手术治疗合并后踝骨折的踝关节骨折

正2012年1月~2014年12月,我院手术治疗15例踝关节骨折合并后踝骨折患者,取得良好效果,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组15例,男10例,女5例;年龄22~64岁。全部为新鲜骨折。根据AO分型:44A1型6例,44A2型4例,44A3型3例,44B型2例。其中5例开放骨折(Gustilo-Anderson分型:Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱ型3例,ⅢA型1例)。合并后踝骨折的情况:X线侧位片测量后踝骨折占关节面25%6例、10%~25%     

闭合交锁髓内钉扩髓治疗Ⅲ型以上股骨干骨折26例

自2002年6月~2003年12月采用闭合交锁髓内钉扩髓治疗Ⅲ型以上股骨干骨折26例,取得了满意的疗效。1 临床资料1.1 一般资料26例中男23例,女3例。年龄22~56岁,平均44岁。骨折按Winquist分型:Ⅲ型10例,Ⅳ型16例,均为闭合性骨折。致伤原因:车祸伤20例,重物压伤6     

伸直型与屈曲型桡骨远端骨折手术疗效对比

目的:比较掌侧锁定接骨板内固定治疗伸直型与屈曲型桡骨远端骨折的疗效.方法:自2015 年 1 月至2018年6月采用掌侧锁定接骨板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折患者103例,根据原始骨折移位方向分为伸直型(Colles)骨折组和屈曲型(Smith)骨折组.Colles 骨折组68 例,其中男24 例,女44 例;年龄20～79...     

Judet入路手术治疗肩胛骨骨折

正2010年6月~2013年6月,笔者采用Judet入路手术治疗18例复杂肩胛骨骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组18例,男11例,女7例,年龄23~56岁。骨折按Hardegger分型:肩胛体部11例,肩胛颈7例,肩胛盂骨折11例(其中Ideberg分型:Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型5例),肩胛冈5例。本组患者术前均完善MS CT检查。骨折至手术时间为2~10 d。     

关节镜下锁定加压钢板治疗SchatzkerⅠ~Ⅲ型胫骨平台骨折

2016年6月~2018年6月,我科在关节镜下应用锁定加压钢板治疗21例SchatzkerⅠ~Ⅲ型胫骨平台骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组21例,男13例,女8例,年龄20~67(38.0±11.6)岁。骨折Schatzker分型:Ⅰ型9例,Ⅱ型6例,Ⅲ型6例。伤后至手术时间2~10 d。1.2治疗方法椎管内麻醉下手术。行关节镜检查,探查胫骨平台骨折关节面的塌陷程度、移位情况及骨折范围。做髌旁膝前外侧切口,行有限切开复位内固定。     

骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折的治疗策略

目的回顾性分析骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折的治疗方法及其临床疗效。方法总结分析自2003年6月~2005年6月手术治疗骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折22例。按Neer分型:二部分骨折(Ⅱ型)7例;三部分骨折(Ⅲ型)10例;四部分骨折(Ⅳ型)5例。20例采取切开复位,肱骨近端锁定加压钢板固定;NeerⅣ型中2例采取了人工肱骨头置换术治疗。结果术后经4~24个月随访,平均12·5个月。采用Constant-Murley评分标准评价:平均为79·6分(36~92分),其中优10例,良6例,可4例,差2例,优良率为72·72%。结论对于老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折应积极进行健康评估、早期手术治疗及功能锻炼,同时辅以药物治疗骨质疏松,可减少并发症、改善生活质量。     

经肘内侧Herbert螺钉内固定治疗Regan-MorreyⅡ、Ⅲ型尺骨冠状突骨折

正2010年6月~2013年12月,我中心采用Herbert螺钉内固定治疗26例Regan-MorreyⅡ、Ⅲ型尺骨冠状突骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组26例,男16例,女10例,年龄16~60岁。骨折按Regan-Morrey分型分类:Ⅱ型15例,Ⅲ型11例。合并肘关节后脱位6例。受伤至手术时间3~5 d。1.2治疗方法臂丛麻醉。肘内侧入     

CT三维重建对胫骨平台骨折的诊断价值

胫骨平台骨折属于关节内骨折,常规以X线诊断为主。由于胫骨平台骨折复杂,临床诊断误诊率、漏诊率较高,难以达到预期的治疗效果。2014年5月~2018年5月,我科收治64例胫骨平台骨折患者,笔者探讨CT三维重建诊断的应用效果及价值,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组64例,男44例,女20例,年龄20~72岁。胫骨平台骨折分型:Ⅰ型17例,Ⅱ型15例,Ⅲ型11例,Ⅳ型10例,Ⅴ型7例,Ⅵ型4例。     

肘关节前内侧入路锁定钢板治疗尺骨冠状突骨折

正2014年6月~2017年1月,我科采用肘关节前内侧入路锁定钢板治疗6例尺骨冠状突骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组6例,男5例,女1例,年龄20~48岁。均为单纯尺骨冠状突骨折。骨折按Regan-Morrey分型:Ⅱ型1例,Ⅲ型5例。伤后至手术时间为3~7 d。1.2治疗方法臂丛麻醉下手术。在     

Acutrak螺钉微创治疗Herbert-FisherB、C型腕舟骨骨折

正2008年9月~2014年6月,我们采用Acutrak螺钉微创治疗22例不稳定Herbert-Fisher B、C型腕舟骨骨折患者,临床疗效良好,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组22例,男20例,女2例,年龄18~65岁。骨折按Herbert-Fisher分类:B1型6例,B2型10例,B3型3例,C型3例。1.2治疗方法臂丛麻醉。使用上肢     

Presenteeism and Absenteeism Before and After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundAbsenteeism is costly, yet evidence suggests that presenteeism—illness-related reduced productivity at work—is costlier. We quantified employed patients’ presenteeism and absenteeism before and after total joint arthroplasty (TJA).MethodsWe measured presenteeism (0-100 scale, 100 full performance) and absenteeism using the World Health Organization’s Health and Work Performance Questionnaire before and after TJA among a convenience sample of employed patients. We captured detailed information about employment and job characteristics and evaluated how and among whom presenteeism and absenteeism improved.ResultsIn total, 636 primary, unilateral TJA patients responded to an enrollment email, confirmed employment, and completed a preoperative survey (mean age: 62.1 years, 55.3% women). Full at-work performance was reported by 19.7%. Among 520 (81.8%) who responded to a 1-year follow-up, 473 (91.0%) were still employed, and 461 (88.7%) had resumed working. Among patients reporting at baseline and 1 year, average at-work performance improved from 80.7 to 89.4. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that postoperative performance was significantly higher than preoperative performance (P < .0001). The percentage of patients who reported full at-work performance increased from 20.9% to 36.8% (delta = 15.9%, 95% confidence interval = [10.0%, 21.9%], P < .0001). Presenteeism gains were concentrated among patients who reported declining work performance leading up to surgery. Average changes in absences were relatively small. Combined, the average monthly value lost by employers to presenteeism declined from 15.3% to 8.3% and to absenteeism from 16.9% to 15.5% (ie, mitigated loss of 8.4% of monthly value).ConclusionAmong employed patients before TJA, presenteeism and absenteeism were similarly costly. After, employed patients reported increased performance, concentrated among those with declining performance leading up to surgery.     

The German emergency and disaster medicine and management systemdhistory and present

As well for optimized emergency management in individual cases as for optimized mass medicine in disaster management, the principle of the medical doctors approaching the patient directly and timely, even close to the site of the incident, is a long-standing marker for quality of care and patient survival in Germany. Professional rescue and emergency forces, including medical services, are the “Golden Standard” of emergency management systems. Regulative laws, proper organization of resources, equipment, training and adequate delivery of medical measures are key factors in systematic approaches to manage emergencies and disasters alike and thus save lives. During disasters command, communication, coordination and cooperation are essential to cope with extreme situations, even more so in a globalized world. In this article, we describe the major historical milestones, the current state of the German system in emergency and disaster management and its integration into the broader European approach.     

Differences in Osteocyte Density and Bone Histomorphometry Between Men and Women and Between Healthy and Osteoporotic Subjects

Bone defects related to osteoporosis develop with increasing age and differ between males and females. It is currently thought that the bone remodeling process is supervised by osteocytes in a strain-dependent manner. We have shown an altered response of osteocytes from osteoporotic patients to mechanical loading, and osteocyte density is reduced in osteoporotic patients, which might relate to imperfect bone remodeling, leading to lack of bone mass and strength. Hence, information on osteocyte density will contribute to a better understanding of bone biology in males and females and to the assessment of osteoporosis. Osteocyte density as well as conventional histomorphometric parameters of trabecular bone were determined in cancellous iliac crest bone of healthy postmenopausal women and men and of osteoporotic women and men. Osteocyte density was higher in healthy females than in healthy males and lower in osteoporotic females than in healthy females. Bone mass was reduced in osteoporotic patients, both male and female. In females, trabecular number was reduced, whereas in males, trabecular thickness was reduced and eroded surface was increased. There were no correlations between the parameter groups bone architecture, bone formation, bone resorption, and osteocyte density. These results are consistent with impaired osteoblast function in osteoporotic patients and with a different mechanism of bone loss between men and women, in which osteocyte density might play a role. The reduced osteocyte numbers in female osteoporotic patients might relate to imperfect bone remodeling leading to lack of bone mass and strength. M. G. Mullender and S. D. Tan contributed equally to this work.     

肝内胆管囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的CT、MRI及病理表现

目的探讨肝内胆管囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的CT、MRI和病理特点。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的6例肝内胆管囊腺瘤和2例肝内胆管囊腺癌的影像及临床病理资料，将病变的影像表现与其病理大体形态及组织学表现作对照分析。结果6例肝内胆管囊腺瘤，女4例、男2例；2例肝内胆管囊腺癌均为女性病人；8例病人平均年龄55岁。所有病灶均表现为多房囊性肿块，肿瘤囊腔各分房内常为多种液体成分，在CT上可表现为不同密度、在MRI上可表现为不同信号强度。囊内出现多发大小不等的壁结节在胆管囊腺癌内更常见，囊内有分隔但无壁结节只见于胆管囊腺瘤。在7例CT扫描中，4例胆管囊腺瘤和1例胆管囊腺癌可见囊壁或分隔上钙化，囊壁、囊内分隔及囊内结节均为轻、中度延迟增强。肿瘤中出现卵巢样间质见于3例胆管囊腺瘤和1例胆管囊腺癌，且均为女性病人。结论肝内胆管囊腺瘤和囊腺癌是肝脏不常见的囊性肿瘤，影像上多房、囊内有分隔且各分房囊内密度或信号不一致，高度提示肝内胆管囊腺瘤或囊腺癌的诊断，如囊内伴有多发大小不等的结节，则进一步提示囊腺癌的可能。但影像学表现不能区分肿瘤中有无卵巢样间质。