监狱警察工作绩效现状及其影响因素

目的 了解监狱警察工作绩效现状及其影响因素,为有效开展警察绩效管理提供参考.方法 采用随机整群抽样方法对辽宁省3所监狱抽取的1 048名监狱警察进行问卷调查.结果 监狱警察工作绩效总分为(74.11±12.82)分,工作奉献、任务绩效、人际促进3个维度得分分别为(26.53±5.35)、(23.50±4.34)、(24.08±4.29)分；分层回归分析结果表明,将控制变量、自变量、调节变量和交互作用变量全部放入回归模型后,监狱警察工作绩效的主要影响因素为:回报(β＝0.224)、超负荷(β＝0.084)、工作-家庭冲突(β＝0.293)、家庭-工作冲突(β＝-0.307)、组织支持感(β＝0.277)、回报×组织支持感(β＝0.130)、超负荷×组织支持感(β＝-0.081)、工作-家庭冲突×组织支持感(β＝-0.171)和家庭-工作冲突×组织支持感(β＝0.119),对工作绩效解释的变异量为32.1％.结论 付出-回报失衡、工作-家庭冲突、组织支持感对监狱警察工作绩效有较好的预测作用.     

监狱干警付出-回报失衡与抑郁倾向的关系:组织支持感的中介作用

目的了解监狱干警的抑郁倾向情况,探讨组织支持感在付出-回报失衡与抑郁倾向关系中的中介作用。方法运用整群抽样的方法对某省四所监狱的1 800名监狱干警进行问卷调查,问卷包括流行病调查用抑郁自评量表、付出-回报失衡问卷、组织支持感量问卷。结果监狱干警的抑郁倾向率为58.6%,抑郁倾向与付出回报失衡问卷的付出和超负荷维度呈显著正相关,与回报维度和组织支持感呈显著负相关。付出-回报失衡问卷对抑郁倾向解释变异量为30.7%,组织支持感的中介作用对抑郁倾向解释变异量为3%。结论监狱干警抑郁情况比较严重,付出-回报失衡和组织支持感对抑郁倾向有很好的预测作用,组织支持感在付出、回报与抑郁倾向的关系中起了中介作用。     

广东省住院总护士工作家庭冲突现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解广东省住院总护士工作家庭冲突状况,并分析其影响因素。方法 采用整群抽样法,2021年3月选取广东省3所三级甲等医院的369名住院总护士作为调查对象,采用一般情况调查问卷、工作家庭冲突量表和组织支持感量表进行横断面调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 广东省369名住院总护士工作家庭冲突总分为（50.39±14.50）分,工作-家庭冲突分量表得分为（27.12±7.46）分,家庭-工作冲突分量表得分为（23.27±7.54）分;不同科室与健康自评的住院总护士的工作-家庭冲突分量表得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）,不同的月收入与健康自评的住院总护士的家庭-工作冲突分量表得分及工作家庭冲突总分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;组织支持感与工作家庭双向冲突得分及工作家庭冲突总分均呈负相关（均P<0.01）。控制住院总护士的月收入和健康自评变量后,组织支持感可单独解释住院总护士工作家庭冲突总变异的9.6%。结论 广东省住院总护士工作家庭冲突处于中等偏高水平,并受科室、月收入、健康自评以及组织支持感等因素的影响。护理管理者可制定合理有效的干预计划,以改善...     

广东省湛江市护士工作投入状况及相关因素

[目的]探讨广东省湛江市护士工作投入的水平,及社会支持和工作家庭冲突对其造成的影响. [方法]便利选取该市的1457名护士,采用一般情况调查表、《社会支持量表》《工作家庭冲突量表》及《工作投入量表》进行问卷调查. [结果]回收有效问卷1250份.护士的社会支持、工作-家庭冲突、家庭-工作冲突、工作投入得分分别为(3.79±0.63)、(4.36±1.41)、(2.81 ±1.10)和(3.45士1.17)分.相关分析显示,社会支持与工作-家庭冲突和家庭-工作冲突呈负相关(r=-0.11、-0.19,P＜0.01),与工作投入呈正相关(r=0.33,P＜0.01);工作-家庭冲突和家庭-工作冲突与工作投入呈负相关(r=-0.28、-0.30,P＜0.01).回归分析显示,社会支持、工作-家庭冲突、家庭-工作冲突都可影响护士的工作投入,累积变异解释率为20％.同时,工作-家庭冲突和家庭-工作冲突在社会支持与工作投入之间发挥部分中介作用. [结论]广东省湛江市护士的社会支持和工作投入不高,仅略高于量表条目得分均值水平,有待进一步提高;工作-家庭冲突较高,家庭-工作冲突得分较低.增加工作中的支持既可直接促进护士的工作投入,也可通过降低护士工作与家庭间的冲突感间接增进工作投入.     

监狱干警组织支持感与工作满意度关系

目的探讨监狱干警组织支持感与工作满意度的关系,以及组织承诺在两者之间的中介作用。方法采用整群抽样的方法对辽宁省3所监狱的1 048名干警进行问卷调查,采用SPSS 17.0和Amos 7.0软件进行数据分析。结果监狱警察的组织支持感与工作满意度呈明显正相关(β=0.621,P<0.001),其对工作满意度的变异解释度为38.1%;组织承诺与工作满意度也呈明显的正相关(β=0.287,P<0.001),其对工作满意度的变异解释度为7.6%;组织支持感对工作满意度的直接效应为0.53,间接效应为0.13,总效应为0.66。结论组织支持感和组织承诺是工作满意度的重要预测变量,组织承诺在组织支持与工作满意度的关系中起部分中介作用,组织支持对工作满意度的直接作用大于间接作用。     

企业员工工作满意度及影响因素分析

目的 了解企业员工工作满意度状况,探讨影响工作满意度的主要因素.方法 采用横断面调查,于2010年9月,随机抽取沈阳市某企业的1000名员工进行问卷调查;采用明尼苏达满意度问卷(MSQ)测量工作满意度,付出-回报失衡问卷(ERI)测量职业紧张,组织支持感量表(POS)测量组织支持感.应用分层回归分析影响员工工作满意度的因素.结果 该企业员工总体满意度平均为(63.81±11.44),分层回归显示,工作状况变量、职业紧张变量及组织变量对工作满意度解释的变异量分别为15.7%、9.9%、8.6%.结论 该企业员工的总体满意度不高,主要影响因素为工作状况、职业紧张及组织支持感.     

职业女性工作家庭冲突状况及其与社会支持和主观幸福感的关系

目的 了解职业女性工作家庭冲突状况及其与社会支持、主观幸福感的关系,为指导职业女性职业生涯发展、提升家庭生活质量提供依据.方法 采用Carlson(2000)编制的工作家庭冲突量表(the work Family Conflict Inventory,WFCI)的中文修订版、社会支持评定量表、Diener人(1985)编制的主观幸福感问卷,对全国在岗的230名职业女性进行问卷调查.结果 职业女性面临较普遍的工作家庭冲突;工作家庭冲突显著影响职业女性的主观幸福感,基于时间的工作-家庭冲突与基于压力的工作-家庭冲突对其主观幸福感有非常显著的影响(t=-2.61,P ＜0.01;t=-0.129,P ＜0.05):负向作用于主观幸福感;社会支持与主观幸福感显著相关(r =0.223,P＜0.01);社会支持对工作家庭冲突、主观幸福感之间有一定的调节作用,达到显著水平(β=0.753,P＜0.01).结论 职业女性存在较普遍的工作家庭冲突,工作家庭冲突对其主观幸福感有负面影响,社会支持能提升其主观幸福感,社会支持对工作家庭冲突与主观幸福感之间有一定的调节作用.     

公务员生存质量、工作家庭冲突与应对方式关系

目的 了解公务员生存质量现状及与工作家庭冲突、应对方式的关系.方法 采用生存质量感量表、工作家庭冲突量表(WFC)及应对方式量表对在重庆市永川区分层随机抽取的514名公务员进行问卷调查.结果 公务员生存质量感总分及生理、心理、环境、社会关系4个领域得分分别为(3.17±0.91)、(3.13 ±2.40)、(3.08±2.17)、(2.97±2.69)、(3.14±1.26)分;工作家庭冲突总分及工作时间对家庭的影响(TWIF)、工作压力对家庭的影响(SWIF)、工作行为对家庭的影响(BWIF)、家庭时间对工作的影响(TFIW)、家庭压力对工作的影响(SFIW)、家庭行为对工作的影响(BFIW)因子得分分别为(3.01±1.69)、(3.06±1.68)、(3.02±1.67)、(2.88±1.54)、(2.99±1.74)、(3.05±1.86)、(3.05±1.54)分;应对方式总分及积极应对、消极应对维度得分分别为(2.61±0.29)、(2.67±0.26)、(2.54±0.30)分;生存质量感总分与工作家庭冲突总分及其各维度(除TWIF外)均呈负相关(P＜0.05),与应对方式总分及其各维度均呈正相关(P＜0.05);积极应对、消极应对、SWIF对生存质量感具有预测作用.结论 公务员生存质量感为中等水平,工作家庭冲突和应对方式对生存质量感有影响,应对方式和SWIF可预测公务员生存质量感.     

公立医院非编制人员组织支持感、组织认同与工作投入的关系研究

目的:探讨中国人事制度背景下公立医院非编制人员的组织支持感、组织认同对工作投入的影响过程和影响机制,为医院管理者采取措施促进非编制人员的工作投入提供参考。方法:采用组织支持感问卷、组织认同量表和工作投入量表,对四川某市6所市属三级公立医院的650名非编制人员进行调查,采用SPSS19.0进行描述性分析、相关分析、回归分析,采用AMOS17.0建立3个变量的结构方程模型。结果:公立医院非编制人员的组织支持感总均分为(2.80±1.05)分,组织认同总均分为(3.73±1.03)分,工作投入总均分为(2.99±1.58)分;组织支持感、组织认同与工作投入呈两两显著正相关(P0.01);组织支持感对工作投入有直接效应,并能以组织认同为中介变量对其产生间接效应。结论:公立医院非编制人员组织支持感、工作投入程度处于较低水平,公立医院管理者可以通过提高非编制人员组织支持感及组织认同感促进工作投入。     

湖南省职业女性主观幸福感与工作家庭冲突、家庭压力的相关性研究

目的调查湖南省职业女性的主观幸福感现状,探讨其与工作家庭冲突、家庭压力的关系,为提升职业女性的幸福感提供参考。方法采用一般资料问卷、主观幸福感指数量表、工作家庭冲突量表、家庭压力量表对湖南省4个地市834名在岗职业女性进行横断面调查。结果职业女性主观幸福感总分为(10.32±2.14)分。工作-家庭冲突平均分为(2.77±0.84)分,家庭-工作冲突平均分为(2.36±0.76)分。家庭压力总分为(12.17±2.59)分。平均家庭月收入和学历对主观幸福感具有正向预测作用;家庭压力和家庭-工作冲突对主观幸福感具有负向预测作用。结论所调查的职业女性主观幸福感处于中高度水平。平均家庭月收入、学历、家庭压力、家庭-工作冲突等在一定程度上会影响其主观幸福感。应采取有效措施来缓解职业女性工作家庭冲突,减轻家庭压力,进一步提升其主观幸福感。     

广西18所监狱警察工作压力与职业倦怠的关系: 心理资本的中介作用

摘要:目的　考察监狱警察工作压力与心理资本、职业倦怠之间的关系。方法　采用监狱警察压力问卷（Prison Police's Job Stress Scale）、职业倦怠问卷（Maslach Burnout Inventory General Surrey）、心理资本问卷（Psychological Capital Questionnaire）对广西18所监狱450名警察进行调查。结果　职位为科员、副科的监狱警察工作压力显著高于正科监狱警察（P＜0.05）,其他人口学变量在各量表的得分差异均无统计学意义。工作压力与职业倦怠呈显著正相关（r＝0.588,P＜0.001）,与心理资本及自我效能、希望、韧性、乐观维度呈显著负相关（r＝-0.277～-0.434,均P＜0.001）;心理资本及自我效能、希望、韧性、乐观维度与职业倦怠呈显著负相关（r＝-0.512～-0.656,均P＜0.001）。心理资本在监狱警察工作压力与职业倦怠间存在部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的比例为36.46%。结论　监狱警察的工作压力越大其职业倦怠水平越高,且心理资本在两者之间起到部分中介作用。     

A Survey of Quality of Life and Depression for Police Officers in Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Objective: The enormous job stress of police work may result in depression, which is highly correlated with work disability and poor quality of life. We investigated the quality of life, the probability of depression, and the related risk factors for police officers in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Methods: We used the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) and the Disaster-Related Psychological Screening Test (DRPST) to assess the quality of life and prevalence of depression for 832 police officers in Kaohsiung. Results: The estimated rate of probable major depression was 21.6% (180/832). Those with an educational level of university or above and nondepressed police officers had higher scores in every subscale for quality of life. Police officers older than 50 had higher scores in the mental aspects of quality of life. Family problems and job stress related to achievement, peer pressure about performance, and heavy workloads were predictive factors for depression. Conclusion: Police officers might have a higher estimated rate of depression than previously thought, and those with depression have a poorer quality of life.     

Blood exposure

Jerome Murphy, an HIV-positive Illinois man, was sentenced to 5 years in prison for splattering 2 police officers with his blood and threatening to give them AIDS. The police were called to Murphy's apartment after receiving a report about an attempted suicide. Murphy pleaded guilty to attempted transmission of HIV in a plea bargain agreement, and the prosecutor dropped the more serious charge of attempted battery of a police officer. The officers show no sign of infection to date.     

Physical activity levels as a quantifier in police officers and cadets

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to determine the physical activity levels of active duty police officers and police academy cadets in different life domains and intensities. These parameters were treated as potential quantifiers that could be used when assessing individuals preparing for work as future police officers.

Material and Methods

The study recruited 153 active police officers and 176 cadets attending a police academy and administered a diagnostic survey, the long-form version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, while in the statistical analysis the Student’s t-test for independent groups was applied.

Results

It was determined that police officers present high physical activity levels within the work domain, which are developed from initial training at a police academy and then throughout their police career.

Conclusions

Such data are important in the light of the role police officers play in public safety as well as the prominence of physical activity within a particular profession and how it can be targeted and tailored to their needs.     

Physical activity, fitness and body composition of Finnish police officers: a 15-year follow-up study

This study evaluated Changes in the physical activity, fitnessand body composition of 103 police officers during a 15-yearfollow-up. The absolute aerobic capacity was similar in 1981and 1996, muscular performance had declined, and body weighthad increased approximately 0.5 kg/year. More than half thesubjects (53%) had increased their leisure-time physical activityin 1996. The correlation was significant between physical activityin 1981 and physical fitness in 1996, but weak between physicalactivity in 1996 and fitness in 1996. It was also significantbetween waist circumference and waist/hip ratio in 1996 andphysical activity during the previous 5 and 15 years. No significantcorrelations were found between physical activity and work abilityor perceived physical or mental job stress. The physical fitnessof middle-aged police officers seems to be predicted stronglyby physical activity in early adulthood. Therefore health andfitness promotion measures should start at that time. This,together with regular systematic training, should help to sustainwork ability of middle-aged police officers.     

N.Y. approves disability pay for prison guards with HIV

Governor George E. Pataki of New York signed legislation allowing State corrections personnel to apply for accidental disability benefits based on a claim that HIV, tuberculosis, or hepatitis was contracted on the job. This legislation affords civil service corrections personnel to have the same protection afforded to New York corrections officers, firefighters, and police officers. Pataki vetoed a similar measure extending coverage to police officers and firefighters in New York City who are not included under State Retirement and Social Security Law provisions.     

Musculoskeletal problems and driving in police officers

The Occupational Health Department of a rural police force inthe UK had concerns regarding sickness absence levels due tomusculoskeletal problems, particularly in officers who droveas part of their job. It was decided to conduct an interviewsurvey comparing two groups of police officers with differinglevels of exposure to driving, recording sickness absence andprevalence data related due to musculoskeletal troubles. Theresults indicate that exposure to car driving, both in termsof distance and hours driven, had a significant effect on self-reportedlow back trouble. Officers whose job mainly involved drivingalso experienced more low back trouble over the last 12 monthsthan those whose job primarily involved sitting (not driving),standing and lifting tasks. Police motorcyclists had significantlyhigher prevalence figures for reported shoulder trouble thanpolice car drivers.     

Prison employment and post‐traumatic stress disorder: Risk and protective factors

Objectives

To examine the prevalence of Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in a sample of prison employees, investigate risk factors, and explore protective factors for PTSD.

Methods

We surveyed 355 Washington State Department of Corrections employees. The survey included the PTSD checklist for the DSM‐5 (PCL‐5), the Critical Incident History Questionnaire, and the Work Environment Inventory.

Results

We found 19% of the sample met the criteria for diagnosable PTSD. Several risk factors were associated with a higher PCL‐5 score, including exposure to critical incidents, and having greater ambiguity in the job role. Being happy with job assignments and having positive relationships with supervisors and coworkers were associated with decreased PCL‐5 score.

Conclusions

Prison employees have a PTSD rate equivalent to Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans and higher than police officers, suggesting the importance of developing programs for promoting resilience to stress, incorporating the knowledge gained on risk, and protective factors.

     

Health and human rights of women imprisoned in Zambia

Background

The healthcare needs and general experience of women in detention in sub-Saharan Africa are rarely studied and poorly understood.

Methods

A mixed-methods study was conducted including in-depth interviews with 38 adult female prisoners and 21 prison officers in four Zambian prisons to assess the health and human rights concerns of female detainees. Key informant interviews with 46 officials from government and non-governmental organizations and a legal and policy review were also conducted.

Results

Despite special protection under international and regional law, incarcerated women's health needs–including prenatal care, prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and nutritional support during pregnancy and breastfeeding–are not being adequately met in Zambian prisons. Women are underserved by general healthcare programs including those offering tuberculosis and HIV testing, and reported physical and sexual abuse conducted by police and prison officers that could amount to torture under international law.

Conclusions

There is an urgent need for women's healthcare services to be expanded, and for general prison health campaigns, including HIV and tuberculosis testing and treatment, to ensure the inclusion of female inmates. Abuses against women in Zambian police and prison custody, which violate their rights and compromise their health, must be halted immediately.