完全腹腔镜与开腹肝切除术治疗左外叶肝细胞癌的效果比较

目的探索完全腹腔镜肝切除治疗左外叶肝细胞癌(HCC)的安全性、可行性和有效性。方法选取2012年4月~(-2)015年4月攀枝花市中心医院收治的经术后病理证实为左外叶HCC且行完全腹腔镜左肝外叶切除术(LLLR)的患者25例与同时期的另外25例行开腹左肝外叶切除(OLLR)的HCC患者进行病例配对分析。计量资料2组间比较采用t检验,计数资料2组间比较采用χ~2检验或Fisher确切概率法,生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法,生存曲线的比较采用log-rank检验。结果 LLLR组与OLLR组在手术时间、术中输血例数、R0切缘例数方面比较差异均无统计学意义(P值均0.05),但在术中出血量[(216.40±15.39)d vs(273.20±16.65)d]、平均住院时间[(6.92±0.28)d vs(10.32±0.52)d]和手术并发症发生率(20%vs 48%)方面差异有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。LLLR组与OLLR组在1、3年总体生存率和无进展生存率方面比较差异均无统计学意义(P值均0.05)。结论 LLLR与OLLR治疗左外叶HCC相比,不仅远期效果相似,而且在手术出血量、手术并发症、住院时间等方面更具优势。     

荧光腹腔镜肝切除术与常规腹腔镜肝切除术治疗HCC患者效果比较

目的 研究荧光腹腔镜肝切除术与常规腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝细胞癌(HCC)患者的临床效果。方法 2014年8月～2017年8月我院收治的148例HCC患者被随机分为观察组74例和对照组74例,分别行荧光腹腔镜肝切除术和常规腹腔镜肝切除术。随访3年。结果 观察组切缘肿瘤细胞阳性率为2.7%,显著低于对照组的13.5%(x²=5.804,P=0.016);两组围术期胸腔积液、发热、切口感染、胆漏和腹腔出血等并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);观察组6 m、1 a和2 a生存率分别为98.6%、94.6%和90.5%,与对照组的95.9%、93.2%和86.5%比,无显著性差异(P＞0.05),但3 a生存率为85.1%,显著高于对照组的70.3%(P＜0.05);观察组3 a肿瘤复发率为27.0%,显著低于对照组的47.3%(P＜0.05)。结论 与常规腹腔镜肝切除术比,采用荧光腹腔镜肝切除术能实现肿瘤切缘的可视化,保证肿瘤切缘安全,有利于提高HCC患者生存率。     

开腹肝癌切除术与腹腔镜肝癌切除术治疗肝细胞癌患者临床疗效的比较

目的比较开腹肝癌切除术与腹腔镜肝癌切除术对肝细胞癌患者的临床疗效。方法收集该院收治的原发性肝细胞癌患者54例,随机分为开腹组和腹腔镜组各27例,开腹组给予开腹肝癌切除术治疗,腹腔镜组给予腹腔镜肝癌切除术,治疗后检测所有患者的血清细胞间黏附分子(ICAM)-1、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-13、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、免疫球蛋白(Ig)A、Ig M、Ig G水平及近期临床疗效相关指标。结果手术后,与开腹组比较,腹腔镜组患者血清ICAM-1、MMP-13、PCT、IL-6水平均较低,血清Ig A、Ig M、Ig G水平较高(P0.05),术中出血量、绝对卧床时间及住院周期较低(P0.05)。结论与开腹肝癌切除术比较,腹腔镜肝癌切除术能够更明显地降低肝细胞癌患者血清ICAM-1、MMP-13水平,患者的炎症反应较轻,对免疫功能的影响较少,术中出血量较低,绝对卧床时间及住院周期较短,对临床有指导意义。     

腹腔镜肝切除术与开腹肝切除术治疗肝内胆管细胞癌患者短期临床疗效研究

目的 研究腹腔镜肝切除术(LH)与开腹肝切除术(OH)治疗肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)患者的短期临床疗效。方法 2018年2月～2021年2月我院诊治的122例ICC患者,被随机分为对照组61例和观察组61例,分别接受OH或LH治疗,随访观察半年。采用ELISA法检测血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、皮质醇(Cor)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)。结果 LH组手术时长、术中失血量、肛门首次排气和术后住院日分别为(232.2±50.4)min、(592.3±164.7)ml、(2.1±0.8)d和(6.5±1.3)d,显著短于或少于0H组【分别为(321.1±69.7)min、(995.5±321.4)ml、(2.7±0.7)d和(8.2±1.7)d,P<0.0 5】;在术后3 d时,LH组血清CRP、Cor和IL-6水平分别为(25.1±4.0)mg/L、(529.6±75.4)mmol/L和(83.5±7.2)pg/ml,均显著低于0H组【分别为(39.8±5.1)mg/L、(654.7±78.1)mmol/L和(97.3±10.2)pg/ml,P<0.05】;在术后7 d时,LH组血...     

腹腔镜与开腹肝切除术治疗肝内胆管细胞癌患者疗效与安全性研究

目的 比较腹腔镜肝切除术(LLR)与开腹肝切除术(OLR)治疗肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)患者的疗效与安全性。方法 2015年1月～2018年6月我院诊治的ICC患者74例,其中32例接受LLR手术,另42例接受OLR手术。随访3年。结果 两组年龄、性别、腹部手术史、血清CA19-9和CEA水平、神经侵犯、微血管侵犯、肿瘤低分化、肿瘤直径和淋巴结肿大等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);LLR组术中失血量、手术切口长度、肝门阻断、术后住院日、输血和胃肠道功能恢复时间分别为325(250,475)ml、5(3.5,6.5)cm、9例(28.1%)、7(5,12)d、2例(6.2%)和2(2,4)d,与OLR组【分别为500(375,750)ml、20.5(17.0,25.0)cm、31例(73.8%)、10(7,15)d、7例(16.7%)和4(3,6)d】比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组1 a生存率(81.2%对76.2%)和3 a生存率(46.8%对33.3%)无显著性差异(P>0.05);术后,两组均未发生严重并发症。结论 在当前情况下,采取OLR或LLR...     

经肝动脉化疗栓塞术联合微波消融与重复肝切除术治疗复发性肝细胞癌的效果比较

目的 比较经肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合微波消融(MWA)(TACE-MWA)与重复肝切除术(RR)治疗复发性肝细胞癌(RHCC)的效果。方法 选取2015年6月1日—2020年9月30日内江市第二人民医院收治的178例RHCC患者,按治疗方式不同分为RR组(n=64例)和TACE-MWA组(n=114)。记录治疗前基线人口学资料、肝功能及肿瘤相关情况等。随访至2021年10月,比较两组患者术后总生存期(OS)和无复发生存期(RFS)。进行基于复发模式(复发时间和肿瘤大小)的亚组分析,并研究预后的影响因素。计量资料两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,计数资料两组间比较采用χ²检验;术后生存率用Kaplan-Meier法,两组间生存差异用Log-rank检验;使用Cox多因素分析方法探寻影响生存的独立危险因素。结果 多因素分析显示,肿瘤直径、AFP水平、ALT、Alb和复发时间是OS的独立预后因素(P值均<0.05),AFP水平和复发时间是RFS的独立预后因素(P值均<0.05)。对于晚期复发(>2年)的RHCC,RR组与TACE-MWA组之间的中位O...     

肝切除术和肝移植术治疗的肝细胞癌患者3年随访结局比较

目的比较肝切除术(LR)和肝移植术(LT)两种方法治疗的肝细胞癌(HCC)患者3年的随访结局。方法回顾性分析2009年3月—2014年3月于首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院接受手术治疗的171例HCC患者临床资料,根据治疗方法分为LR组(n=83)和LT组(n=88),比较两组患者的临床资料差异。分类资料组间比较使用χ^2检验。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线和log-rank检验分析两组之间无瘤生存期和总生存期的差异;用Cox比例风险模型分别对无瘤生存期和总生存期进行单因素和多因素分析。结果与LR组对比,LT组的单发肿瘤比例(45.78%vs 85.23%)、直径<3 cm的肿瘤比例(15.66%vs 67.05%)、高Child-Pugh分期比例(9.64%vs 26.14%)明显偏高,LT组的肿瘤复发率明显偏低(48.19%vs 32.95%),且差异具有统计学意义(χ^2值分别为29.649、46.383、7.833、4.121,P值分别为<0.001、<0.001、0.005、0.042);LR治疗患者的无瘤生存率是46.02%,而LT治疗患者的无瘤生存率为80.71%,两者比较具有统计学差异(P=0.006);LR治疗患者的总生存率是76.44%,而LT治疗患者的总生存率为86.99%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.219);Cox单因素和多因素分析均显示治疗方法是无瘤生存期的独立危险因素[RR(95%CI)分别为3.383(1.334~8.579)、0.239(0.093~0.612),P值均<0.05],而治疗方法对于总生存期的预测未达到统计学差异(P=0.232)。结论LT更倾向于选择肝功能储备较差的早期肝癌患者,3年无瘤生存率较好。     

肝硬化患者肝细胞癌的预防和治疗

肝硬化患者肝细胞癌的预防主要在于如何降低相关危险因素,尤其是对HBV、HCV相关性肝硬化的预防。HBV、HCV疫苗的应用是预防的关键,抗病毒药物预防有助于减少HBV、HCV的复制,降低HCC的发生率。HCC的根治治疗主要包括手术切除和肝移植,对于不能行根治的患者选用适当的非手术切除的多种介入疗法;其他治疗如辅以免疫治疗、分子靶向治疗也有助于改善肝细胞癌患者的预后。     

腹腔镜肝切除术在肝癌合并肝硬化患者的应用

目的：探讨腹腔镜下肝切除（LH）与开腹肝切除（OH）在治疗肝癌合并肝硬化患者近期疗效之间的差别。方法选取2010年9月至2012年6月武汉大学人民医院住院的肝癌合并肝硬化患者78例,分为2组,其中LH组32例,OH组46例,分析比较2组术中、术后恢复以及术后复发之间的差别。计量资料采用成组t检验和配对t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果2组比较,术中失血量,LH组显著低于OH组（t＝0．057,P＝0．040）;手术时间,LH组高于OH组（t＝3．101,P＝0．003）;术后并发症方面,电解质紊乱、胆漏、腹水,LH组显著低于OH组（t＝3．001,3．241,4．255,P均＜0．05）;术后第1天肝功能水平（AST、ALT）,LH组显著低于OH组（t＝3．427、3．201,P＝0．001、0．002）;术后开始经口摄食的时间,LH组显著短于OH组（t＝3．012,P＝0．001）;住院时间LH组显著低于OH组（t＝2．157,P＝0．003）;肿瘤复发方面,LH组显著少于OH组（t＝2．751,P＝0．006）。结论对于肝癌合并肝硬化患者,LH较OH,无论在手术切口、术中失血量、术后腹水发生率、术后并发症、住院时间以及术后肿瘤的复发的发生方面都具有显著优势。     

肝中叶切除与半肝切除治疗中央型肝细胞癌效果比较的Meta分析

目的对肝中叶切除术和半肝切除术治疗中央型肝细胞癌的效果进行系统分析。方法通过计算机检索PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库和维普数据库中提供了肝中叶切除与半肝切除治疗中央型肝细胞癌对比研究的文献。提取手术时间、术中出血量、术后肝衰竭例数、围手术期病死率、总生存率和无瘤生存率等指标,并应用Review Manager 5. 3软件进行数据分析。各研究间的异质性采用χ~2检验判断。二分类变量采用比值比(OR)分析,连续性变量采用加权均数差(WMD)分析,两类变量均计算95%可信区间(95%CI)。结果共纳入符合标准的文献10篇,均为回顾性病例对照研究,总样本量1861例,其中肝中叶切除组1054例,半肝切除组807例。Meta分析结果显示肝中叶切除组患者术后肝衰竭的发生率低于半肝切除组(OR=0. 37,95%CI:0. 16～0. 87,P=0. 02);而手术时间(WMD=15. 17,95%CI:-18. 75～49. 05,P=0. 38)、术中出血量(WMD=100. 96,95%CI:-15. 29～217. 21,P=0. 09)、围手术期病死率(OR=0. 55,95%CI:0. 26～1. 17,P=0. 12)、术后胆漏发生率(OR=1. 32,95%CI:0. 74～2. 38,P=0. 35)、总生存率和无瘤生存率等指标并无明显差异。结论肝中叶切除术可明显降低肝切除术后肝衰竭的风险,对于存在肝硬化的中央型肝细胞癌患者,有经验的医师可优先考虑肝中叶切除术。     

Surgical and oncologic outcomes following laparoscopic versus open liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis

Aim: Laparoscopic hepatectomy has become a common method for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) nowadays, but the oncologic risks of laparoscopic liver resection for HCC are still under investigation. We performed a meta‐analysis to quantitatively compare surgical and oncologic outcomes of patients with HCC undergoing laparoscopic versus open hepatectomy. Methods: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies comparing laparoscopic with open liver resection for HCC. Two authors independently assessed study quality and extracted data. All data were analyzed using RevMan 5. Results: Ten studies comprising 627 patients were eligible for inclusion. The overall rate of conversion to open surgery was 6.6%. The laparoscopic group had significantly less blood loss by 223.17 mL (95% confidence interval [CI]: ?331.81, ?114.54; P < 0.0001), fewer need for transfusions (odds ratio [OR]: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22, .079; P = 0.007), shorter hospital stay by 5.05 days (95% CI: ?7.84, ?2.25; P = 0.0004) and fewer postoperative complications (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.77; P = 0.002). No significant differences were found concerning surgery margin (weighted mean differences [WMD], 0.55; 95% CI: ?0.71, 1.80; P = 0.39), resection margin positive rate (OR, 0.63; 95% CI: 0.25, 1.54; P = 0.31) and tumor recurrence (OR, 0.79; 95% CI: 0.49, 1.27; P = 0.33). In the 244 patients that underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy of all 10 studies included, no patients developed tumor recurrence at the site of resection margin, peritoneal dissemination or trocar‐site metastases. Conclusions: On currently available evidence, laparoscopic resection appears not to affect oncologic outcomes and increase tumor recurrence. It also offers less blood loss, decreased rate of intraoperative transfusion and shorter lengths of hospital stay. Laparoscopic resection is a safe and feasible choice for selected patients with HCC.     

Juvenile hepatocellular carcinoma with congestive liver cirrhosis

A case of juvenile hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with congestive liver cirrhosis is reported. The patient was a 21-year-old woman. She had been diagnosed as having transposition of the great arteries, type 2, in 1978. She underwent the Mustard operation, but suffered from chronic heart failure. In 1995, she experienced abdominal pain and underwent examination. The laboratory data were normal, except for elevated total bilirubin (5.2mg/dl). Blood examinations were performed at frequent intervals, and the total bilirubin level fluctuated between 0.9 and 8.1mg/dl over the next 4 years, but the transaminase level remained normal. In 1999, she experienced abdominal pain again and was admitted to our hospital. Computed tomography showed four space-occupying lesions in the liver; 45mm, 20mm, 12mm, and 10mm in size. She was diagnosed as having HCC, and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and percutaneous ethanol injection therapy were performed. Histology of the cancerous and the noncancerous liver tissue revealed HCC, moderately differentiated type, in cirrhotic liver with congestion. This patient had no background factors of liver disease, except for liver congestion, associated with the chronic heart failure. Because most patients with cardiac cirrhosis die of cardiac disease, only a small number of these patients develop liver failure. However, the incidence of HCC in patients with congestive liver disease is likely to increase in the future, as survival time is prolonged with the advances in treatment for chronic heart failure. Therefore, patients with congestive liver disease should be followed, taking into account the possibility of HCC.     

肝癌、肝硬化患者淋巴细胞染色体着丝粒点结构的变化

目的 探讨染色体着丝粒点结构（Ｃｄ）的变化在肝癌发生过程的意义。方法 采用染色体Ｃｄ带技术检测２８例肝癌、２５例肝硬化及２６例正常人染色体Ｃｄ结构丢 失频率。结果 肝癌组Ｃｄ结构在总消失率、Ａ和Ｃ组染色体中明显高于肝硬化和正常对组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,在Ｄ、Ｅ组染色体中亦高于正常组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论 肝癌患者外周血细胞染色体Ｃｄ结构丢失在增高趋势,提示Ｃｄ结构消失率增加是引起肝癌细胞染色体非整倍性     

Laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients

Introduction

We have used laparoscopic hepatectomy as a surgical treatment for HCC in patients with cirrhosis. We describe the indications, evaluate invasiveness and analyze the outcomes of laparoscopic hepatectomy.

Methods and Results

With respect to operative method, laparoscopic hepatectomy involving either partial hepatectomy or left lateral sectionectomy is a less invasive procedure in patients with cirrhosis than conventional hepatectomy. Among our laparoscopic hepatectomy cases, operative time was shorter and bleeding was less in recent, as compared to earlier, cases. Furthermore, laparoscopic hepatectomy was less invasive than conventional hepatectomy, as determined by the E-PASS scoring system. Patients also recovered more quickly, which resulted in shorter hospital stays even for patients with cirrhosis. Both the 5-year survival rate and the rate of survival without recurrence of HCC were nearly identical to those of open conventional hepatectomy.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that laparoscopic hepatectomy avoids the disadvantages of standard hepatectomy for HCC in properly selected patients with cirrhosis and that its minimal invasiveness improves patients’ quality of life.     

Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most frequent forms of cancer worldwide and its diagnosis and treatment have changed substantially during the last few years. Recent advances in ultrasonography, spiral computed tomography scan and nuclear magnetic resonance have further simplified the diagnostic approach to hepatocellular carcinoma. Ultrasonography is the reference examination, giving a wide variety of information on tumour size, location, relationship with portal and hepatic veins and splanchnic haemodynamics. Surgical resection and liver transplantation can both be defined as curative treatment while other techniques such as percutaneous ethanol injection and chemoembolization must be considered as palliative. Therapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma are based upon data concerning the characteristics of the tumour the functional status of non-tumoural liver parenchyma and patients' general conditions. Surgery of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic liver is mainly restricted by lack of functional hepatic reserve and by the limited capacity of hepatic regeneration. The best surgical results are obtained in early tumoural stages which generally need limited resection. Nevertheless, major liver resections have a specific role in selected cases. Recurrence rate after surgical resection is high and is related to a large number of factors. For this reason, liver transplantation, removing at the same time, the tumour and the underlying disease, is considered, theoretically, the best treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, but its role is still debated and limited by difficult organ sharing. Integration of present therapeutic schemes are under evaluation with promising preliminary results.     

肝占位性病变患者行腹腔镜下肝左外叶切除术的临床疗效观察

<正>1958年黄志强教授根据肝左外叶独特的解剖结构首先创用了肝脏部分切除术治疗肝内胆管结石,有效的提高了远期治疗效果,也为肝脏切除术的适用范围开辟了新的疆域[1]。从肝脏的解剖结构可知,肝脏是人体最大的实质性器官,含有丰富的血管系统,肝脏切除时如处理不慎将引起大出血甚至危及生命安全,故尽量降低、避免对肝脏组织及血管的破坏是手术成功与否的关键。随着1944年法国的Raoul Palmerjiang将腹