共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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背景与目的:口腔黏膜恶性黑色素瘤(oral mucosal melanoma,OMM)是一类高度恶性的实体肿瘤,其远处转移率约40%,其中肺是最常见的远处转移部位;本研究旨在探讨OMM肺转移特征及预后影响因素,以期找到肺转移OMM最佳的治疗模式。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月—2021年1月于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院确诊的肺转移OMM病例,总结胸部计算机体层成像(computed tomography,CT)的影像学特征,采用Kaplan-Meier方法进行生存分析。结果:88%的OMM患者在术后2年内确诊肺转移,其中第1年22例(52%),第2年15例(36%);71%的患者胸部CT表现为大小不一、多发、圆形或椭圆形结节,寡转移少见(10%);不按期随访(P = 0.009)、合并局部复发(P = 0.037)、合并胸腔积液(P = 0.042)以及未行免疫治疗(P = 0.000)会显著缩短患者的生存期。合并复发的患者对程序性死亡[蛋白]-1(programmed death-1,PD-1)免疫治疗的应答显著降低(P = 0.009),PD-1单药治疗的中位生存期只有10个月,联合抗血管靶向药物后中位生存期可延长至19个月(P=0.019)。结论: OMM易发生肺转移,即使小于1 cm的微小结节也可以发生转移灶。OMM转移最常发生在术后1~2年内,定期随访一定程度上能及早发现转移病灶从而延长患者的生存期。既复发又转移的OMM患者接受单纯免疫治疗往往效果欠佳,联合抗血管靶向治疗也许会有更好的治疗结局。 相似文献
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目的 探讨CD56,CD95(Fas),Ki-67,p53,bcl-2,HMB45和S-100在恶性黑色素瘤(恶黑)中的表达,以提高黏膜无色素性恶黑的病理诊断准确率,减少误诊和漏诊,并为临床估计预后、选择治疗方案提供客观指标。方法 应用组织芯片和免疫组化标记技术,对48例黏膜无色素性恶黑进行标记和分析。结果 HMB45与S-100的阳性率分别是100 %和85.4 %(41/48)。CD56的阳性率为91.6 %(44/48),在转移灶与原发灶中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CD95的阳性率为85.4 %(41/48),其中在11例有淋巴结转移的病例中,阳性率达100 %。Ki-67与p53阳性率分别为79.2 %(38/48)和58.3 %(28/48),Ki-67的阳性分布与CD95基本一致。bcl-2的阳性率为39.6 %(19/48)。p53和bcl-2在恶黑中的表达阳性率与CD95比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 CD56在恶黑中具有重要的辅助诊断价值;CD95(Fas)与Ki-67的表达对判断恶黑浸润范围及淋巴结转移状况和指导临床治疗有一定的意义。 相似文献
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背景与目的:2013年欧洲肿瘤学会官方杂志Radiotherapy & Oncology发表了新版头颈部肿瘤颈部淋巴结分区指南,对规范颈部淋巴结靶区的勾画有重要意义。该研究采用2013版颈部淋巴结分区指南,旨在探讨鼻咽癌颈部淋巴结转移规律,以及颈部淋巴结影像特征与预后的关系,为将来修订N分期提供依据。方法:回顾性分析本院2009年1月—2010年12月病理诊断明确的、初诊无远处转移、接受调强放射治疗的鼻咽癌患者656例。所有患者治疗前行鼻咽和颈部MRI扫描。回顾分析所有患者的MRI图像,并根据2013版颈部淋巴结分区指南进行重新分区,分析颈部淋巴结转移的影像学特征与预后的关系。结果:中位随访时间为46.9个月。4年无局部复发生存率为91.3%,4年无颈部复发生存率为95.1%,4年无远处转移生存率为87.7%,4年无病生存率为78.5%,4年总生存率为92.8%。最常见的颈部淋巴结转移分区为:Ⅱ区76.2%,Ⅶa区65.1%,其次为Ⅲ区(50.4%),Ⅴa(17.5%)和Ⅳa(11.7%)。淋巴结的跳跃转移率为1.0%。颈部淋巴结阳性的患者中,46.4%的患者有淋巴结坏死,74.4%的患者有包膜外侵犯。单因素分析显示,颈部淋巴结受累侧数、颈部淋巴结最大径≥6 cm、颈部淋巴结坏死、T分期和N分期都是影响无远处转移生存和无病生存的因素(P<0.05)。淋巴结包膜外侵犯有影响无远处转移生存率的趋势(P=0.060)。环状软骨下缘以下的颈部分区受累对无远处转移生存和无病生存无显著影响。多因素分析发现,T分期、淋巴结最大径是影响无远处转移生存的独立预后因素(P<0.05);T分期、淋巴结最大径和淋巴结坏死是影响无病生存的独立预后因素(P<0.05)。结论:该研究阐明了鼻咽癌颈部淋巴结转移规律,发现颈部淋巴结受累侧数、淋巴结最大径、淋巴结坏死是影响远处转移和无病生存的重要因素。下颈部受累对无远处转移生存和无病生存无显著影响。 相似文献
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目的 探讨预防性区域淋巴结清扫在恶性黑色素瘤治疗中的价值。方法 56例WHO临床分期Ⅰ期即区域淋巴结不能扪及的肢体恶性黑色素瘤随机分为清扫组和对照组,清扫组30例施行预防性区域淋巴结清扫,而对照组26例不进行预防性区域淋巴结清扫,两组均以至少2cm的边界对原发灶做广泛切除和术后应用相同方案的辅助治疗。用Kaplan Meier法统计清扫组和对照组的生存率,以Log rank检验比较两组的生存曲线。结果 全部病例获得11月~84月随访,中位随访期43.5月,清扫组和对照组5年生存率分别为64.79%和33.68%,清扫组生存率较对照组高,生存曲线Log Rank检验比较(P=0.0414)显示两组间差异有统计学意义。结论 预防性区域淋巴结清扫有助于提高WHO分期Ⅰ期的恶性黑色素瘤病例的生存率。 相似文献
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原发灶不明的颈部淋巴结转移癌的治疗 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
目的 探讨原发灶不明的颈部转移癌的治疗方式。方法 分析81例病例资料,采用治疗方法为手术(S)、手术加放疗(S R)、手术加化疗(S C)、单纯放疗(R)、放化疗(R C)。结果 (S)11例,(S R)18例,(S C)5例,(R)19例,(R C)28例。手术包括单侧颈清30例,双侧颈清2例,局部切除2例。放射治疗剂量为40Gv~75Gv。全组5年总生存率为59.26%。中上颈部转移者5年生存率65.7%,其中转移性低分化癌的治疗方式为以放疗为主的综合治疗;转移性鳞癌则以手术为主;转移性腺癌以手术为主,其中的乳头状腺癌采用甲状腺癌联合根治术式,其5年生存率分别为62.5%、71.43%、62.5%。锁骨上区转移癌以化疗及放疗为主,5年生存率为28.57%。转移灶的部位、N分期、综合治疗及放疗范围影响5年生存率。结论 对原发灶不明的颈部转移癌的治疗,应根据淋巴结转移的部位和病理类型决定。 相似文献
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乳腺癌颈部淋巴结转移的外科治疗 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
自1983年至1995年3月,我科共收治经病理证实的乳腺癌颈部淋巴结转移病人36例,其中18例在乳腺癌根治术同时行颈部淋巴结清除术,取得一定临床效果,现将结果介绍如下。 一般资料 36例病人全部为女性。最小年龄31岁,最大年龄59岁,平均年龄为45岁。乳腺癌根治术 相似文献
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Sun Shiran Huang Xiaodong Zhang Ye Zhang Shiping Wang Kai Qu Yuan Wu Runye Liu Qingfeng Chen Xuesong Xiao Jianping Luo Jingwei Xu Guozhen Gao Li Yi Junlin 《中华放射肿瘤学杂志》2010,29(10):837-841
Objective To investigate the patterns of regional lymphatic spread and the value of elective neck treatment (ENT) in oral mucosal melanoma (OMM). Methods In this retrospective analysis, 61 OMM patients with no distant metastasis treated in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between 1984 and 2016 were recruitred. The regional lymph node distribution of cN+ disease, the value of ENT in cN0 disease, the failure patterns and prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed. Results Overall, 55.7% of the patients were clinical/pathological cN+. The most frequently involved locations were the level Ⅰ b (76%), followed by level Ⅱ and level Ⅲ. For cN0 patients, the 5-year regional failure-free survival rate was 91.7% in patients who received at least ipsilateral level Ⅰ b-Ⅲ ENT and 52.4% in patients who did not receive at least ipsilateral level Ⅰ b-Ⅲ ENT (P=0.036). The regional failure rate was 6% for patients treated with at least ipsilateral leve Ⅰ b-Ⅲ ENT, while in their counterparts who did not receive at least ipsilateral level Ⅰ b-Ⅲ ENT was 46%(P=0.035). For the regional failure pattern, the most frequently failure sites were level Ⅰ b (93%), level Ⅱ(50%) and level Ⅲ(36%). Conclusions The cervical lymph node metastasis rate is relatively high in OMM patients. The pathway of regional LN spread follows a regular pattern. The most frequently involved regions for clinical/pathological cN+ and regional failure are both level Ⅰ b-Ⅲ. Elective treatment including at least ipsilateral level Ⅰ b-Ⅲ ENT should be recommended for OMM patients with cN0. 相似文献
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Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (HILP) with melphalan and more recently isolated limb infusion (ILI) with melphalan +/? dactinomycin are common treatment modalities for both in-transit melanoma of the extremity and advanced extremity sarcoma. In order to further optimize treatment, future research should focus on selection of appropriate patients, verification of a technique that produces consistent results while maintaining acceptable toxicity, and development of novel strategies and agents. Development of these novel agents and strategies has potential to not only improve the efficacy of regional chemotherapy but may also help guide future strategies for systemic treatment. 相似文献
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目的 探讨头颈部黏膜恶性黑色素瘤手术联合放疗的综合治疗模式的效果和失败模式,并分析影响预后的因素。方法 回顾分析1982-2017年收治的194例无远处转移的头颈部黏膜恶性黑色素瘤患者的病历资料。分析综合治疗模式的效果、失败模式及预后影响因素。结果 全组患者5年总生存、无局部复发生存、无区域复发生存和无远处转移生存率分别为41.4%、57.8%、76.5%和46.5%。194例患者中治疗失败141例,失败率为74.6%,其中首次失败为远处转移的患者占40%(56/141),首次失败为局部失败的患者占37%(52/141),首次失败为区域失败的患者占15%(21/141),同时合并远处转移和局部失败的患者占5%(7/141),同时合并局部失败和区域失败的患者占3%(5/141)。Cox多因素结果显示手术切缘和联合放疗是影响局部控制的独立预后因素(P=0.001、P=0.000)。结论 头颈部黏膜恶性黑色素瘤手术联合放疗的综合治疗模式可以获得较好的局部控制率,远处转移仍是其主要失败模式。 相似文献
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目的 探讨影响原发性口腔黏膜恶性黑色素瘤临床预后的相关因素。方法 收集2004年1月至2010年1月52例原发性口腔黏膜恶性黑色素瘤患者的临床病理资料,采用Kaplan-Meier法分析临床病理因素与预后的关系。结果 52例患者中,42例T3患者的平均生存时间为48.4个月,10例T4a患者为11.3个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);32例N0患者的平均生存时间为50.0个月,20例N1患者为29.8个月,差异有统计学意义(P=0.004);17例Ⅲ期患者的平均生存时间为55.9个月,35例Ⅳ期患者为34.8个月,差异有统计学意义(P=0.007);40例接受化疗的患者平均生存时间为47.8个月,而未接受化疗者为19.0个月,差异有统计学意义(P=0.01)。口腔黏膜恶性黑色素瘤的临床分期、化疗与否及综合治疗方案均与预后相关,而原发灶的处理方式、颈淋巴结清扫术与预后无关。结论 口腔黏膜恶性黑色素瘤治疗提倡综合序列治疗,化疗为主要的辅助治疗手段,可以延长患者的生存时间。 相似文献
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Approaches to regional lymph node metastasis in patients with head and neck mucosal melanoma 下载免费PDF全文
Moran Amit MD PhD Samantha Tam MD Ahmed S. Abdelmeguid MD Dianna B. Roberts PhD Shaan M. Raza MD Shirley Y. Su MBBS Michael E. Kupferman MD Franco DeMonte MD Ehab Y. Hanna MD 《Cancer》2018,124(3):514-520
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Temam S Mamelle G Marandas P Wibault P Avril MF Janot F Julieron M Schwaab G Luboinski B 《Cancer》2005,103(2):313-319
BACKGROUND: Primary head and neck mucosal melanoma (HNMM) has a poor prognosis with a low local control rate and frequent distant metastases. The objective of the current study was to determine the impact of postoperative radiotherapy on local control and survival. METHODS: One hundred forty-two patients with primary HNMM treated between 1979 and 1997 were reviewed. Of these, 69 patients with confirmed primary mucosal melanoma, absence of metastatic disease, and definitive management by surgery with or without postoperative radiotherapy and follow-up at the Institut Gustave-Roussy (Villejuif) were selected. The site of primary HNMM was sinonasal in 46 patients, oral in 19 patients, and pharyngolaryngeal in 4 patients. Twenty-two patients (32%) had a locally advanced tumor (T3-T4) and 17 patients had regional lymph node metastases after pathologic examination (pN > 0). Thirty patients underwent surgery alone and 39 received postoperative radiotherapy. Patients with locally advanced tumors had received postoperative radiotherapy more frequently than those with small tumors (P = 0.02). RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients (54%) experienced local disease recurrence and 47 patients (68%) developed distant metastasis. The overall survival rates were 47% at 2 years and 20% at 5 years. In the Cox multivariate analysis, patients with early T-classification tumors who received postoperative radiotherapy had a better local disease-free survival (P = 0.004 and P = 0.05, respectively) compared with patients with late T-classification tumors who did not receive postoperative radiotherapy. Patients with advanced T-classification and pN > 0 stage had a shorter distant metastasis disease-free survival compared with patients with early T-classification and pN < 0 stage. Patients with advanced T-classification tumors had a shorter overall survival compared with patients with early T-classification tumors (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of patients with HNMM was poor. Patients had a high rate of distant metastasis and a low rate of local control. The current study suggested that postoperative radiotherapy increased local control even for patients with small tumors. 相似文献