脑损伤后认知功能康复研究评述

目的:探寻脑损伤后认知功能障碍有效的康复治疗方法.方法:对大脑高级功能工作原理的最新研究、大脑损伤后认知障碍的特点、近年来各种认知障碍康复治疗方法疗效的文献报道进行检索.结果与结论:随着FMRI与PET的应用,脑损伤后认知功能的康复机理逐渐清晰,大脑高级功能的网络观及网络分析技术将在认知康复中占据越来越重要的位置及应用前景,传统康复治疗结合电脑辅助技术将成最佳模式.     

“十一五”期间我国中医外科学研究热点分析

以中国学术文献网络出版总库2006-2010年间的329篇中医外科文献为分析对象,基于文献聚类及高频关键词的社会网络分析方法,对文献主题及相关主题词进行系统分析,揭示"十一五"期间中医外科在教学、临床等方面的研究热点与主题分布。     

动物认知实验研究对灾难心理护理的启示

目的通过对动物认知实验研究现状的分析,阐述动物认知相关实验作为灾难心理护理实践基础研究的重要性和必要性。方法采用文献分析法了解动物认知实验研究现状。结果我国的动物认知实验主要集中于药物、针灸、训练对动物认知的影响及动物应激后行为反应等方面。结论进行动物认知-灾难后认知-心理护理干预实验研究,将对灾难心理护理实践有积极的基础参考作用。     

我国中医翻译领域的研究现状、热点及展望 ——基于共词分析的可视化研究

目的 明确我国中医翻译领域的研究现状、热点分布及各主题发展态势.方法 以中国知识资源总库(CNKI)为数据来源,检索建库至2019年12月31日发表的中医翻译研究文献,通过文献计量学中的共词分析法,以可视化的方式,从发文情况、高频关键词、社会网络、关键词聚类及战略坐标角度对文献进行分析.结果 共纳入文献1422篇,最早...     

中专生网络成瘾的原因分析及对策干预

主要对中专生网络成瘾的发生率及原因进行分析并提出干预对策.根据文献[1~3]调查表明,国内大、中学生网络成瘾发生率为10%左右.中专生则高达15%.成瘾者以男性居多.网络成瘾的原因主要为:(1)网络能满足中专生的某些心理需求;(2)中专生网络成瘾有一定的易感性;(3)家庭因素影响.网络成瘾的对策与干预:(1)正面引导与社会支持;(2)心理咨询与辅导;(3)行为干预;(4)耳穴药物贴压.     

大学生网络成瘾倾向与三维人格的相关因素分析

网络成瘾（Internet Addiction Disorder, IAD）倾向已成为大学生潜在的精神卫生问题.网络成瘾主要表现为过度使用互联网而导致个体明显的社会、心理功能损害[3-5].本研究以四川大学在校学生为被试,进行问卷调查,试图对大学生网络成瘾现象及原因进行初步探索.     

大庆市大学生网络成瘾预测因素的优势分析

目的 探索大庆市大学生网络成瘾预测因素的相对贡献,为网络成瘾的针对性干预提供依据.方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取大庆市4所高校787名大学生为研究对象进行问卷调查,通过分层回归分析和优势分析的方法探讨生活事件等预测因素对网络成瘾的相对贡献.结果 在本文主要研究变量中,网络成瘾的最佳预测指标为生活事件、交往焦虑、抑郁和消极应对,其中生活事件对网络成瘾的预测力最强.结论 生活事件、情绪因素、应对方式和社会支持等因素对大学生网络成瘾的预测作用各不相同,应根据大学生网络成瘾的具体原因,采取有针对性的干预措施.     

高血压动物模型存在的问题及思考

目的:探讨现有高血压模型的造模方法、模型特点、血压升高机制及存在问题,提出新高血压模型研究的思路.方法:分析相关文献并结合研究者的实践,对现有高血压模型特点进行归纳总结.结果:现有高血压模型各有特点,高血压模型有进一步完善的必要.结论:提出建立与临床高血压更接近的联合动物模型、模拟病因模型等新思路.     

高血压动物模型存在的问题及思考

目的:探讨现有高血压模型的造模方法、模型特点、血压升高机制及存在问题,提出新高血压模型研究的思路.方法:分析相关文献并结合研究者的实践,对现有高血压模型特点进行归纳总结.结果:现有高血压模型各有特点,高血压模型有进一步完善的必要.结论:提出建立与临床高血压更接近的联合动物模型、模拟病因模型等新思路.     

结直肠癌筛查依从性影响因素定性研究的系统评价

目的 系统收集影响结直肠癌筛查依从性的因素,了解筛查障碍的原因,为增强依从性提供理论基础.方法 计算机检索Pubmed、EMbase、CBM、CNKI、VIP等数据库,手工检索相关文献,纳入影响结直肠癌筛查依从性的定性研究文献.阅读和评价后,采用荟萃分析方法对研究结果进行合并.结果 共纳入15项研究,分析结果提示:患者缺乏癌症及筛查相关知识、筛查费用、筛查尴尬心理、害怕筛查并发症或不适性、筛查执行障碍、缺乏医患沟通、缺乏症状和筛查意识等是引起依从性降低的重要因素和原因.结论 增强患者认知、改善医患沟通和减少筛查费用,将有利于改善患者筛查依从性,提高筛查效能.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.