用正交试验探讨金银花煎煮条件对绿原酸含量的影响

采用正交试验,以浸膏得率的和绿原酸含量为考察指标,对金银花药材的煎煮条件进行优选,结果表明对药材过30目筛用20倍于生药重的水煎3次,每次15分钟的工艺条件为佳。     

金铁锁水煎浸膏对实验性类风湿关节痛镇痛作用的研究

 目的深入探讨金铁锁水煎浸膏对实验关节痛的镇痛作用,并阐述其作用机制.方法以福氏完全佐剂(Fre-und's complete adjuvant,FCA)作为实验性类风湿性关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,RA)疼痛模型为基础,采用金铁锁水煎浸膏(大、中、小剂量组),并设立空白对照组、模型组、中药阳性对照组和西药阳性对照组治疗,检测其痛阈、皮肤肿胀度和疼痛级别等的变化.结果金铁锁水煎浸膏对实验性RA关节痛具有显著的镇痛效应,金铁锁水煎浸膏明显提高痛阈、减轻皮肤的肿胀度,降低疼痛级别等.结论金铁锁具有明显的镇痛作用.     

正交实验法优化贞芪增免胶囊有效成分的提取工艺

目的以药材指标成分和出膏量为指标优选贞芪增免胶囊有效成分的提取工艺。方法以黄芪甲苷、阿魏酸为指标成分,采用正交实验法对贞芪增免胶囊有效成分的提取工艺进行优选。结果优选工艺为：黄芪等3味药材,采用回流法（8倍量70％乙醇,提取3次,每次1h）;当归等其它药材及醇提取后的药渣采用水煎煮法（10倍量水,提取3次,每次1h）。结论该工艺合理,有效成分提取率高。     

麻杏石甘汤半仿生提取法提取药材组合方式的优选

目的 选择麻杏石甘汤成分提取时药材最佳组合方式。方法 以盐酸麻黄碱、甘草次酸、氢氰酸、钙离子及干浸膏的含量等为指标进行综合判定。结果 提取工艺的综合评价值Y最大为26．0593。结论 以麻黄和石膏、甘草和苦杏仁分别合煎的提取工艺较好。     

黄芩中黄芩素的提取方法考察

目的 研究纤维素酶酶解生黄芩药材的最佳酶解条件和黄芩素的最佳提取工艺.方法 采用高效液相色谱法测定黄芩素含量,以提取率为指标,分别考察浸提倍数、加酶量、pH值、温度、时间对纤维素酶酶解反应的影响,采用正交实验对乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间进行考察,并分别考察乙醇用量和提取次数对黄芩素提取率的影响.结果 确定了纤维素酶酶...     

方药配伍对茵陈蒿汤中大黄酸提取率变化的影响

目的：探讨中药复方配伍化学成分相互作用的一般规律。方法：采用高效液相色谱法测定了茵陈蒿汤合煎液、大黄水煎液、大黄与栀子水煎液、大黄与茵陈水煎液等不同药物配伍情况下大黄酸溶出率，并对测定结果进行了统计检验。结果：合煎栀子后，结合型大黄酸溶出率略有提高，但统计学上无显性差异（P＞0．05）；合煎茵陈后，结合型大黄酸含量有较大提高（P＜0．01），全方水煎后，结合型大黄酸含量显提高（P＜0．001）,说明全方水煎更有利于结合型大黄酸溶出。结果：方药配伍对茵陈蒿汤中大黄酸溶出率变化有很大影响。     

舒通胶囊柚皮苷含量测定及制备工艺改进

目的建立舒通胶囊中柚皮苷含量测定方法,改进中药提取、纯化工艺。方法采用HPLC法测定柚皮苷含 量,以脱水浸膏得率和枳壳活性成分柚皮苷含量为判断指标,考察提取时间和纯化方法对指标成分的影响。结果柚皮苷在 50 -1500 ng范围内线性良好,平均加样回收率为99. 90 %,RSD为1. 71% ;中药提取以药材-水（1： 10）连续提取2次,每次 0.5 h制备,经纯化柚皮苷含量与固体比值最大,处方得率较为满意。结论以中药浸誉固体得率和有效成分含量测定方法综 合评价,改进舒通胶囊的制备工艺,试验设计科学合理’含量测定操作简便、结果准确,适用于本品工艺考察及质量控制。     

紫金砂化学成分研究（Ⅱ）

目的研究紫金砂的化学成分。方法药材采用80%乙醇提取,溶剂萃取,三氯甲烷提取部位浸膏应用硅胶柱,RP-C18反相柱,Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱分离纯化,并根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为石当归素（1）、3＇-O-乙酰基亥茅酚（2）、珊瑚菜素（3）、栓翅芹烯醇（4）、伞形花内酯（5）、佛手酚（6）、奥斯竹素（7）、divaricatol（8）、二氢山芹醇（9）。结论化合物5~9为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物6~8为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

醋青皮水煎浸膏HPLC特征图谱及5个黄酮成分的含量测定

目的 建立醋青皮水煎浸膏高效液相色谱(HPLC)特征图谱,同时测定其中5种黄酮成分含量.方法 采用YMC-Pack ODS-A(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈和0.5％醋酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱.柱温:30℃,流速:1.0 ml/min,进样量20μl.检测波长:280 nm(特征图谱)、283 ...     

老鹳草粗提物抑制大鼠巨噬细胞中一氧化氮发生的实验研究

 目的一氧化氮(NO)是一种炎症相关因子,通过测定老鹳草各提取成分抑制大鼠巨噬细胞中NO的发生量,确定老鹳草的抗炎活性成分.方法利用微板紫外比色法,体外测定老鹳草各浸膏对脂多糖(LPS)和γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)诱导RAW 264.7大鼠巨噬细胞系NO的发生量,计算抑制率.结果老鹳草的乙酸乙酯层浸膏和正丁醇层浸膏具有较强的抑制NO发生量的作用,其中以乙酸乙酯层浸膏的活性最强.结论此活性测定方法作为一种测定药物抗炎作用的体外筛选体系,具有简便、快速、易行的特点.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.