肺癌与肺部感染患者自身抗体谱的特点比较

目的探讨肺癌、肺部感染患者血清抗核抗体（ANA）谱、类风湿因子（RF）的表现特点。方法采用免疫印迹法检测抗核抗体谱，免疫散射比浊法检测类风湿因子，对照分析90例肺癌患者（均经病理组织学或细胞学检查确诊）、100例肺部感染患者及36例健康人血清抗核抗体谱、类风湿因子的表现特点。结果肺癌患者ANA谱阳性率显著高于健康人群，60岁以上老年肺癌患者ANA谱阳性率显著高于同年龄段健康人群及肺部感染患者，同时，60岁以上老年肺癌患者ANA谱阳性率显著高于60岁以下肺癌患者。肺部感染患者ANA谱阳性率在各年龄组间无明显差异，虽然数据表明随年龄增大阳性率增高，但未取得统计学数据支持。RF阳性率各年龄段无明显差异，肺癌患者与肺部感染患者及健康人群相比，亦无明显差异。结论肺癌与抗核抗体谱有关，肺部感染无明显相关。     

79例SLE患者ANA、抗dsDNA抗体与ENA抗体谱分析

目的 分析探讨抗核抗体(ANA)、抗dsDNA抗体与ENA抗体谱检测在SLE诊断中的意义.方法 采用免疫印迹法检测ANA、抗dsDNA抗体与ENA抗体谱.结果 79例SLE患者ANA阳性率为94.9%,抗dsDNA抗体阳性率为37.9%,抗Sm抗体阳性率为35.4%,抗U1-nRNP抗体阳性率为41.8%,抗SS-A抗体阳性率为32.9%,抗SS-B抗体阳性率为20.3%,抗Scl-70抗体阳性率为2.6%.结论 多项自身抗体联合检测可提高SLE的诊断率,在SLE诊断、治疗及预后判断中有重要意义.     

11578例自身抗体检测结果及临床分析

目的 分析浙江省舟山海岛地区抗核抗体和抗核抗体谱阳性分布趋势,及其在就诊人群中的诊断价值.方法 分别用间接免疫荧光法（IIF）和线性免疫印迹法（LIA）检测抗核抗体.资料分布的比较采用x2检验.结果 抗核抗体（ANA）阳性患者总阳性率为16.3％ （1886/11578）,女性阳性率（20.6％,431/6955）高于男性（9.8％,5/4623）,差异有统计学意义（x2=236.7,P＜0.05）.21 ～40岁组阳性率（1.5％,38/2036）显著高于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义（x2=115.8,P＜0.05）.抗核抗体谱阳性患者2722例,阳性率为23.5％.抗核抗体谱中抗SS-A、抗Ro-52、抗着丝点抗体的阳性率最高,分别为31.7％、28.4％和8.3％.女性抗U1-nRNP、抗核糖体P蛋白、抗dsDNA等抗体的阳性率明显高于男性（P＜0.05）.不同年龄组的抗核抗体谱阳性率分析结果显示抗U1-nRNP、抗Sm、抗核糖体P蛋白等抗体的阳性率差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.263例不同自身免疫性疾病组中抗核抗体谱阳性率的分析显示RA、SLE、SS、MCTD、PBC组阳性率最高的自身抗体分别是抗Ro-52抗体、抗SS-A抗体、抗SS-B抗体、抗U1-nRNP抗体和抗M-2抗体.结论 舟山海岛地区就诊人群中自身免疫性疾病好发于中年女性,在临床检测中应采用多种自身抗体的联合检测,以提高自身免疫性疾病的诊断率.     

80例狼疮肾炎病人ANA荧光核型及抗核抗体谱分析

目的探讨抗核抗体（ANA）荧光核型及抗核抗体谱多肽谱对狼疮性肾炎（LN）诊断的有效指标。方法对80例LN组、78例系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）非LN组及104例非SLE组分别用间接荧光法（IIF—ANA）和线性免疫印迹法（uA—ANA）进行抗核抗体荧光核型、双链DNA及11项抗核抗体谱多肽谱分析。结果LN组抗核抗体阳性率（〉1：100）为100％（80／80）,LN组荧光核型均质型42．5％（34／80）显著高于非IN组21．79％（17／78）与对照组5．77％（6／104）,P〈0．05;LN组颗粒核型53．75％（43／80）明显低于非LN组73．08％（57／78）,P〈0．05。LN病例核均质型主要表现有抗Hi、Nud、dsDNA抗体,x2为8．26、23．05、26．39（e均〈0．05）。抗核抗体谱多肽谱分析,LJN组仅抗dsDNA抗体55．0I）％（44／80）高于非LN组23．08％（18／78）,差异有显著性,P〈0．C15。结论SLE伴狼疮性肾炎的病人ANA荧光核型主要表现为均质型,抗dsDNA抗体阳性率显著性增高,可视为预测狼疮性肾炎的有效指标。     

ANA检测在自身免疫性疾病中的应用评价

目的:探究抗核抗体(ANA)的检测以及抗核抗体谱(ANAs)线性分析对自身免疫性疾病诊断的指导意义。方法:回顾性分析在2012年4月至2013年4月434例就诊患者的血清的抗核抗体检查结果,其中自身免疫疾病180例,非自身免疫疾病254例。抗核抗体的检测用酶联免疫法,抗核抗体谱的检测用线性免疫分析法,所有患者都采用两种方法检测。结果:ANA、ANAs在自身免疫性疾病的阳性率显著高于非自身免疫性疾病,ANA检测与ANAs检测的阳性率在自身免疫性疾病与非自身免疫性疾病的对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在自身免疫性疾病中,ANA与ANAs两种方法的检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对怀疑自身免疫性疾病的患者,ANA与ANAs两种方法联合检测有更好的灵敏度,可提高检出率和可靠性,更有助于临床诊断。     

ANA、抗ENA抗体联合检测对自身免疫病诊断的意义

目的 探讨抗核抗体(ANA)和抗可提取性核抗原(ENA)多肽抗体谱检测对自身免疫病诊断的意义.方法 对285例各种自身免疫病患者和30例健康人血清采用间接免疫荧光法检测ANA,免疫印迹法检测ENA多肽抗体.结果 ANA在SLE患者中最高,阳性率为97.1%;抗SSA、抗SSB 抗Sm、抗dsDNA、抗NUC和抗ulRNP抗体在SLE中检出率分别为85.6%,75.3%,37.4%,90.8%,83.3%和77.6%;抗SSA、抗SSB和抗ulRNP在SS中检出率分别为84.8%,78.8%和69.7%;抗Jo-1抗体在PM/DM中检出率为52.6%;抗ulRNP抗体在MCTD中检出率为90.5%;抗Scl-70抗体在PSS中检出率为46.7%.结论 ANA和ENA抗体谱阳性分布有明显的倾向性,不同的自身免疫病患者血清所含自身抗体有差异,因此ANA和ENA抗体联合检测对自身免疫病具有诊断意义.     

125例自身免疫性疾病诊断中抗核抗体谱检测结果分析

目的分析自身免疫性疾病患者自身抗体系列检测结果,提高自身抗体检测在自身免疫性疾病诊断中的应用。方法分别应用间接免疫荧光法和欧盟印迹法检测125例自身免疫性疾病患者和20例健康人的ANA和抗核抗体谱。结果ANA在各种自身免疫性疾病中均有一定的阳性检出率,ANA在SLE中的检出率最高,阳性率为94.6%。其次为SS、MCTD和ITP。抗核抗体谱中的各种自身抗体在不同的自身免疫性疾病中有不同的敏感性和特异性。结论ANA有助于临床诊断,但缺乏特异性,只能作为自身免疫性疾病的过筛试验。抗核抗体谱检测对自身免疫性疾病的诊断有重要意义。     

抗核抗体谱和抗ds-DNA抗体检测与SLE疾病的相关分析

目的:探讨抗核抗体谱(ANA谱)各项阳性率和抗ds-DNA抗体检测与系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)疾病的相互关系.方法:ANA谱采用免疫印迹法,同时用放射免疫法(RIA)检测抗ds-DNA抗体.结果:38例SLE血清样本中,抗nRNP、抗-Sm、抗-SSA、抗-SSB、抗-PCNA、抗-ds-DNA、抗-Neukleosmone(核小体)、抗-Histone(组蛋白)、抗-Rib-Prot(核糖体P蛋白)、抗-Ro52均有阳性,其中以抗-ds-DNA阳性率最高.结论:多种自身抗体和抗ds-DNA抗体联合检测对诊断和治疗SLE有一定意义,可互补诊断,为疾病的预后判断作参考.     

抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体对类风湿性关节炎诊断的临床应用

为了解类风湿关节炎(rheumataid arthritis,RA)患者血液中抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体、抗角蛋白抗体(AKA)、抗核抗体(ANA)在RA中的诊断价值,选择RA患者239例,其他自身免疫性疾病220例,健康对照组40例,用间接免疫荧光法测定AKA、ANA抗体;ELISA法测定抗CCP抗体.结果 RA组抗CCP抗体明显高于其他自身免疫性疾病组和健康对照组(P＜0.01),病例组AKA、ANA阳性率明显高于健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).抗CCP抗体、AKA及ANA对RA具有良好的特异性诊断价值.抗CCP抗体与AKA有相关性,但不完全重叠.抗CCP抗体可视为RA的血清学诊断指标.     

抗核抗体检测受试者核谱及核型特征分析

目的探讨不同人群抗核抗体(ANA)阳性检出率、核型、ANA谱阳性分布特征及其临床应用价值。方法收集331名受试者的ANA实验室结果,分析其阳性率、核型及ANA谱阳性分布特征。结果ANA阳性和高滴度检出率女性高于男性,检出率高峰出现在40~60岁人群。不同ANA核型阳性检出率女性均高于男性,不同年龄段的受试者核型以核颗粒型和胞浆颗粒型为主。男性除抗硬皮病70和抗史密斯阳性检出率略高于女性外,女性其他ANA谱阳性检出率均高于男性;女性ANA谱阳性检出率前三位为:抗SS A、抗着丝粒蛋白B和抗双链DNA抗体/抗SS B;不同年龄段ANA谱阳性抗体略有不同,主要以抗SS A和抗史密斯为主。ANA在自身免疫性疾病强直性脊柱炎、类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、干燥综合征中检出率分别为36.0%、60.3%、91.7%、100.0%,在感染和健康人群中为29.4%和14.6%;ANA谱方面,强直性脊柱炎、类风湿性关节炎、感染和健康人群未见特异性抗体;抗SS A、抗双链DNA抗体和抗核小体在系统性红斑狼疮中有较高阳性检出率,抗核糖核蛋白/抗史密斯、抗SS A、抗SS B和抗PM-Scl在干燥综合征中有较高阳性检出率。结论ANA核型及抗体谱在不同性别、年龄和疾病中有不同的表现,其中感染和健康人群有较高的阳性率,提示临床鉴别诊断时给予重视。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.