人参注射液合缺血预处理对家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的:观察人参注射液合缺血预处理对缺血再灌注家兔心肌的保护作用.方法:复制家兔心肌缺血再灌注模型,观察人参注射液、缺血预处理及人参注射液合缺血预处理对模型家兔心肌耗氧量和血浆中Na ,K -ATP酶含量的影响.结果:人参注射液、缺血预处理均能降低心肌耗氧量,升高血浆Na ,K -ATP酶含量,与单纯缺血再灌注组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而人参注射液合缺血预处理作用最显著(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论:人参注射液能加强缺血预处理对心肌的保护作用.     

三七总皂苷对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤保护作用及机制的实验研究

目的:探讨三七总皂苷注射液对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及机制.方法:40只Wistar大鼠被随机分为4组:假手术组、缺血再灌注损伤模型组、尼莫地平对照(Nim)组、三七总皂苷注射液处理组(PNS).建立大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注损伤模型,对脑水肿和脑梗死进行测量,并采用硫代巴比妥酸盐法测定MDA含量、邻苯三酚自氧化法测定SOD活性.结果:PNS组与模型组比较,脑组织含水量减少(P<0.01),脑梗死面积显著减小(P<0.05);SOD活力显著升高(P<0.05),MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05).结论:MDA是反映组织损伤程度的物质、SOD是体内重要的内源性保护物质,三七总皂苷注射液可降低缺血脑组织MDA的含量、增加SOD活性而发挥对脑的保护作用.     

丹参注射液对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤肾功能的影响

目的 探讨丹参注射液对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤时肾功能的影响.方法 取24 只Wistar 雄性大鼠随机分成丹参注射液组、缺血再灌组和假手术组.丹参注射液组注射丹参注射液(1g/kg)、缺血再灌组与假手术组均注射等量生理盐水,建立肾缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)模型.结扎右肾动脉,用无创动脉夹夹闭左肾动脉缺血45min,于缺血30min后给药或生理盐水,再灌注后6 h采血测血清中尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(CREA)含量.结果 缺血再灌注6 h后,与假手术组比较,缺血再灌组BUN、CREA均显著升高(P<0.01);与缺血再灌注组比较,丹参注射液组BUN、CREA均降低(P<0.05).结论 丹参注射液对肾脏缺血再灌注损伤的肾功能有保护作用.     

红花注射液对家兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤后血清白细胞介素-8的影响

目的观察红花注射液对家兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤后血清白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平的影响,并探讨其脊髓保护的作用机制。方法 24只家兔随机分成空白对照组(C组)、缺血/再灌注损伤组(I/R组)和红花注射液组(S组),分别在缺血前30 min,缺血30 min,再灌注4、8、12 h取动脉血,测定血清IL-8浓度,实验结束取L2～5段脊髓组织观察神经细胞病理学变化。结果脊髓缺血/再灌注损伤期间,再灌注的不同时间点I/R组血清IL-8浓度均显著高于S组(P<0.05,P<0.01),神经细胞发生异常改变;不同时间点S组血清IL-8表达水平明显低于I/R组(P<0.05,P<0.01),神经细胞异常改变较I/R组明显减轻。结论红花注射液对脊髓缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用,显著降低再灌注期间IL-8的水平,这可能是其保护脊髓的重要机制。     

异丙酚对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用研究

目的通过检测临床剂量异丙酚对大鼠肠缺血再灌注后一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutas,SOD)、肠组织髓过氧化酶(myeloperoxidase,MPO)的变化的影响,探讨其在肠缺血再灌注损伤中的保护作用。方法制作肠缺血再灌注模型。测定血清中和肠组织中的NO、肠组织中MPO活性及外周红细胞SOD活性。结果异丙酚治疗组(Ⅲ组)肠组织和血清中NO明显降低(P<0.01),肠组织中的MPO显著降低(P<0.01)。缺血再灌注组(Ⅱ组)、Ⅲ组外周红细胞SOD活性明显低于假手术(Ⅰ组)(P<0.01),但Ⅲ组SOD活性明显高于增高于Ⅱ组(P<0.01)。结论异丙酚可显著降低肠缺血再灌注后NO和MPO水平,增加SOD活性,具有抗氧化作用,对肠缺血再灌注损伤模型有保护作用。     

二巯基丙磺酸钠对兔急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤血清ET-1的影响

目的研究兔急性心肌缺血-再灌损伤时血清内皮素-1(ET-1)水平变化及二巯基丙磺酸钠对其的影响。方法新西兰兔20只,随机分成两组:①缺血再灌注组;②二巯基丙磺酸钠保护组。两组分别于缺血前、再灌注后即时及再灌注后0.5h、1h、2h、4h、6h取静脉血。采用放射免疫法分别测定血清ET-1含量。结果缺血再灌注组血清ET-1水平在心肌缺血后明显升高(P<0.05),且于再灌注后1h达高峰(P<0.01),至再灌注后6h仍较缺血前高(P<0.05)。二巯基丙磺酸钠保护组血清ET-1水平于缺血及再灌注的各时间点较缺血前无显著性差异。结论兔急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤时ET-1水平反应性升高,二巯基丙磺酸钠可抑制其分泌而对心肌起保护作用。     

促红细胞生成素对心肌缺血再灌注后诱导型一氧化氮合酶蛋白的影响

目的:探讨促红细胞生成素对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注后诱导型一氧化氮合酶蛋白的影响及其对心肌保护作用与机制。方法:采用结扎左冠状动脉前降支30min,再灌注120min的方法,建立大鼠模型缺血再灌注损伤模型,将30只大鼠随机分为对照组、缺血再灌注组、治疗组(EPO 5000IU/kg)3组,每组10只,测定再灌注末血清和心肌组织磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)、丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的变化,应用免疫组织化学方法检测iNOS蛋白的表达,用TUNEL法检测心肌细胞凋亡的变化。结果:与正常对照组相比,缺血再灌注组细胞上清液中LDH、MDA含量明显升高(P<0.01),SOD活力则显著降低(P<0.01),缺血组再灌注组凋亡率均升高明显(P<0.01)。治疗组的LDH、MDA显著低于对照组和缺血再灌注组(P<0.01),SOD则高于对照组和缺血再灌注组(P<0.01),缺血再灌注后细胞凋亡率与对照组相比均明显升高(P<0.01),治疗组再灌组的凋亡率与对照组相比均显著下降(P<0.01)。对照组有少量iNOS表达,缺血再灌注组iNOS表达升高(P<0.01)而EPO治疗组表达减少(P<0.01),与缺血再灌注组相比差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:EPO抑制iNOS蛋白的表达以减少心肌细胞凋亡,减轻大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤,从而对心肌有保护作用。     

百令胶囊对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的:观察百令胶囊对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法:采用夹闭大鼠双侧肾动脉45min后再灌注45min的方法,建立大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的动物模型。测定血清内源性超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、血清肌酐(Cr)和尿素氮(BUN),并以此评价百令胶囊对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的影响。结果:百令胶囊组MDA值显著降低(P<0.05),血清SOD含量升高,血清肌酐及尿素氮含量较模型组明显降低,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:百令胶囊可以减轻肾小管细胞的损伤,对急性肾缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用,其作用机制可能为清除自由基抑制脂质过氧化而改善肾功能。     

Lipo-PGEl注射液对无心跳兔肺缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的 研究Lipo-PGEl注射液对无心跳兔肺缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制.方法 将16只健康新西兰大白兔随机分为两组,各8只,肝素化后处死,2 h后对照组以LPD液灌注及保存,实验组将Lipo-PGEl注射液(20μg·L-1)加入LPD液灌注及保存.两组在4℃保存2 h后再灌注1 h,测定经肺氧合后动脉血氧分压(PaO2)和肺气道峰压(PawP).于再灌注结束后取右上肺组织,测其湿质量(W)与干质量(D),计算湿干质量比(W/D),ELISA法检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量,免疫组化法检测核因子-kBI(NF-kB)的表达,并用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察再灌注后肺组织结构的病理变化.结果 再灌注30 min后,两组的PaO2逐渐降低、PawP逐渐升高,实验组PaO2降低程度及PawP的升高程度均低于对照组(P<0.01);实验组的SOD含量明显高于对照组(P<0.01),MDA含量及肺组织NF-kB的表达低于对照组(P<0.01),肺组织的病理变化较对照组轻.结论 Lipo-PGEl注射液能减轻无心跳兔肺缺血再灌注损伤,改善肺功能,具有肺保护功能.     

黄芪对大鼠缺血再灌注肾组织一氧化氮及超氧化物歧化酶的影响

目的探讨黄芪对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的部分保护作用及机制.方法实验大鼠分正常组,模型组(缺血再灌注组)和黄芪组.分别在缺血1h、再灌注1h及24h检测肾组织一氧化氮(NO)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的变化.结果与正常组比较,模型组NO含量在再灌注1h显著下降(P<0.05)、24h显著升高(P<0.01);黄芪组NO含量在缺血1h和再灌注1h均显著下降(P<0.01),再灌注24h则差别无显著性意义(P>0.05).模型组和黄芪组各时间点SOD活力均下降,显著低于正常组(P<0.05),但黄芪组均显著高于模型组(P<0.05).结论急性肾缺血再灌注过程中,黄芪可能通过减轻NO含量过低或过高的变化及减少氧自由基积聚造成的损伤而具有保护肾脏的作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.