板螺钉治疗,采用Mayo肘关节功能评分系统分析疗效。结果：随访时间8～24个月,平均14个月,优13例,良10例,可4例。结论：经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路内外侧解剖锁定钢板是治疗肱骨远端C型骨折的有效方法。     

手术治疗31例肱骨远端C型骨折

目的探讨肱骨远端C型骨折的手术方法及疗效。方法手术治疗肱骨远端C型骨折31例:肱三头肌舌形瓣入路12例,尺骨鹰嘴V形截骨入路19例;采用双钢板内固定18例,钢板加张力带内固定13例。结果患者均获得随访,时间6~18个月。按Aitken和Rorabeek标准进行功能评定:优9例,良12例,可6例,差4例。尺骨鹰嘴V形截骨人路组功能评定优于肱三头肌舌形瓣入路组(P0.05);双钢板内固定功能评定与钢板加张力带内固定差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论尺骨鹰嘴V形截骨入路暴露充分,可以早期功能锻炼,利于截骨部骨折的愈合及肘关节功能恢复。两种内固定功能评定无明显差异,应根据骨折类型选用不同的内固定方法。     

Y型钢板及双锁定钢板治疗C型肱骨远端骨折疗效研究

[目的]探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路结合Y型钢板及双锁定钢板治疗C型肱骨远端骨折的疗效比较。[方法]2010年7月²013年8月,用Y型钢板及双锁定钢板采用尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路治疗C型肱骨远端骨折患者52例,每组26人,术后采用Mayo肘关节评分系统评定肘关节功能,结果行统计学对比。[结果]所有患者随访1.52013年8月,用Y型钢板及双锁定钢板采用尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路治疗C型肱骨远端骨折患者52例,每组26人,术后采用Mayo肘关节评分系统评定肘关节功能,结果行统计学对比。[结果]所有患者随访1.5².5年,平均2年。骨折愈合时间32.5年,平均2年。骨折愈合时间3⁷个月,平均4.8个月。骨折(包括鹰嘴截骨)全愈合,无内固定松动及断裂,1例出现肘关节骨化性肌炎。疗效评价参照Mayo肘关节评分,双锁定钢板治疗组优良率显著高于Y型钢板组,结果对比差异有统计学意义。[结论]尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板治疗肱骨髁间骨折患者的预后佳,并发症少,结合中医中药治疗,值得临床推广。     

尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板固定治疗肱骨远端C型骨折临床分析

目的探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板固定治疗肱骨远端C型骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析27例接受尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板固定治疗的肱骨远端C型骨折患者的临床资料。结果 27例均获随访,肘关节功能评分:优13例,良8例,可4例,差2例,优良率77.8%。结论经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板固定治疗肱骨远端C型骨折,可早期功能锻炼,效果可靠。     

经尺骨鹰嘴V形截骨双钢板内固定治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折

目的探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路并应用肱骨内外侧柱双钢板固定治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折的方法和疗效。方法 2004年4月至2009年1月采用经尺骨鹰嘴V形截骨双钢板内固定治疗粉碎性肱骨髁间骨折33例,其中C1型7例,C2型15例,C3型11例。全部获得随访,随访时间5～30个月（平均19个月）,用改良Cassebaum评分系统对其疗效评定。结果 33例骨折全部愈合,平均愈合时间18.7周。术后疗效优17例,良11例,可4例,差2例,优良率84.8%。结论解剖复位骨折,重建肘关节的稳定性以及早期的功能锻炼是肘关节功能恢复的关键因素。经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路显露骨折充分,肱骨内、外侧柱双钢板固定肱骨髁间骨折牢固可靠,并可满足患者早期进行关节功能锻炼。     

经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双锁定钢板垂直固定治疗肱骨髁间骨折疗效观察

目的探讨应用肱骨远端解剖型锁定钢板,经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路垂直固定治疗肱骨髁间骨折的临床疗效。方法对36例肱骨髁间骨折采用经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双锁定钢板垂直固定。结果本组获随访13～27个月,肱骨骨折及尺骨截骨处均骨性愈合;肘关节功能按照Mayo评分:优16例,良15例,可4例,差1例,优良率86.1%。结论采用经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路肱骨远端解剖型锁定钢板垂直固定治疗肱骨髁间骨折疗效满意,值得推广应用。     

双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端关节内骨折

目的探讨双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端关节内骨折的临床疗效。方法27例C型骨折均采用尺骨鹰嘴入路,双钢板固定。结果27例随访14-31个月,根据HSS肘关节功能评分标准,优12例,良10例,可4例,差1例,优良率为81.4%。结论采用尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路、早期切开解剖复位、双钢板内固定、早期有计划地康复训练的方法治疗肱骨远端骨折,疗效良好,是治疗肱骨远端关节内粉碎骨折的有效方法。     

Management of hip fractures in the elderly

A fracture of the proximal femur (or hip fracture) is a devastating injury to an elderly patient. Nearly all patients require surgery as part of their treatment but their care necessitates complex multidisciplinary involvement. In the last few years there have been a number of initiatives to help improve care for this challenging patient group, as well as establishment of National Hip Fracture Databases, to allow us to audit the care provided. With this focus we have seen both mortality and length of stay decrease. The aim of this article is to summarize the current recommendations for patients who suffer a hip fracture.     

Management of hip fractures in the elderly

A fracture of the proximal femur (or hip fracture) is a devastating injury to an elderly patient. Nearly all patients require surgery as part of their treatment but their care necessitates complex multidisciplinary involvement. In the last ten years there have been a number of initiatives to help improve care for this challenging patient group, as well as establishment of The National Hip Fracture Database, to allow us to audit the care provided. With this focus, we have seen both mortality and length of stay decrease. The aim of this article is to summarize the current recommendations for patients who suffer a hip fracture.     

Fracture of the talus

Summary A total of 218 talar injuries were studied with particular attention to the nature and extent of associated injuries. In 96 patients (44%) there was a fracture of one of the neighbouring bones, viz. 59 fractures of the ankle, 27 of the calcaneum, and 11 of the navicular. Talar injury, ankle fracture, and calcaneal fracture co-existed in 7 patients. Among the cases complicated by ankle fractures 15 were open (25%) and many affected the trochlea (37%). Thirty-six (61%) of the ankle fractures associated with talar injuries were of the supination type, 8 of the pronation type, 5 of the pronation-external rotation type, and 2 of the supination-external rotation type. Of the talar injuries occurring in a supinated foot about half were shearing fractures of the talar neck. Of the 27 calcaneal fractures 11 were compression fractures with depression of the joint surface, whereas the others were non-displaced shearing fractures or avulsion fractures. It is concluded that as a rule the talar injury is not isolated, but associated with a more extensive regional injury and that a supination force is the decisive factor causing a talar injury.

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Résumé Les auteurs ont étudié 218 traumatismes de l'astragale en tenant particulièrement compte de la nature et de l'étendue des lésions associées. Chez 96 blessés (44%), il existait une fracture d'un os voisin, à savoir: 59 fractures du cou-de-pied, 27 du calcanéum et 11 du scaphoïde tarsien. Sept fois, la lésion astragalienne était associée à une fracture du cou-de-pied et du calcanéum. Parmi les cas compliqués de fractures bimalléolaires, 15 étaient ouverts (25%) et plusieurs (37%) siégeaient au niveau de la poulie astragalienne.Trente-six (61%) des lésions associées du cou-de-pied étaient des fractures par supination, 5 étaient des fractures par pronation et 2 par supination-rotation externe. La moitié environ des traumatismes astragaliens survenus sur un pied en supination étaient des fractures par cisaillement du col de l'astragale. Parmi les 27 fractures du calcanéum, 11 étaient des fractures par compression, avec enfoncement thalamique, tandis que les autres étaient des fractures sans déplacement, par cisaillement, ou des fractures par avulsion.Les auteurs concluent qu'en règle un traumatisme de l'astragale n'est pas isolé mais associé à des lésions régionales plus étendues et qu'une force s'exerçant en supination constitue le facteur déterminant des lésions traumatiques de l'astragale.

     

严重Pilon骨折的手术治疗

目的探讨严重Pilon骨折的不同手术方法、手术时机及治疗效果。方法对1999年5月至2006年6月间46例严重Pilon骨折分别采用有限内固定、有限内固定结合外支架固定及三叶草钢板内固定等方法进行手术治疗。按AO分类方式，所有患者均为C型，C1型10例，C2型22例，C3型14例。开放性骨折11例。闭合性骨折35例。结果所有患者术后均获得8～48个月的随访，平均20个月。踝关节功能按Mazur评价，优21例，良12例，可8例，差5例。主要并发症包括2例皮肤坏死，2例皮肤软组织感染，1例骨感染。5例钉道感染。结论 严重Pilon骨折根据不同的骨折类型、软组织损伤程度及医疗条件选择不同的手术方式和手术时机，均可取得良好的治疗效果。     

Trochanteric and Subtrochanteric Fractures: One Year Follow-up of a Prospective Study of Ender and McLaughlin Osteosynthesis

The clinical and social status of 110 patients with trochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures was evaluated in a prospective and comparative study 1 year after Ender or McLaughlin osteosynthesis.

In both groups the mortality rate during the first year was 21 per cent. There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning pain, hip movement, walking ability or the social status of the patients. Of the 110 patients surviving the first year, 35 per cent were unable to walk, 20 per cent walked with a cane or crutches and 30 per cent had periodic pains in the hip or knee. About 20 per cent of the patients admitted from their own home now lived in nursing homes.     

Decision-making in burst fractures of the thoracolumbar and lumbar spine

The most common site of injury to the spine is the thoracolumbar junction which is the mechanical transition junction between the rigid thoracic and the more flexible lumbar spine. The lumbar spine is another site which is more prone to injury. Absence of stabilizing articulations with the ribs, lordotic posture and more sagitally oriented facet joints are the most obvious explanations. Burst fractures of the spine account for 14% of all spinal injuries. Though common, thoracolumbar and lumbar burst fractures present a number of important treatment challenges. There has been substantial controversy related to the indications for nonoperative or operative management of these fractures. Disagreement also exists regarding the choice of the surgical approach. A large number of thoracolumbar and lumbar fractures can be treated conservatively while some fractures require surgery. Selecting an appropriate surgical option requires an in-depth understanding of the different methods of decompression, stabilization and/or fusion. Anterior surgery has the advantage of the greatest degree of canal decompression and offers the benefit of limiting the number of motion segments fused. These advantages come at the added cost of increased time for the surgery and the related morbidity of the surgical approach. Posterior surgery enjoys the advantage of being more familiar to the operating surgeons and can be an effective approach. However, the limitations of this approach include inadequate decompression, recurrence of the deformity and implant failure. Though many of the principles are the same, the treatment of low lumbar burst fractures requires some additional consideration due to the difficulty of approaching this region anteriorly. Avoiding complications of these surgeries are another important aspect and can be achieved by following an algorithmic approach to patient assessment, proper radiological examination and precision in decision-making regarding management. A detailed understanding of the mechanism of injury and their unique biomechanical propensities following various forms of treatment can help the spinal surgeon manage such patients effectively and prevent devastating complications.     

Unusual combined scaphoid and lunate fracture of the wrist: a case report

All perilunate fracture-dislocations combine ligament ruptures, bone avulsions, and fractures in a variety of clinical forms. The most frequent is the dorsal trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation. In rare cases, however, these dislocations also have been associated with capitate fractures, triquetral fractures, or lunate fracture. We report a combined scaphoid and lunate fracture of the wrist that was not associated with perilunate dislocation.     

Fractures of the thumb and finger metacarpals in athletes

Most metacarpal fractures are minimally displaced and are treated without surgery. Markedly displaced fractures, fractures causing finger rotation, and displaced intra-articular fractures require surgical intervention. The challenge with the elite athlete is achieving an early return to play without compromising fracture position. Casts, splints, and surgery each have a role in getting the athlete back into action as soon as possible.