肺性脑病

症状性脑病源于多种病因,涉及各系统疾病,所以鉴别诊断就显得格外重要。只有确定诊断后“对症下药”,才能取得理想的疗效。本笔谈注重实用,望能对大家有所启迪。     

肺脑合剂治疗肺性脑病121例报告

1992年1月至2002年12月,我们用肺脑合剂治疗肺性脑病患者121例,疗效满意。现报告如下。     

变态反应性支气管肺曲菌病一例

正临床资料患者男,43岁,因"反复发作性喘息、咳嗽10月,加重2周"于2013年10月13日入院。患者入院前10月无明显诱因开始出现发作性喘息、气急,咳嗽、咳少量白色黏液痰,伴发热,体温为38℃左右,于2013年1月2日于当地医院行胸部CT示"右上肺见散在分布不规则斑片影,左上肺见片状阴影",考虑为"(1)两侧肺结核;(2)支气管哮喘"。给予"头     

侵袭性肺曲霉病

侵袭性肺曲霉病以烟曲菌为主要感染菌 ,主要发病于免疫缺陷患者 ,危害较大。该病临床表现无特异性 ,诊断困难 ,主要依靠组织病理和真菌培养 ,治疗首选二性霉素B ,同时给予辅助治疗 ,预后差 ,病死率极高 ,临床上应加强预防。     

家族性颈部肺疝

报告一个家族三代４人的颈部肺疵。经文献检索，家族性肺疝尚未见国内、外文献报道。本组４例男女各２人，肺恼发生于右颈部３例，左侧１例，Ｘ线及ＣＴ表现典型。３例患者作了染色体检查，其中２例并作了高分辨染色体分析，均未见异常改变。从家族系谱分析，作者认为本病为一常染色体显性遗传疾病，并提出了本病的命名。     

慢性肺源性心脏病护理

慢性肺源性心脏病简称肺心病,是指由胸廓或肺动脉的慢性病变引起的肺循环阻力增高,导致肺动脉高压和右心室肥大,伴或不伴有右心衰的一类疾病。功能代偿期主要表现为慢性咳嗽、咳痰或哮喘史,逐步出现乏力、呼吸困难;功能失代偿期主要表现呼吸衰竭、心力衰竭而出现缺氧、紫绀、心悸、胸闷,多见于急性呼吸道感染后[1]。重视对病人护理,对于延缓疾病的发展速度,提高生活质量具有重要意义。1临床资料本组24例为呼吸内科住院病人,符合文献[1]诊断标准。其中男性13例,女性11例;年龄最大88岁,最小40岁;有慢性阻塞性肺气肿20例,慢性支气管炎1例,老年…     

肺性脑病诊治分析

目的研究肺性脑病的发病原因、临床表现和治疗效果。方法对103例肺性脑病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果原发病为肺心病94例,占91.2%,胸部恶性肿瘤7例,占6.8%。结论 可见肺性脑病大部分是在肺心病的基础上因肺部感染导致缺氧和二氧化碳潴留所致,因而对肺心病患者尤应警惕,注意防止治疗措施不当诱发,加重肺脑,一旦有肺脑早期表现,应及早诊断,及早治疗。     

变态反应性支气管肺曲霉病研究进展

变态反应性支气管肺曲霉病(allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis,ABPA)与烟曲霉引起的变态反应相关,常发生在哮喘和肺囊性纤维化患者中.ABPA可引起血清总IgE水平升高,外周血嗜酸粒细胞增多,肺浸润和中心性支气管扩张,严重者可导致肺纤维化等肺组织的不可逆破坏.故ABPA的早期明确诊断和及时治疗十分重要.本文将对近年来ABPA的发病机制、临床分期、诊断标准、辅助检查及治疗研究新进展进行介绍.     

State of knowledge of helminth fauna of freshwater fishes of Poland

A total 89 fish and lamprey species has been recorded from Polish freshwater habitats. Twenty-seven of them (30.3%) have not been surveyed for parasitic helminthes. Some of the latter fishes are either rare or not easily accessible. Other live only in specific habitats in scattered localities. An important obstacle for studying parasite faunas of some fishes may be their status on an endangered species. Among the non-surveyed fishes, are those which have been relatively recently introduced to Poland or migrated there on their own. The present paper attempts to review all hitherto not studied helminthologically fish species, their habitats, localities and current protection status.     

Lack of correlation of degree of villous atrophy with severity of clinical presentation of coeliac disease

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Both the clinical presentation and the degree of mucosal damage in coeliac disease vary greatly. In view of conflicting information as to whether the mode of presentation correlates with the degree of villous atrophy, we reviewed a large cohort of patients with coeliac disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We correlated mode of presentation (classical, diarrhoea predominant or atypical/silent) with histology of duodenal biopsies and examined their trends over time. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 499 adults, mean age 44.1 years, 68% females. The majority had silent coeliac disease (56%) and total villous atrophy (65%). There was no correlation of mode of presentation with the degree of villous atrophy (p=0.25). Sixty-eight percent of females and 58% of males had a severe villous atrophy (p=0.052). There was a significant trend over time for a greater proportion of patients presenting as atypical/silent coeliac disease and having partial villous atrophy, though the majority still had total villous atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Among our patients the degree of villous atrophy in duodenal biopsies did not correlate with the mode of presentation, indicating that factors other than the degree of villous atrophy must account for diarrhoea in coeliac disease.     

高血压降压治疗目标的再认识

根据传统的高血压水平的定义,1993年WHO高血压治疗指南提出血压控制目标为<140/90mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133kPa),但是并非所有患者都必须将血压降至同一水平,而应根据患者情况进行个体化治疗。Framingham进行的一项长达10～12年的心血管事件研究发现,第5年后,正常上限血压[收缩压(SBP