冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者脂代谢和冠状动脉病变特点

目的 探讨冠心病合并2型糖尿病(DM)患者脂代谢异常与冠状动脉病变特点. 方法 将538例经冠脉造影诊断冠心病的患者分为糖尿病组和非糖尿病(NDM)组,对比分析两组血脂及冠脉病变特点. 结果 冠心病合并DM组与NDM组比较,年龄、性别差异无显著性( P>0.05).DM组血脂水平TG、LDL-C较NDM组明显升高( P<0.05),HDL-C水平较NDM组明显下降(P<0.05).冠心病 合并DM组患者冠脉三支病变、弥漫性病变较NDM组明显增多( P<0.05) 结论 合并DM的冠心病患者与不合并DM的冠心病患者血脂代谢及冠状动脉病变有显著差异,前者脂代谢异常明显,多支病变及弥漫性病变发生率高.     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者临床表现及冠状动脉病变特点分析

目的探讨冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者的临床表现及冠状动脉病变特点。方法将入选的480例冠心病患者分为糖尿病组(DM组)和非糖尿病组(NDM组),统计分析2组患者的危险因素、临床表现、并发症及冠状动脉病变特点。结果(1)危险因素比较:2组患者性别、高血压病史、TC、LDL-C、阳性家族史等比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),DM组肥胖患者比例及TG水平均高于NDM组,吸烟患者少于NDM组(P<0.05)。(2)临床表现比较:2组患者典型胸痛症状比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),DM组患者心肌梗死、心律失常、心力衰竭及心源性休克等并发症均多于NDM组(P<0.05)。(3)冠状动脉造影结果:2组患者LAD、LCX、RCA分布方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),DM组患者LM、三支及弥漫性血管病变方面多于NDM组(P<0.05)。(4)2组冠状动脉狭窄程度积分比较,1分、2分比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),3分、4分、5分比例差异显著(P<0.05)。结论冠心病合并糖尿病患者心肌梗死发病率高,临床并发症多,冠状动脉病变弥漫且狭窄程度严重,累及左主干较多。临床积极早期干预血糖有利于冠心病的防治。     

老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉造影特点分析

目的 通过冠状动脉造影,观察老年冠心病(CAD)合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者与无糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变程度的差异.方法 分析2003年3月至2009年7月通过冠状动脉造影确诊CAD的487例老年患者,其中合并T2DM患者(DM组)212例、无T2DM患者(NDM组)275例,比较两组冠状动脉造影结果.结果 DM组冠状动脉狭窄程度、狭窄支数、狭窄长度明显高于NDM组,完全闭塞及弥漫性病变12例(5.7%) vs 16例(7.5%),P<.05,比例显著高于NDM组7例(2.5%)vs 6例(2.2%),P<.05.结论 老年CAD合并T2DM患者,冠状动脉病变程度更重,完全闭塞、弥漫性病变较无T2DM冠心病患者更多见.     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉造影特点及PCI预后分析

目的分析冠心病合并2型糖尿病的冠脉造影结果,观察经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的临床疗效。方法比较40例冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者与82例无糖尿病患者的冠脉造影结果,并比较两组患者冠脉介入治疗的疗效。结果①DM组冠状动脉病变Gens㈨积分明显高于NDM组,多支病变比例显著高于NDM组（P〈0.05）。弥漫及复杂病变比例显著高于NDM组（P〈0.01）.②随访6～56个月,DM组支架内再狭窄和再次血运重建比例均显著高于后者（P〈0.05）,主要临床心血管事件、总病死率差异无统计学意义。结论2型糖尿病加重冠状动脉病变程度．冠状动脉病变以多支、弥漫性病变多见。冠状动脉介入术后冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者远期预后相对理想,但是支架内再狭窄率和再次血运重建率高。     

糖尿病并急性心肌梗死患者心脏超声和冠状动脉造影特点研究

目的:了解糖尿病(DM)合并急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者心脏超声和冠状动脉病变的特征。方法:我科2001年7月至2004年12月收治的32例空腹血糖≥7.0mmol/L的AMI患者(DM组),同期选择与之性别、年龄(±3岁)、吸烟、高血压和心肌梗死部位相匹配的糖耐量正常的43例作为对照的AMI患者(NDM组),比较两组患者心脏超声结果和冠状动脉造影特点。结果:(1)空腹血糖和甘油三酯浓度DM组较NDM组高(p均<0.01);而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇DM组较NDM组低(p<0.01)。(2)DM组LA大于NDM组(p<0.01),DM组E峰、A峰和E/A均小于NDM组(p均<0.01)。(3)DM组较NDM组冠状动脉单支病变发生率低(p<0.05);而多支病变和弥漫性病变的发生率高(p<0.05);(4)无论DM组患者还是NDM组患者,三支病变的患者舒张功能最低。结论:(1)伴有DM的AMI患者冠状动脉病变范围广泛,DM患者发生AMI是多因素协同作用的结果;(2)伴有DM的AMI患者舒张功能明显异常。     

合并2型糖尿病的冠心病患者临床心电图及冠状动脉病变特征分析

目的探讨合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)的冠心病(CHD)患者的临床心电图及冠状动脉病变特征。方法86例经冠脉造影证实为CHD的患者,按有无合并T2DM分为CHD合并T2DM组(DM组,40例)及单纯CHD组(NDM组,46例),对两组的临床,心电图及冠脉病变特点进行分析及比较。结果DM组高血压、血脂异常、无痛性心肌缺血、左心衰竭及住院患者病死率显著高于NDM组(P<0．01或P<0．05),室性心律失常发生率、心率变异性(HRV)及Q-T间期离散度(Q-Tcd)与NDM组间差异有统计学意义(P< 0.01),DM组冠脉左主干、三支病变及弥漫性病变多见,侧支循环开放率低于NDM组(P<0．01或P<0．05)。结论糖尿病与冠心病的关系密切。糖尿病的早期诊断与治疗以及重视糖尿病心血管并发症的预防,对提高冠心病患者的生存质量、改善其预后有重要意义。     

老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病的临床特点及冠状动脉造影分析

目的：探讨老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病的临床及冠状动脉造影特点。方法：对66例老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病病人（DM组）与130例未合并糖尿病的病人（NDM组）临床特点及冠状动脉造影结果进行比较。结果：1、DM组与NDM组相比，高血压及血脂异常的发生率明显增高，而冠心病的家族史及吸烟史两组间无差别。2、DM组的冠状动脉病变总记分明显高于NDM组，多支病变及弥漫性病变数目高于NDM组，单支病变数目低于NDM组。结论：老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病病人更易于合并多重危险因素，冠状动脉病变以多支、弥漫性病变多见。     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉造影特点的探讨

目的对比冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者与冠心病非糖尿病患者冠状动脉造影的特点。方法选择从2009年1月至2012年10月在江苏省丹阳市人民医院心内科行冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的2型糖尿病患者50例为观察组（DM组）,再随机抽取同时期我院经过冠状动脉造影明确为冠心病但不合并2型糖尿病的患者50例为对照组（NDM）,对患者的造影结果进行对比。结果与NDM组相比,DM组高血压、高血脂比例高于NDM组,EF值低于NDM组;DM组冠脉病变的多支病变、弥漫性病变比例高于NDM组,单支病变比例低于NDM组。结论 2型糖尿病能够使冠脉病变程度加重。     

糖尿病合并急性冠状动脉综合征患者冠状动脉病变的对比分析

目的:了解糖尿病(DM)合并急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者冠状动脉病变的特征。方法:冠心病监护病房收治的38例空腹血糖≥7.0mm o l/L的ACS患者(DM组),同期选择性别、年龄、吸烟、高血压、心脏肌钙蛋白和心肌梗死史相匹配的糖耐量正常的47例作为对照的ACS患者(NDM组),分别对两组进行冠状动脉造影分析及比较。结果:①DM组较NDM组血纤维蛋白原、空腹血糖、甘油三酯浓度高(P均<0.05);而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇DM组较NDM组低(P<0.05)。②DM组较NDM组冠状动脉单支病变发生率低(23.68%比44.68%,P<0.05);而多支病变的发生率高(44.73%比19.15%,P<0.05)。结论:DM并ACS患者的冠状动脉病变范围广泛,DM发生ACS是多因素协同的结果。     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉影像学特点及心功能的变化

目的观察冠心病(CHD)合并2型糖尿病(DM)患者冠状动脉病变影像学特点及心功能变化,为指导临床及改善预后提供依据。方法选择经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的病例122例分为两组,其中合并有2型糖尿病病例60例(合并DM组),无糖尿病病例62例(无DM组)。通过冠状动脉造影观察两组冠状动脉病变支数、冠状动脉病变程度及冠状动脉病变分支;应用彩色多普勒心脏超声观测左心房内径(LAD),左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、收缩末期内径(LVESD)及射血分数(LVEF)。对照分析两组患者冠状动脉造影病变情况及心功能变化。结果合并DM组与无DM组相比较,三支病变、重度狭窄及闭塞性血管病变率明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。而无DM组以单支血管病变为主,狭窄程度相对较轻。右冠状动脉、左主干病变合并DM组高于无DM组,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。无DM组左前降支病变比合并DM组有增高趋势,但两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。合并DM组较无DM组LVEDD有增大趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而LAD及LVESD明显增大,LVEF明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变的狭窄程度和多支病变比无糖尿病者明显严重,以右冠状动脉及左主干受累常见,且伴有心功能指标LAD、LVESD明显增大,LVEF降低。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.