心电图和X线对肺源性心脏病诊断价值的比较分析

目的 探讨心电图和X线对慢性肺源性心脏病的诊断价值.方法 以临床病史及彩色多普勒超声心动图为诊断标准,通过对100例慢性肺源性心脏病患者ECG和X线的对比研究,比较心电图、X线及两者结合对慢性肺源性心脏病的检出率.结果 X线对慢性肺源性心脏病诊断的检出率高于心电图(P<0.05),亚组分析考虑与慢性肺源性心脏病合并冠心病等心肺疾病掩盖了ECG的结果 相关.心电图和X线两者结合能提高肺源性心脏病的检出率(64%).结论 临床诊断慢性肺源性心脏病需结合临床病史、心电图和X线,并参考彩色多普勒超声心动图、心电向量图、肺阻抗血流图、动脉血气分析、肺功能等其它检查结果 综合分析.     

超声心动图联合心电向量图在诊断肺源性心脏病右心室肥大中的应用

目的:探讨超声心动图联合心电向量图在诊断肺源性心脏病右心室肥大中的应用。方法:选取2018年1月-2019年1月本院收治的疑似慢性肺源性心脏病患者198例,分别进行超声心动图、心电向量图检查。以心导管检查或CT的检查结果为金标准,比较超声心动图、心电向量图及两者联合检查诊断肺源性心脏病右心室肥大患者的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。结果:超声心动图诊断慢性肺源性心脏病右心室肥大的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为75.8%、75.7%、85.1%、63.1%。心电向量图诊断慢性肺源性心脏病右心室肥大的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为64.8%、81.4%、86.5%、55.9%。心电向量图与超声心动图联合检测的灵敏度高于心电向量图、超声心动图单独检测,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:超声心动图联合心电向量图能够更加准确诊断肺源性心脏病右心室肥大,具有临床诊断价值。     

心电向量图,心电图,肺功能对肺心病诊断价值的初步探讨

<正> 我们自1977年12月至1982年9月对肺心病患者作了心电向量图观察。部分患者同时做了心电图及肺功能检查。通过资料的对比分析,以评价心电向量图、心电图、肺功能对肺心病的诊断价值,并对1980年“慢性肺原性心脏病心电向量图诊断标准”、1977年“慢性肺原性心脏病心电图诊断标准”加以评价。     

肺支气管病变心电图胸导联R波递增不良患者心电向量图分析

目的探讨肺支气管病变心电图胸导联R波递增不良患者心电向量图检查额面、横面、右侧面QRS环振幅、方位变化,为临床诊断提供参考。方法选取2016年8月至2017年8月我院住院符合肺结核等肺支气管病变诊断标准的107例患者,行对心电图、心电向量图检查,分析检查结果。结果 107例肺支气管病变且R波递增不良患者通过心电向量图发现超过60%的患者符合右室肥大诊断特征(横面QRS环向前及向右的向量>总面积的70%为68例,横面QRS环位于右后向量>总面积20%为72例,额面QRS环位于右下的向量>总面积20%为72例),而R波递增正常者仅有20%以下符合右室肥大诊断标准(横面QRS环向前及向右的向量>总面积的70%为3例,横面QRS环位于右后向量>总面积20%为4例,额面QRS环位于右下的向量>总面积20%为4例)。107例肺支气管病变患者共有40例患者符合右室肥大心电图诊断特征,而72例符合心电向量图诊断特征。与心电图相比,心电向量图检出率更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肺支气管病变心电图胸导联R波递增不良患者心电向量图检查额面、横面、右侧面QRS环振幅、方位发生明显变化,提示心电向量对肺支气管病变患者右室肥大有诊断价值。     

心电向量图对矽肺肺心病轻度右心室肥大的诊断价值

本文通过145例矽肺患者的心电图和心电向量图对比分析,证实心电向量图对矽肺并发慢性肺原性心脏病的早期诊断率明显高于心电图。并着重观察心电图正常而心电向量图符合肺心病诊断标准的心电向量图特点,结果以 S 向量角>-110°且>0.6mv 为最敏感,H 面右后面积>20%伴 F 面右下面积>20%总面积较为敏感。提示以上两项为肺心病早期诊断的敏感指标。此外,本文还讨论了心电向量图对肺心病的早期诊断优于心电图的可能原因及 S 向量增大的病理基础。     

心电向量图对早期慢性肺原性心脏病诊断的探讨

慢性肺原性心脏病的早期诊断是一个急待解决的问题。心电向量图是一种无损伤性的检查方法,它对肺心病的诊断,较之心电图有更大帮助。我们于1973年至1974年间,对48例临床上有明显肺气肿而考虑是否并发早期肺心病的患者,进行了心电向量图检查。我们希望通过对比分析,能进一步确定心电向量图对早期慢性肺原性心脏病的诊断价值及其诊断标准。检查对象 48例患者均为男性,年龄在42至71岁之间。全部病例均有长期咳喘史(大多在10年以上),均有不同程度的肺气肿体征,但临床上并未出现心功能不全的现象。     

心电向量图在顺钟向转位心电图中鉴别诊断右心室肥大的价值

目的:探讨心电向量图在顺钟向转位心电图中鉴别诊断右心室肥大的价值。方法:对120例常规12导联心电图诊断为顺钟向转位的心电图再进行心电向量图的检查,同时经心脏超声心动图确诊右心室肥大结果进行统计分析。结果:心电图在顺钟向转位的心电图中诊断右心室肥大准确率较低与心电向量图在符合诊断结果上差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:心电向量图弥补了心电图诊断上的不足,在顺钟向转位心电图提高了右心室肥大的诊断准确性,其价值优于常规12导心电图。     

慢性肺心病心电向量图诊断综合报告

1980年10月份召开了全国第三次肺心病专业会议。本次会议收到有关慢性肺心病的心电向量图的论文15篇。论文内容不但对1977年制定的《慢性肺心病心电向量图诊断标准试行方案》作了评价及补充,而且对肺心病向量图产生机理及其临床意义作了较深入的探讨,共观察肺心病人向量图1,303例,结果一致表明在肺心病诊断中,向量图有较高的敏感性,阳性率可达80～95％左右,而心电图诊断阳性率仅38％,显然向量图优于心电图。     

肺源性心脏病的诊断与鉴别诊断

目的 讨论肺源性心脏病的诊断与鉴别诊断.方法 根据患者的临床表现与辅助检查结果结合病史进行综合诊断并进行鉴别.结论 患者有慢性肺、胸疾病或肺血管病史,如出现脉动脉高压、右心室肥大、右心功能不全,并有心电图、X线改变,再参考心电向量图、超声心动图、肺阻抗图、肺功能检查等,即可诊断.     

心电向量图对心肌梗死的临床诊断价值研究

目的探讨心电向量图对心肌梗死的临床诊断价值。方法选取2016年6月至2018年6月我院收治的39例心肌梗死患者,分别对其进行心电图和心电向量图进行诊断,观察心电图及心电向量图阳性诊断率及检测结果准确率。结果心电向量图阳性诊断率及检测结果准确率均高于心电图,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论心电向量图对心肌梗死进行诊断阳性检出率和准确度高,值得临床广泛应用及推广。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.