小型钢板固定治疗下颌骨多发性骨折

对３４例下颌骨多发性骨折采用小型钢板经口内进路按Ｃｈａｍｐｙ理想线固定，辅助短期颌间固定，本组病例术后经Ｘ线摄片检查和临床随诊观察，全部达到良好复位固定和Ⅰ期愈合，２例出现切口处软组织感染；未发现咬合错乱、骨折延迟愈合和手术造成神经或牙齿损伤等并发症。提示用小型钢板单层骨皮质固定治疗下颌骨多发性骨折，方法简便，效果可靠。     

小型钢板固定治疗下颌骨多发性骨折

对３４例下颌骨多发性骨折采用小型钢板经口内进路按Ｃｈａｍｐｙ理想线固定，辅助短期颌间固定，本组病例术后经Ｘ线摄片检查和临床随诊观察，全部达到良好复位固定和Ｉ期愈合，２例出现切口处软组织感染，未发现咬合错乱，骨折延迟愈合和手术造成神经或牙齿损伤等并发症。提示用小型钢板单层骨皮质固定治疗下颌骨多发性骨折，方法简便，效果可靠。     

下颌骨多发性骨折治疗的临床观察

目的：探讨下颌骨多发性骨折的临床特点及治疗措施。方法：对9例下颌骨多发性骨折病例,根据骨折类型采用切开复位坚强内固定术配合术前或术后颌间牵引治疗或仅行颌间牵引进行治疗。术后1个月、6个月、1年随访,拍摄曲面断层片或CT复查骨折复位愈合情况并检查咬合关系。结果：9例下颌骨多发性骨折病例切口均一期愈合,骨折复位,愈合良好,9例咬合关系恢复正常。结论：下颌骨多发性骨折根据骨折类型选择合理治疗方式,坚强内固定联合术后短期颌间牵引,对保持骨折复位愈合、咬合关系恢复具有重要作用。     

小型钛板内固定治疗下颌骨骨折

目的：评估小型钛板内固定治疗下颌骨骨折的临床疗效.方法：对52例下颌骨骨折的患者行切开复位术，使用小型钛板内固定，保留骨折线上的牙齿.结果：52例患者创口均Ⅰ期愈合，骨折愈合良好，51例恢复到术前咬合关系，有1例固定后出现咬合关系不良，经颌间牵引后恢复正常咬合关系，所有患者钛板均未取出.结论：小型钛板内固定具有良好的稳定性，缩短了颌间固定的时间，可早期恢复张口运动，对骨折线上牙齿可以保留，是一种较好的下颌骨骨折内固定方法。     

下颌骨多发性骨折67例临床分析

目的:探讨下颌骨多发性骨折的临床特点及治疗措施。方法:收集我科2000～2006年间住院治疗的下颌骨多发性骨折患者共67例,对其一般临床资料及治疗方法进行分析总结。结果:下颌骨多发性骨折患者男性多于女性,交通事故为第一损伤原因;伤口I期愈合、骨折对位良好、面型及功能恢复正常者64例,占95%。结论:下颌骨多发性骨折以颏正中合并髁状突、下颌角部发生较多,三维CT成像及坚固内固定技术在多发性骨折的诊断与治疗中起了较大的作用,选择合适的美学切口切开复位坚固内固定治疗效果可靠,优点明显。     

解剖型钢板微创治疗胫骨远段粉碎性骨折

目的探讨解剖型钢板经皮微创固定治疗胫骨远段粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法采用Ｘ线监视下间接闭合复位，经皮微创插入解剖钢板治疗胫骨远段粉碎性骨折25例。结果患者均获随访，时间6—24个月。所有伤口均一期愈合，骨折愈合时间12—26周，平均15．6周。按Johner—Wruhs评价法，优18例，良5例，中2例。无骨延迟愈合及骨不连，无感染及内固定失败等并发症发生。结论解剖型钢板经皮微创固定治疗胫骨远段粉碎性骨折，具有损伤小、感染风险低、骨折愈合快、骨延迟愈合及骨不连发生率低等优点，是一种较好的治疗方法。     

经皮微创锁定钢板治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的评价应用胫骨远端内侧解剖型锁定钢板经皮固定治疗胫骨下段粉碎性骨折的效果。方法对26例胫骨下段粉碎性骨折患者以胫骨远端内侧解剖型锁定钢板经皮固定治疗,以临床功能和X线检查评定治疗效果。结果全部患者均获随访,随访时间为11～35个月,平均19个月。骨折平均愈合时间为15．6周,按Tohner—wruhs评分,优17例,良6例,可3例,优良率88％。结论应用胫骨远端内侧解剖型锁定钢板经皮固定治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折,创伤小,固定可靠,有利于患者早期功能锻炼,疗效满意。     

微创经皮插入钢板内固定治疗胫腓骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的 探讨微创经皮插入钢板内固定治疗胫腓骨远端粉碎性骨折的疗效.方法 采用微创经皮插入钢板内固定治疗胫腓骨远端粉碎性骨折21例.经AO分型,43B型9例,43C型12例.结果 所有病例伤口均甲级愈合,无伤口裂开、坏死、感染等并发症.骨折端无延迟愈合,畸形愈合及不愈合.骨折临床愈合时间为16～20周,平均18周.根据Mazur踝关节功能评定标准:优16例,良3例,可2例,优良率为90.5%.结论 微创经皮插入钢板内固定是治疗胫腓骨远端粉碎性骨折的有效方法 .     

微型钢板内固定治疗多发跖骨骨折22例体会

目的探讨微型钢板内固定治疗多发跖骨骨折的效果。方法对22例多发跖骨骨折患者应用微型钢板切开复位内固定治疗并观察治疗效果及随访情况。结果本组1例开放性骨折骨折术后出现皮肤坏死,经对症处理后愈合,其余21例切口均Ⅰ期愈合,未发生切口感染和骨髓炎等并发症。本组骨折愈合时间12~18周,完全负重行走时间14~20周。患者均获8~20个月随访,均未发生内固定物松动和断裂。足部外形良好,无明显疼痛。依照美国足踝外科协会AOFAS中前足评分标准评价,优8例,良11例,可3例,优良率86.36%。术后3~6个月骨折愈合后可取出内固定,未发生再骨折。结论微型钢板内固定治疗多发跖骨骨折,内固定稳固,解剖复位满意,术后恢复优良率高。     

LISS钢板治疗高龄股骨粗隆间粉碎骨折的疗效观察

目的探讨应用内固定系统LISS钢板治疗高龄股骨粗隆间粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法2004年1月至2008年1月,我院采用LISS钢板治疗高龄股骨粗隆间粉碎性骨折36例。结果所有患者获得平均14个月随访（9-18个月）,切口一期甲级愈合,骨折全部愈合,X线复查骨折对位、对线良好,未发生感染,无内固定钢板、螺钉脱出、断裂等发生。结论LISS钢板系统可用于治疗高龄股骨粗隆间粉碎性骨折,具有操作简便、创伤小、疗效肯定等优点,能达到良好的骨折复位和坚强的固定,促进关节早期功能锻炼,骨折愈合率较高。     

Plate and screw fixation of selected condylar fractures of the mandible.

The majority of condylar fractures can be treated with closed reduction and intermaxillary fixation. In this study, we examine the use of open reduction with plate and screw fixation for the treatment of condylar fractures. Fourteen patients with 18 subcondylar fractures underwent open reduction and fixation using miniplates (12 patients) and lag screws (two patients). Thirteen patients and 16 condylar fractures had adequate follow-up for analysis of results. The follow-up period ranged from 7 to 46 months with a mean of 24 months. Bony union was obtained in all fractures with no permanent facial nerve injuries and good mandibular opening (average of 45 mm). We conclude that condylar fractures can be opened and fixed with plates and screws with good results without the use of intermaxillary fixation. This technique can be an effective approach for the treatment of selected condylar fractures.     

Monocortical non-compression miniplate osteosynthesis of mandibular angle fractures

The technique of monocortical non-compression miniplate fixation of mandibular angle fractures is reviewed. A study of our first 50 patients treated using this technique reveals that consistent reduction and stabilization of these mandibular fractures can be achieved without the requirement for intermaxillary fixation. Such results were produced with minimal postoperative morbidity.     

Rigid internal fixation vs. traditional techniques for the treatment of mandible fractures

Treatment results were compared between mandibular fractures repaired with vitallium miniplates versus intermaxillary fixation (IMF) and wire osteosynthesis in 79 patients treated over a 4-year period. The postoperative courses of 35 patients treated with 46 plates were compared to those of 44 individuals treated with traditional reduction techniques. The plated group contained nine complications (26%) versus ten (23%) in the non-plated group. This difference was not statistically significant, despite the presence of more severe fractures in the plated group. Major complications (nonunions, malocclusions) were noted in only three (8%) of the plated group; there were six complications (14%) in the non-plated group. We conclude that the plating of mandibular fractures incurs no greater overall risk of complications than traditional methods of fixation, and a lower risk of major complications, and that the advantages of plate fixation, including decreased time of intermaxillary fixation and cost effectiveness, make this the method of choice in complex mandibular fractures, even in a high-risk population.     

Internal fixation vs. conventional therapy in midface fractures

The purpose of this review is to evaluate internal fixation by means of AO miniplates compared to conventional therapy for the treatment of complicated midface fractures. A more precise division of midface fractures into functional units than that afforded by the Le Fort classification was employed to categorize the complexity of injury. The criteria of evaluation were ease of functional rehabilitation, incidence of complications, and results of surgery. The classification system was helpful in surgical planning and in subsequent analysis of results. Forty-nine of the 92 midface fractures treated by open repair between July 1980 and January 1986 were malar fractures, and 41 of these had associated orbital fractures. The remaining 43 had Le Fort II or more complicated midface fractures, only 15 of which could be adequately categorized by the Le Fort classification. Twenty-two of the 43 patients with complicated midface fractures were surgically treated with internal fixation utilizing 67 AO miniplates. The remaining 21 patients were treated with conventional therapy utilizing a combination of intermaxillary fixation (IMF), and/or interosseous wiring, and/or primary bone grafting. Among the problems encountered were a nonunion of the midface in a delayed repair of a severely comminuted midface fracture, which required secondary split rib grafting. Three plates were removed because of intraoral extrusion. There were no plate-related infections. One of the advantages of internal fixation is that the need for primary bone grafting and external fixation is eliminated. Another is that intermaxillary fixation is needed less frequently, allowing immediate access to the oral cavity for control of airway, care of intraoral wounds, and rapid return to normal alimentation with full mandibular function. Most patients with no associated GI problems tolerated a soft diet within 6 days. Tracheostomy tubes were removed within 3 days if no pulmonary failure was present. We can conclude that internal fixation provides excellent stabilization and repair of complicated midface injuries with minimal complications and rapid return to function for most patients.     

面中部多发性骨折治疗

目的总结颜面部中1／3多发性骨折的治疗经验。方法对53例面中1／3多发性骨折采用不同切口的骨折复位，微型钛板内固定来恢复咬（牙合）关系及面部外形。结果53例患者术后骨折线对位良好，咬（牙合）关系及张口度恢复良好，面中部无明显不对称。结论微型钛板坚固内固定辅助颌间固定是治疗面中1/3多发性骨折的有效方法。     

Fractures of the mandible

An overview of the various methods available for treatment of mandibular fractures is presented; these range from the application of arch bars and intermaxillary fixation alone to open reduction with compression plating. Whenever possible, particularly in young patients, mandibular fractures requiring open reduction are approached transorally.     

小型钛板坚强内固定术结合颌间牵引治疗下颌骨粉碎性骨折的研究

目的：小型钛板结合颌间牵引在治疗下颌骨粉碎性骨折中与单纯小型钛板坚强内固定术的效果比较分析。方法：下颌骨粉碎性骨折的80例患者中40例采用小型钛板坚强内固定术,40例患者采用小型钛板坚强内固定术配合颌间牵引。结果：40例小型钛板坚强内固定术结合颌间牵引在缩短手术时间,降低手术难度,骨折固位稳定性,咬合关系恢复,减少个别牙早接触等方面具有明显的改善。结论：小型钛板坚强内固定术配合颌间牵引效果优于单纯小型钛板坚强内固定术,疗效满意。     

Rigid internal fixation with miniplates and screws: a cost-effective technique for treating mandible fractures?

Traditional methods of fixation for stabilization of mandible fractures primarily center around intermaxillary fixation with or without open reduction. During the past decade, rigid internal fixation with miniplates and screws has attained widespread acceptance in the management of acute traumatic injuries to the mandible. With continuing emphasis on cost containment in health care delivery, plastic surgeons will be expected to justify their therapeutic methods as beneficial as well as cost-effective. This is particularly important when a number of acceptable procedures are readily available. The purpose of our investigation was retrospectively to compare treatment with intermaxillary fixation alone, interosseous wire osteosynthesis, and rigid internal fixation with miniplates and screws. We analyzed the hospital records of three such treatment groups, each consisting of 25 patients. Despite initial purchase costs, increased operating time, and the need to develop the skills required to apply the hardware, our study clearly demonstrated that miniplates and screws remain a cost-effective approach to caring for fractures of the mandible. Associated advantages include a quicker return to a preinjury life-style, decreased weight loss, improved oral hygiene and wound care, and protection of the airway, thereby eliminating monitored intensive care unit admissions.     

Noncompression unicortical miniplate osteosynthesis of mandibular fractures.

The use of transoral noncompression unicortical miniplates in treating 42 consecutive patients with 64 displaced mandibular fractures (excluding subcondylar) was reviewed. Titanium miniplates (Wurzburg) were used for fixation. The principles set forth by Champy and colleagues, with two plates for body and symphyseal fracture fixation and one plate superiorly along the oblique ridge for angle fractures, were performed. Intermaxillary fixation was not used postoperatively. Results compared favorably with other forms of treatment with no evidence of postoperative malocclusion, with an overall complication rate of 3%. The advantage of no external incision, avoidance of intermaxillary fixation, and normal postoperative incisal opening and occlusion make this technique our treatment of choice.