乳腺导管原位癌26例疗效分析

目的 通过对导管原位癌(DCIS)的疗效分析,探讨对DCIS的合理治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析1992年1月—200l年12月间我院收治的26例DCIS,中位随访时间42(12—112)个月,随诊资料完整者22例。26例中,全乳切除3例,全乳切除加腋淋巴结清扫23例。术后接受辅助化疗8例,接受辅助放疗1例。结果 26例中失访3例,1例死于糖尿病。余22例均生存5年以上,无因DCIS死亡的病例,有1例为胸壁局部复发。23例行腋淋巴结清扫切除之淋巴结全部没有转移,3例出现上肢水肿。结论 DCIS系非侵袭性癌,缺乏转移能力,推荐采用不加淋巴结清扫的保乳手术。     

乳腺导管原位癌伴微浸润发生腋窝淋巴结转移的相关因素分析

目的探讨乳腺导管原位癌伴微浸润(breast ductal carcinoma in situ withmicroinvasion,DCIS-Mi)患者发生腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素。方法应用回顾性调查方法收集2000年1月至2008年10月可手术乳腺DCIS-Mi病例共174例,分析有无腋窝淋巴结转移患者的不同分子病理特征,并通过χ2检验、Spearman检验以及Logistic回归分析筛选腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素。结果 174例DCIS-Mi患者中,有腋窝淋巴结转移者9例(5.17%)。DCIS-Mi病灶中,DCIS级别与腋窝淋巴结转移呈正相关(r=0.262,P=0.000),激素受体状态与腋窝淋巴结转移呈负相关(r=-0.192,P=0.011)。经Logistic回归分析各因素相互调整后,DCIS高级别(OR=37.191,P=0.005)和肿瘤直径≥4.0cm(OR=29.634,P=0.023)是DCIS-Mi病灶发生转移的高危因素。结论在DCIS-Mi患者中,DCIS级别高和肿瘤直径≥4.0cm者容易发生腋窝淋巴结转移,对此类患者进行个体化治疗是必要的。     

乳腺导管原位癌术后全身多脏器转移一例

<正>乳腺导管原位癌(ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)属于非浸润性乳腺癌,病理形态学表现为乳腺导管上皮细胞癌变且局限于导管的基膜内,未侵犯间质,临床发病率约占乳腺癌的10%左右~[1]。DCIS预后好,腋窝淋巴结转移率低,治疗方式以手术切除为主,部分患者术后辅助放射治疗及内分泌治疗,但是DCIS是否需要化疗目前是存在争议的。北京大学深圳医院乳腺外科收治一位DCIS术后短期内复发并全身多     

乳腺导管原位癌与导管原位癌伴微浸润的临床比较

目的 分析乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)及原位癌伴微浸润(DCIS-MI)患者治疗模式变化、临床特征、治疗结果及预后因素。方法 回顾性分析中国医学科学院肿瘤医院1999-2013年收治的866例女性患者资料。DCIS患者631例,DCIS-MI患者235例。用Kaplan-Meier法计算局控(LC)、无瘤生存(DFS)、总生存(OS)率,并Logrank检验和单因素预后分析。结果 DCIS及DCIS-MI两组之间OS、LC及DFS相近(P>0.05)。单因素分析显示Her-2阳性为OS及DFS影响因素,保乳未放疗患者LC和DFS劣于全乳切除术患者。结论 导管原位癌和导管原位癌伴微浸润总体生存结果类似,Her-2阳性为OS及DFS预后不良因素,保乳未放疗患者的LC和DFS劣于全乳切除术。     

乳腺导管内原位癌的超声表现分析

 目的　分析乳腺导管内原位癌的超声表现特点。方法　对12例经病理证实的乳腺导管内原位癌的超声表现进行回顾分析。结果　乳腺导管内癌在超声上主要表现为实性结节型、乳腺结构不良型、囊实性肿块型、导管扩张型。9例患者超声检查乳腺内见结节,结节纵横比大,边界不清,钙化发生率高。3例未见具体占位,其中2例局部腺体紊乱回声减低,超声诊断符合率50.0 %。钼靶检查8例可见钙化,诊断符合率66.7 %。结论　虽然乳腺导管内原位癌超声表现不典型,但在结节形态、纵横比、边界、微小钙化点等超声表现上有一定特点,结合钼靶检查结果,有助于提高诊断率。     

乳腺导管原位癌与导管原位癌伴微浸润的临床比较

目的 分析乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)及原位癌伴微浸润(DCIS-MI)患者治疗模式变化、临床特征、治疗结果及预后因素。方法 回顾性分析中国医学科学院肿瘤医院1999-2013年收治的866例女性患者资料。DCIS患者631例,DCIS-MI患者235例。用Kaplan-Meier法计算局控(LC)、无瘤生存(DFS)、总生存(OS)率,并Logrank检验和单因素预后分析。结果 DCIS及DCIS-MI两组之间OS、LC及DFS相近(P>0.05)。单因素分析显示Her-2阳性为OS及DFS影响因素,保乳未放疗患者LC和DFS劣于全乳切除术患者。结论 导管原位癌和导管原位癌伴微浸润总体生存结果类似,Her-2阳性为OS及DFS预后不良因素,保乳未放疗患者的LC和DFS劣于全乳切除术。     

乳腺导管原位癌的单中心预后分析

背景与目的:目前中国乳腺导管原位癌(ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)的发病率逐年升高,而现有治疗策略主要基于欧美大型随机对照研究.探索中国人群中DCIS患者的临床特征、复发模式和预后影响因素,以便优化临床决策.方法:回顾性分析2008年1月—2017年1月复旦大学附属肿瘤医院收治的1185例...     

富于脂质的乳腺导管原位癌1例

患者女性,80岁。发现左侧乳腺肿物伴疼痛1周。查体:双侧乳房基本对称,双侧乳头位于同一水平;乳房皮肤未见橘皮样改变及红肿,浅表静脉无扩张;左乳外上象限近乳晕处可扪及大小约为1cm×1 cm的肿物,质地中等,活动欠佳。遂切除全部肿物送病检。     

乳腺导管内原位癌治疗进展

乳腺照相技术的出现使得乳腺导管内原位癌诊断概率大大提高。手术具有很好的局部控制率,然而大多数患者适于局部切除。全文综述保乳术后放射治疗、内分泌治疗的作用和地位。     

Prediction of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis in breast carcinoma

PURPOSE: Supraclavicular lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients has a poor prognosis, and aggressive local treatment has usually resulted in severe morbidity. The purpose of this study was to select high-risk neck metastasis patients for prophylactic radiotherapy. METHODS: Between 1990 and 1998, 2658 consecutive invasive breast cancer patients underwent surgery and adjuvant therapy in the hospital. The median age was 47 years (range 22-92). The median follow-up period was 39 months. The following factors were analyzed: age, tumor size, tumor location, histologic type, histologic grade, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, DNA flow cytometry study results, number of positive axillary lymph nodes, use of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or hormonal therapy, and level of involved axillary nodes. RESULTS: Of the 2658 patients, 113 (4.3%) developed supraclavicular lymph node metastasis during this period. Young age (< or =40 years), tumor size >3 cm, high histologic grade, angiolymphatic invasion, negative estrogen receptor status, synthetic phase fraction >4%, >4 positive nodes, and level II or III involved nodes were all significant for predicting neck metastasis in the univariate analysis. Three predictive factors were significant after multivariate analysis: high histologic grade, >4 positive nodes, and axillary level II or III involved nodes. In patients with axillary level I involved nodes and < or =4 positive nodes, the incidence was 4.4%. If axillary level III was involved, the rate of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis was 15.1%. CONCLUSION: The incidence of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis was higher in the groups with >4 positive nodes and in those with axillary level II or III involved nodes. Selective use of comprehensive radiotherapy for these high-risk patients will achieve good locoregional control.     

食管癌术后淋巴结转移规律分析

目的　探讨食管癌淋巴结转移的影响因素并了解食管癌术后区域淋巴结转移的分布规律。方法　收集我院２００１至２００９年经手术治疗１０２例发生区域淋巴结转移的食管癌患者的临床资料,对影响淋巴结转移的因素行单因素分析及Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析。对术后发生区域淋巴结转移的病例,按纵隔淋巴结分区标准,以食管的分段分组,统计区域淋巴结转移在各分区中的分布。结果　在１０２例食管癌患者中,术后病理证实有阳性淋巴结转移５０例（４９.０％）。肿瘤浸润深度、病变长度和肿瘤所在部位不同对淋巴结转移率的影响有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０.０５）。年龄和肿瘤分化程度不同对淋巴结转移率的影响无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０.０５）。Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ多因素回归分析显示,病变长度、浸润深度和病变部位是判断淋巴结转移的独立因素。１０２例患者术后共计有１３２个区域淋巴结转移,下颈区５９个（４４.７０％）,上纵隔区５１个（３８.６４％）,主动脉肺窗区１个（０.７６％）,前纵隔区１个（０.７６％）,隆突下区５个（３.７９％）,中下段食管旁区３个（２.２７％）,肺门区３个（２.２７％）,腹部区９个（６.８２％）。结论　病变长度、浸润深度和病变部位是影响食管癌淋巴结转移的因素,病变越长,浸润越深,病变部位越低,淋巴结转移率越高;食管癌术后区域淋巴结转移主要分布在下颈区及上纵隔区,是术后放疗的重点。     

食管癌锁骨上淋巴结转移放射治疗的疗效和预后因素分析

目的:探讨食管癌锁骨上淋巴结转移放疗后的疗效和预后因素。方法:接受放射治疗的食管癌锁骨上淋巴结转移患者共64例,中位随访34个月(3~80个月)。其中食管癌治疗后锁骨上淋巴结转移33例,治疗时发现31例。所有锁骨上转移淋巴结患者均行常规分割放射治疗,总剂量为36~70Gy/5~7周,1·8~2·0Gy/d;其中单纯放疗组43例,放疗联合化疗组16例,放疗联合热疗5例。结果:在锁骨上淋巴结放射治疗结束时23例(35·9%)达CR;30例(46·9%)达PR。全组患者中位生存期13·5个月,最长随访时间80个月。1、3和5年生存率分别为56·3%、9·4%和3·1%。随访结束时37例(57·8%)患者死亡,无病生存患者15例(23·4%),7例患者带瘤生存(10·9%),5例失访。多因素分析显示,锁骨上转移淋巴结的直径(P=0·001)、单侧还是双侧(P=0·015)和转移的数目(P=0·042)对其放射治疗后能否达到CR差异有统计学意义;但对于生存率只有淋巴结的直径差异有统计学意义,P=0·010。结论:在食管癌治疗后发现锁骨上淋巴结转移的患者给予进一步的治疗仍能获得一定的治疗效果,采用综合治疗并未提高患者的长期生存率。     

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in clinically detected ductal carcinoma in situ

AIM: To study the indications for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in clinically-detected ductal carcinoma in situ (CD-DCIS). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 20 patients with an initial diagnosis of pure DCIS by an image-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) between June 2006 and June 2012 was conducted at King Faisal Specialist Hospital. The accuracy of performing SLNB in CD-DCIS, the rate of sentinel and non-sentinel nodal metastasis, and the histologic underestimation rate of invasive cancer at initial diagnosis were analyzed. The inclusion criteria were a preoperative diagnosis of pure DCIS with no evidence of invasion. We excluded any patient with evidence of microinvasion or invasion. There were two cases of mammographically detected DCIS and 18 cases of CD-DCIS. All our patients were diagnosed by an image-guided CNB except two patients who were diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA). All patients underwent breast surgery, SLNB, and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) if the SLN was positive. RESULTS: Twenty patients with an initial diagnosis of pure DCIS underwent SLNB, 2 of whom had an ALND. The mean age of the patients was 49.7 years (range, 35-70). Twelve patients (60%) were premenopausal and 8 (40%) were postmenopausal. CNB was the diagnostic procedure for 18 patients, and 2 who were diagnosed by FNA were excluded from the calculation of the underestimation rate. Two out of 20 had a positive SLNB and underwent an ALND and neither had additional non sentinel lymph node metastasis. Both the sentinel visualization rate and the intraoperative sentinel identification rate were 100%. The false negative rate was 0%. Only 2 patients had a positive SLNB (10%) and neither had additional metastasis following an ALND. After definitive surgery, 3 patients were upstaged to invasive ductal carcinoma (3/18 = 16.6%) and 3 other patients were upstaged to DCIS with microinvasion (3/18 = 16.6%). Therefore the histologic underestimation rate of invasive disease was 33%. CONCLUSION: SLNB in CD-DCIS is technically feasible and highly accurate. We recommend limiting SLNB to patients undergoing a mastectomy.     

食管癌锁骨上淋巴结转移放射治疗的疗效和预后因素分析

目的：探讨食管癌锁骨上淋巴结转移放疗后的疗效和预后因素。方法：接受放射治疗的食管癌锁骨上淋巴结转移患者共64例，中位随访34个月（3～80个月）。其中食管癌治疗后锁骨上淋巴结转移33例，治疗时发现31例。所有锁骨上转移淋巴结患者均行常规分割放射治疗，总剂量为36～70Gy／5～7周，1.8～2．0Gy／d；其中单纯放疗组43例，放疗联合化疗组16例，放疗联合热疗5例。结果：在锁骨上淋巴结放射治疗结束时23例（35．9％）达CR；30例（46．9％）达PR。全组患者中位生存期13．5个月，最长随访时间80个月。1、3和5年生存率分别为56．3％、9．4％和3．1％。随访结束时37例（57．8％）患者死亡，无病生存患者15例（23．4％），7例患者带瘤生存（10．9％），5例失访。多因素分析显示，锁骨上转移淋巴结的直径（P=0．001）、单侧还是双侧（P=0．015）和转移的数目（P=0．042）对其放射治疗后能否达到CR差异有统计学意义；但对于生存率只有淋巴结的直径差异有统计学意义，P=0．010。结论：在食管癌治疗后发现锁骨上淋巴结转移的患者给予进一步的治疗仍能获得一定的治疗效果，采用综合治疗并未提高患者的长期生存率。     

Lymph node metastasis from ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion.

BACKGROUND: Widespread use of mammography has increased the detection of ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (DCISM) in pathology specimens. Currently there is disagreement regarding the incidence of axillary metastasis from DCISM. The controversy centers on whether complete lymphadenectomy is indicated for axillary staging, given its morbidity and the reportedly minimal rate of axillary involvement in these patients. Intraoperative lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymphadenectomy (SLND) may obviate complete axillary lymph node dissection in selected breast carcinoma patients. In intraoperative lymphatic mapping, isosulfan blue dye is used to demonstrate the course of lymphatic flow from the breast tumor to the first draining or sentinel lymph node. This blue-stained lymph node is selectively excised for pathologic examination; its tumor status is used to predict the tumor status of the other axillary lymph nodes. The authors examined whether SLND would be suitable for staging DCISM. METHODS: From February 1992 to January 1997, 14 patients with DCISM underwent intraoperative lymphatic mapping and SLND at the John Wayne Cancer Institute in Santa Monica, California. Clinical and pathologic data were prospectively collected. RESULTS: Primary DCISM tumors ranged in size from 0.9 to 6.5 cm. Nine patients presented with mammographic abnormalities, two patients presented with Paget's disease and a palpable lesion, and three patients presented with palpable lesions. Two patients (14.3%) had tumor-involved sentinel lymph nodes. One of these patients had two sentinel lymph nodes, both of which contained single cancer cells identified by immunohistochemistry. The other patient had 1 sentinel lymph node, in which a 0.3-cm metastasis was revealed by light microscopy. Completion axillary dissection was performed on both patients and revealed no further tumor positive lymph node metastases. CONCLUSIONS: SLND can detect lymph node micrometastases (tumor deposits <2 mm) in patients with DCISM. The clinical relevance of these micrometastases is unknown, but their existence shows that DCISM can involve the lymph nodes.     

The role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in ductal carcinoma in situ

AIM: To review the role of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in the surgical management of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). METHODS: A search was conducted of Medline and the National Library of Medicine to identify key articles concerning DCIS, SLN biopsy (SLNB) and axillary dissection. Further relevant articles were obtained from the references cited in the literature. RESULTS: Up to 20% of patients with a core biopsy diagnosis of DCIS will be later up-staged based on an invasive component identified on the excision specimen. Quality assurance in breast screening programmes requires minimally invasive pre-operative diagnosis and also axillary sampling in the case of documented invasive disease. As an effective and validated procedure, SLNB represents a paradigm shift in the surgical management of the axilla for patients with invasive breast cancer. It remains undefined which, if any, subgroups of patients with DCIS should undergo SLNB. CONCLUSION: Axillary lymphadenectomy is an overtreatment for patients with DCIS. Performing a SLNB during the initial procedure may avoid a second operation in some DCIS patients who are diagnosed with occult invasive disease at their definitive operation. When predictors of hidden invasive disease are clarified by further study, SLNB may be used in the management of selected high-risk DCIS patients.     

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in the management of ductal carcinoma in situ

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been adopted by some physicians in the evaluation of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). In a review of the current literature, we found no convincing data that SLNB is warranted as standard of care in newly diagnosed DCIS. Although lymph node invasion is present in 2% of women with traditional axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), as a result of the excellent prognosis of DCIS, it is not recommended. However, the detailed evaluation of the lymph node(s) with SLNB raises the issue that perhaps patients at risk for recurrence can be identified early and be treated aggressively without the morbidity associated with ALND. Limited data suggest that, with the use of more sensitive methods for detection of cytokeratin-positive cells, the prevalence of positive lymph nodes in pure DCIS is approximately 2%-13%. In high-risk DCIS or DCIS with microinvasion, the prevalence is 8%-20%. Several limited retrospective studies with long-term follow-up have not demonstrated an adverse relapse-free or overall survival effect for women with immunohistochemically (IHC) positive cells in the lymph nodes compared with those with negative IHC results in the lymph nodes. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in DCIS is associated with known risks, and health care benefits, if any, have not been demonstrated. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is not recommended in patients with DCIS.