氯雷他定诱发严重淤胆型肝炎1例

患者,女性,56岁,因乏力、纳差伴皮肤瘙痒半月,加重伴巩膜黄染、尿黄1周入院。患者2009年2月5日无明显诱因感乏力、纳差,厌油腻,伴有皮肤瘙痒,当时无明显眼黄、尿黄,自服氯雷他定1片,1／d,2d后自觉纳差加重,伴恶心,并出现明显巩膜黄染,小便如浓茶。继续服用3d,消化道症状进行性加重,遂停服,于2月13日入我科。否认发病前不洁饮食史及生食海鲜史,否认与肝炎患者密切接触史,否认输血史。患者既往有类风湿关节炎病史20年,一直口服倍他米松、布洛芬,近1年因关节疼痛加重,加用元胡止痛片及曲马多。     

长期甲状腺功能亢进致心源性肝硬化1例报告

1病例资料 患者女性,37岁,因＂乏力1年余,间断腹胀、尿少伴食欲减退、黄疸2月余＂于7个月前来本科就诊。患者入院前1年余无明显诱因出现周身乏力,未在意,未系统诊治;入院前2月余无明显诱因出现腹胀、目黄、尿黄伴尿量减少（24 h尿量约700 ml）,同时伴有食欲减退,腹围逐渐增大,并逐渐出现劳力性心悸、呼吸困难、双下肢水肿及夜间不能平卧。既往：＂甲状腺肥大＂2年,未系统诊治;否认饮酒史、长期服药史。     

Dubin-Johnson综合征1例报告

正Dubin-Johnson综合征又称为先天性非溶血性黄疸直接胆红素升高I型,临床少见且易误诊,现就临床Dubin-Johnson综合征追踪12年1例病例报告如下。1病例资料患者女性,65岁,因"间断目黄、尿黄30余年,间断上腹部不适15年,加重伴乏力2个月"于2014年10月22日入院;30余年前无明显诱因出现目黄、尿黄,尿呈淡茶色,无皮肤黄染及瘙痒,未系统诊治;15年前无明显诱因出现目黄、尿黄加重,并     

氟他胺引起暴发性肝衰竭一例

患者男,78岁,因乏力,纳差,腹胀2周,伴恶心,眼黄,尿黄进行性加重1周入院。患者2003年7月初开始无诱因逐渐出现乏力,纳差,厌油腻,腹胀不适,并进行性加重,1周后发现皮肤、巩膜黄染,小便呈茶色。无皮肤瘙痒,无发热,无腹痛、腹泻,无皮疹,无白陶土样大便,无恶心、呕吐。否认输血及血制品史;否认病前明显不洁饮食及生食海鲜史,否认与肝炎患者密切接触史。     

成人Still病致肝功能衰竭行肝移植1例报告

<正>1临床资料患者,女,30岁,因间断关节胀痛1 a,尿黄15 d,面黄、目黄4 d,加重伴头晕2 d于2012年2月5日入院。既往:2010年6月于吉林大学第一医院风湿科诊断为"成人Still病",给予激素及免疫抑制剂治疗,于2010年8月因症状好转停药。同年9月份出现一过性皮疹,再次就诊,继续口服激素,2010年11月逐渐减量,至2011年3月停药。因症状缓解不明显,于2011年4月去上海某医院就诊,诊断"类风湿疾病",自行口服"风湿灵关节炎胶囊"直至发病前1周停药,共约4个月。入院前半个月出现尿黄,4 d前出现面黄、目黄,加重2 d。否认     

第002例──尿黄并乏力腹胀及腹痛原因待查

1病例摘要患者男,16岁,主因"尿黄3个月,乏力腹胀2周,加重伴腹痛3天"入院。患者3个月前无明显诱因出现尿色发黄,口服护肝片等保肝药物治疗,未检测肝功能。尿黄逐渐加深,2周前感乏力腹胀逐渐加重,尿量减少。因腹痛3天,伴腹泻来诊,门诊以"肝硬化原因待查"收入院。     

慢性乙型肝炎恢复期重症血小板减少1例

<正>患者,男,40岁。因"乏力、纳差、尿黄半月"入院。患者半月前无明显诱因出现四肢无力、食欲下降,伴恶心、尿黄,到当地医院就诊,查肝功能异常(具体不详),给予保肝、退黄、对症治疗,肝功能损害继续加重,到我院门诊就诊,以"慢性乙型肝炎"收入院。既往史:"患者20年前体检发现乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性,当时查肝功能正常,未用药治疗,此后未定期复查肝功能,否认高血压、糖尿病病史。"入院查体:T36.5℃,BP 130/     

原发性肝癌伴右心房实性占位1例

1 病历摘要 患者 男,70岁,因"乏力、纳差、腹胀两个月,加重伴双下肢水肿20天"入院.患者否认既往传染病史及心脏病史,于两个月前无明显诱因感四肢乏力、进食减少及上腹部撑胀,未治疗.     

慢性乙型肝炎临床治愈1例报告

正1病例资料患者男性,51岁,因"间断乏力8个月余,面黄、目黄、尿黄10 d"于2015年1月5日入院。既往史:1年前曾有献血史,否认病毒性肝炎病史及家族史,否认吸烟史,偶有少量饮酒,无特殊用药史。查体:血压120/72 mm Hg,一般状态尚可,面色晦暗,皮肤、巩膜重度黄染,浅表淋巴结未触及肿大,无肝掌、蜘蛛痣,腹部平坦,未见腹壁静脉曲张,无压痛、反跳痛、肌紧张,肝、     

自身免疫性胆管炎1例

1病例资料患者,男,54岁,因＂尿黄伴皮肤瘙痒2年,再发1个月＂于2009年4月23日入院。2年前出现尿黄伴皮肤瘙痒、乏力,无发热,无腹痛,食欲进食可,外院化验肝功能异常,保肝治疗后肝功能略有好转,症状时有反复。既往史：否认病毒性肝炎、酒精性、代谢性及中毒性肝病等病史。入院时查体：神清,面色晦暗,巩膜轻度黄染,心肺未闻及异常     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.