Comparing Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients with Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis with and without Completion Axillary Lymph Node Dissection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Currently, the standard method for staging and treatment of axillary lymph nodes for early-stage breast cancer is sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), while axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is used in cases with palpable axillary lymph nodes or positive SLNB cases. The aim of this review was to compare overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and axillary recurrence in early-stage breast cancer patients underwent SLNB or SLNB and completion ALND. Methods: The databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched using the key words of “breast cancer”, “axillary lymph node dissection”, and “sentinel lymph node dissection”. In addition, other sources were searched for ongoing studies (i.e., clinicaltrials.gov). The clinical trials were evaluated based on the Jadad quality criteria, and cohort studies were evaluated according to the STROBE criteria. At the end of the search, the articles were screened independently by two reviewers to check their eligibility to be included in the study. Afterwards, the data were extracted independently by two researchers. Results: After searching the databases, 169 papers were retrieved. However, after removing the duplicates and studying the titles and abstracts of these papers, only ten ones underwent further investigation. After reading full-text of each article, four studies were finalized. Following a manual search, 27 papers were entered into the study for the final evaluation, 11 of which were included in the meta-analysis based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings showed no significant differences in OS, DFS, and axillary recurrence in early-stage breast cancer patients underwent SLNB or SLNB and completion ALND. Conclusion: The findings did not confirm that ALND improved OS, DFS, and axillary recurrence in patients who were clinically node-negative and positive SLNB.     

早期乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检在简化腋清扫中的应用研究

[目的]探讨早期乳腺癌患者行前哨淋巴结活检（SLNB）为阴性,行简化腋窝淋巴结清扫替代腋窝淋巴结清扫术（ALND）的临床效果。[方法]采用1%亚甲蓝染色法对65例早期乳腺癌患者行SLNB,60例成功行SLNB,其中40例SLN无转移者行简化腋窝淋巴结清扫术（简化组）;20例SLN有转移者行ALND（标准组）,比较两组患者术后上肢并发症的发生情况、腋窝复发及全身转移情况。[结果]简化组手术时间和腋窝引流时间比标准组明显缩短,有统计学差异（P〈0.01）;简化组术后患侧上肢的疼痛、肿胀、麻木症状明显较标准组少（P〈0.01）。两组生存曲线没有差异。[结论]亚甲蓝染色法能够比较准确地定位乳腺癌的前哨淋巴结。简化ALND替代ALND手术时间和术后引流时间缩短,方便可行,并发症明显减少,腋窝复发率低,是早期乳腺癌患者的安全分期手术。     

Frequency and Predictors of Axillary Lymph Node Metastases in Iranian Women with Early Breast Cancer

Background: Axillary lymph node metastasis is the most important predictive factor for recurrence risk andsurvival in patients with invasive breast carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated withmetastatic involvement of axillary lymph nodes in Iranian women with early breast cancer. Methods: This article reportsa retrospective study of 774 patients with T1-T2 breast cancer who underwent resection of the primary tumor and axillarystaging by SLNB and/or ALND between 2005 and 2015 at our institution. Results: Of the 774 patients included in thisstudy, 35.5% (275 cases) had axillary lymph node involvement at the time of diagnosis. Factors associated with nodalinvolvement in univariate analyses were tumor size, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor grade, ER/PR status andHER2 expression. All factors identified with univariate analyses were entered into a multivariate logistic regressionmodel and tumor size (OR= 3.01, CI 2.01–4.49, P <0.001), ER/PR positivity (OR = 1.74, CI 1.1.16–2.62, P = 0.007)and presence of LVI (OR = 3.3.8, CI 2.31–4.95, P <0.001) remained as independent predictors of axillary lymph nodeinvolvement .Conclusions: In conclusion, the results of this study suggests that positive hormonal receptor status, LVIand tumor size are predictive factors for ALNM in Iranian women with early breast cancer.     

胃癌原发灶和淋巴结转移灶HER2表达的临床意义

目的 观察HER2在胃癌原发灶和淋巴结转移灶中的表达及其临床意义.方法 选取胃癌患者140例,其中淋巴结转移94例.采集胃癌患者的原发灶、淋巴结转移灶及癌旁组织,采用免疫组织化学法(Elivision)方法检测3种组织中HER2蛋白表达情况.结果 140例胃癌原发灶组织中HER2蛋白阳性表达与胃癌TNM分期、浸润深度及淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),而与患者性别、年龄和分化程度无关(P>0.05),癌旁组织中HER2表达与性别、年龄、分化程度、TNM分期、浸润深度及淋巴结转移均无关(P>0.05);HER2蛋白在胃癌原发灶、淋巴结转移灶中表达水平均高于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义,而94例淋巴结转移灶和对应的胃癌原发灶中HER2表达的差异无统计学意义;94例有淋巴结转移的患者淋巴结转移灶与原发灶HER2表达一致率为89.4%,两类标本HER2表达状态具有一致性(Z=6.386,P<0.001).结论 胃癌HER2蛋白的阳性表达与胃癌TNM分期、浸润深度及淋巴结转移有关,提示HER2的表达与胃癌的浸润转移有关;胃癌原发灶和淋巴结转移灶HER2的表达具有较好的一致性,患者在不能获取原发病灶的情况下,检测转移灶中HER-2可能为靶向治疗的选择提供依据,为晚期胃癌患者带来希望.     

乳腺癌Kodama法改良根治术的临床应用研究

探讨对腋淋巴结阳性乳腺癌患者行Kodama术式的应用临床及意义。方法：322例乳腺癌患者,154例临床腋淋巴结阳性乳腺癌患者采用Kodama术式,168例行常规Auchinclos改良根治术式,对两组情况进行比较,同时随访观察患者的预后情况。结果：两组患者手术时间差异无统计学意义,行改进术式患者腋下清扫淋巴结总数及L3组淋巴结数较常规术式多,两组差异有统计学意义,Kodama术式组患者5年无瘤生存率为58.9%,常规术式组患者5年无瘤生存率为51.1%,两组差异无统计学意义。结论：对临床腋淋巴结阳性乳腺癌患者行全腋下淋巴结清扫具有一定的临床应用价值,采用Kodama术式有利于对L3组淋巴结的清扫。     

Feasibility of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients with Initial Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis after Primary Systemic Therapy

Purpose

Primary systemic therapy (PST) downstages up to 40% of initial documented axillary lymph node (ALN) metastases in breast cancer. The current surgical treatment after PST consists of breast tumor resection and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). This strategy, however, does not eliminate unnecessary ALND in patients with complete remission of axillary metastases. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after PST among patients with documented ALN metastasis at presentation and to identify the rate of pathologic complete-remission (CR) with ALN after PST.

Methods

We analyzed 66 patients with ALN metastasis that was pathologically proven preoperatively who underwent SLNB and concomitant ALND after PST. Axillary ultrasound (AUS) was used to evaluate the clinical response of initially documented ALN metastasis after PST. Intraoperative lymphatic mapping was performed using blue dye with or without radioisotope.

Results

After PST, 34.8% of patients had clinical CR of ALN on AUS and 28.8% patients had pathologic CR of ALN. The overall success rate of SLNB after PST was 87.9%, and the sentinel lymph node identification rate in patients with clinical CR was 95.7%. In patients with successful lymphatic mapping, 70.7% of patients had residual axillary metastases. The overall accuracy and false-negative rate were 87.9% and 17.1% in all patients: 95.5% and 10.0% in patients with clinical CR of ALN, and 83.3% and 19.4% in patients with residual axillary disease after PST.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that SLNB may be feasible in patients with initial documented ALN metastasis who have clinical CR for metastatic ALN after PST. Further investigation in a prospective setting should be performed to confirm our results.     

前哨淋巴结活检阴性乳腺癌患者行低位部分腋窝淋巴结清扫的必要性探讨

目的 探讨前哨淋巴结活检（sentinel lymph node biopsy, SLNB）阴性行低位部分腋窝淋巴结清扫（low partial axillary lymph node dissection, LPALND）的必要性。方法 收集138例影像学检查提示腋窝淋巴结肿大、SLNB阴性（≤4枚）并进一步行LPALND乳腺癌患者临床病理资料进行回顾性分析,探讨患者行LPALND的必要性。结果 SLNB 2枚组、3枚组与4枚组发生LPALN转移概率比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。但1枚组与4枚组发生LPALN转移概率比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对影像学检查提示腋窝淋巴结肿大行SLNB 1枚阴性患者应行LPALND, 2~3枚阴性患者建议行LPALND,4枚阴性患者可免于行LPALND。     

早期乳腺癌中前哨淋巴结导航的淋巴结群切除的价值

[目的]比较腋窝前哨淋巴结（SLN）导航的淋巴结群切除与单纯前哨淋巴结活检（SLNB）的优劣,探讨其作为早期乳腺癌外科腋窝处理手段的可行性及临床意义。[方法]2003年10月至2009年5月．连续入组305例早期乳腺癌手术病例,术中序贯施行腋窝SLNB、SLN所在淋巴结群切除及全腋窝淋巴结清扫（ALND）,比较SLNB与SLN导航的淋巴结群切除活检预测腋淋巴结状态的差异并分析影响淋巴结状态的因素。[结果]SLNB成功率为99.34％（303／305）。SLNB假阴性10例,SLNB预测淋巴结状态假阴性率为9．80％（10／102）、敏感性90．20％（92／102）、准确性96．70％（293,303）、阴性似然比0．098。SLN导航的淋巴结群切除活检预测腋淋巴结状态的假阴性率为1．96％（2／102）、敏感性98．04％（100／102）、准确性99．34％（301／303）、阴性似然比0．020。淋巴结状态与肿瘤大小、脉管浸润、组织学分级及Her-2状态相关（P〈0．05）。[结论]以腋窝SLN导航的淋巴结群切除替代ALND治疗早期乳腺癌较单纯SLNB更具安全性及应用价值。结合肿瘤大小、脉管浸润、组织学分级及Her-2状态有助于更准确地指导腋窝淋巴结处理方式.     

Prognostic Significance of Interactions Between ER Alpha and ER Beta and Lymph Node Status in Breast Cancer Cases

Objective: Both estrogen receptors, ER alpha (ERα) and ER beta (ERβ), are expressed in 50-70% ofbreast cancer cases. The role of ERα as a prognostic marker in breast cancer has been well established as itsexpression is negative correlated with tumor size and lymph node metastasis. ERβ is also a favorable prognosticpredictor although this is less well documented than for ERα. Materials and Methods: To explore whether ERsindependently or together might influence clinical outcome in breast cancer, the correlation between the ERs withthe clinicopathological features was analyzed in 84 patients. Results: ERα expression negatively correlated withtumor stage (r=-0.246, p=0.028) and tended to be negatively correlated with lymph node status (r=-0.156, p=0.168)and tumor size (r=-0.246, p=0.099). Also, ERβ was negatively correlated with nodal status (r=-0.243, p=0.028),as was coexpression of ERα and ERβ (p=0.043, OR=0.194, 95% CI= 0.040- 0.953). Conclusion: Coexpression ofERs might serve as an indicator of good prognosis in breast cancer patients.     

ER、PR和HER2联合检测对乳腺癌脑转移瘤发生的预测价值

目的 探讨ER、PR和HER2联合检测对乳腺癌脑转移瘤发生的预测价值.方法 选取135例乳腺癌患者作为观察对象,其中24例出现脑转移瘤患者为转移组,111例非脑转移瘤者为非转移组.采用免疫组化法(IHC),检测转移组和非转移组乳腺癌组织中ER、PR和HER2表达水平.结果 转移组ER阳性率为29.2%,显著低于非转移组的56.8%(P<0.05);转移组PR阳性率为25.0%,显著低于非转移组的54.9%(P<0.05);转移组HER2阳性率为62.5%,显著高于非转移组的18.9%(P<0.05);ER(-)、PR(-)和HER2(+)联合检测乳腺癌脑转移的灵敏度为64.00%,特异性为87.27%、准确性为82.96%.结论 乳腺癌脑转移瘤患者乳腺癌组织中ER、PR和HER2表达水平发生变化,其中ER、PR的表达缺失及HER2的过表达可能参与脑转移瘤的发生发展,ER、PR阴性表达与HER2蛋白阳性表达联合检测乳腺癌脑转移的准确性良好,可为临床应用提供参考依据.     

Development and Validation of a Preoperative Scoring System to Distinguish Between Nonadvanced and Advanced Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Early-stage Breast Cancer

BackgroundIt has been determined that axillary lymph node dissection after the detection of limited axillary lymph node metastasis does not improve the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Thus, a need exists for less-invasive axillary surgery. However, it remains unclear whether a predictive model based on preoperative data would be sufficient to accurately predict the probability of pN2-N3 (> 3 lymph node metastases). We sought to develop an easy-to-use scoring system to distinguish between pN0-N1 (0-3 lymph node metastases) and pN2-N3 using only preoperative data and validate its predictive performance.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively identified 2687 patients diagnosed with cT1-3cN0-N1 who had undergone surgery in our hospital from 2013 to 2019. We evaluated the risk factors associated with pN2-N3 by logistic regression analysis and developed a scoring system. Predictive performance was assessed by calculating the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) and was validated using K-fold cross-validation.ResultsWe identified 1987 patients with stage pN0, 522 with pN1, and 178 with pN2-N3. Multivariate analysis revealed tumor size, number of suspicious lymph nodes on axillary ultrasound examination, histologic type, histologic grade, and receptor status were significant risk factors for pN2-N3. The AUC value was 0.87, and the mean AUC of the 10-fold cross-validation was 0.88. When the cutoff score was set at 6, the negative predictive value for excluding patients with pN2-N3 was 98.4%.ConclusionOur easy-to-use scoring system could be useful to preoperatively identify patients at lower risk of pN2-N3 and avoid unnecessary axillary lymph node dissection.     

吸脂法乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术的临床应用

目的 探讨抽脂法乳腺癌腋窝淋巴清扫的手术技术。方法 分析采用抽脂法进行乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫手术的42例患者的临床资料,并与34例采用传统腋窝淋巴结清扫术患者进行比较。结果 术中岀血量两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05),清扫淋巴结总数及阳性淋巴结数其差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,损伤淋巴结数差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。抽脂组可以明显提高肋间神经保护的成功率（P<0.05）,两组随访6~24月,均未见复发与转移。结论 抽脂法腋窝淋巴结清扫术有利于显露肋间臂神经,淋巴结清扫可以达到传统手术的清扫范围,是安全可行的。     

Isolated Contralateral Axillary Lymph Node Involvement in Breast Cancer Represents a Locally Advanced Disease Not Distant Metastases

Background

Breast cancer metastases to an ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node is assigned a N3 status in the TNM system and thus classified as stage III disease in the American Joint Commission on Cancer staging manual. Breast cancer metastatic to contralateral axillary lymph node (CAM) without metastases to any other distant organ is currently assigned M1 status (stage IV) instead of N3 (stage III).

早期乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检替代腋窝淋巴结清扫的临床应用研究

目的 对前哨淋巴结活检(sentinel lymph node biopsy,SLNB)替代腋窝淋巴结清扫(axillary lymph node dis-section,ALND)在早期乳腺癌患者中的应用以及安全性研究及探讨.方法 回顾性分析行SLNB和ALND手术的503例早期乳腺癌病例,对患者住院时间、拔管时间及住院费用进行对比,以及对患者上肢并发症、腋窝局部复发及远处转移情况进行随访,随访至2016年06月,中位随访时间为32(6 ～52)个月.结果 在住院时间、拔管时间、住院费用以及上肢并发症方面,SLNB组明显优于ALND组,差异有统计学意义,而在腋窝局部复发及远处转移情况方面两组无统计学意义.结论 在SLN阴性早期乳腺癌中,SLNB与ALND可以取得相同的疗效,而且,SLNB与ALND相比,手术创伤小,麻木疼痛、肩关节活动受限等术后并发症明显减少,且可缩短患者住院时间,减轻患者的经济负担.     

p53和nm23基因表达与乳腺癌淋巴结转移的相关性研究

本文应用SP免疫组织化学方法检测86例乳腺癌石蜡包埋组织p53和nm23基因表达，分析P53和nm23基因表达与乳腺癌病理因素之间的关系，探讨p53和nm23对乳腺癌淋巴结转移的影响。结果显示p53蛋白阳性与乳腺癌淋巴结转移显著相关（P＜0．05），与肿瘤大小、组织学分类和病人年龄无关（P＞0．05）。nm23阴性表达与乳腺癌淋巴结转移显著相关（P＜0．05），与肿瘤大小、组织学分类和病人年龄无关（P＞0．05）。P53阳性和nm23阴性的乳腺癌容易发生淋巴结转移。     

Current Controversies Concerning Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Breast Cancer

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: The objectives of this article are to review existing controversies regarding sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy and to identify potential areas of consensus in order to eliminate routine axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). RESULTS: A combination of peritumoral injection with radioisotopes and subdermal or subareolar injection with blue dye may result in enhanced success rates of SLN identification. Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy is most useful for detecting an internal mammary SLN, but the practicability of internal mammary SLN biopsy is still in the investigative stage. Intraoperative diagnosis of SLN is useful because patients with SLN metastases may be treated immediately with ALND, but it is unreasonable to expect that either examination of frozen sections or imprint cytology will detect every metastatic disease. SLN micrometastases may be of prognostic importance and these can be identified with H and E staining on permanent sections of 200 micro m intervals. While ALND is preferable for patients even with a small tumor (T1) and SLN micrometastases, radiation therapy is an acceptable alternative. SLN biopsy may be indicated for patients with DCIS detected as a palpable mass or those with large calcification areas in the breast. The accuracy of SLN biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is considered to be unproven. CONCLUSION: Since SLN biopsy has been adopted by surgeons around the world, consistency of technique and case selection has attained great significance.     

Four Cycles of Docetaxel-Cyclophosphamide versus Anthracycline-Taxane as Adjuvant Chemotherapy for HER2-Negative,Axillary Lymph Node Negative Breast Cancer: A Real-World Comparison of Alberta Patients Treated 2008–2012

Uncertainty exists around the need to include an anthracycline if taxane-based adjuvant chemotherapy is being used for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) negative and axillary lymph node negative (LNN) breast cancer. We identified all patients who were diagnosed with HER2-negative, LNN breast cancer treated with docetaxel-cyclophosphamide for four cycles (DC4) or an anthracycline-taxane (AT) regimen following surgical resection in Alberta from 2008 through 2012. We used propensity score methods to match each patient treated with AT to up to four patients treated with DC4 on potentially confounding clinicopathologic and treatment variables. We compared the 10-year invasive disease free survival (iDFS), breast cancer specific-survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) and assessed the effect of the type of adjuvant chemotherapy on these outcomes using Cox regression. Of the 726 eligible patients, 657 (90.5%) were treated with DC4 and 69 (9.5%) were treated with AT. Matching created a group of 202 women treated with DC4 and eliminated differences in clinicopathologic and treatment factors. There was no statistically significant difference for the treatment effects of matched DC4 patients compared to the AT patients on iDFS (75.7% vs. 76.8%, p = 0.75; hazard ratio (HR) = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.65 to 1.8), BCSS (88.1% vs. 87%, p = 0.8; HR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.42 to 1.9), or OS (87.1% vs. 86.9%, p= 0.96; HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.46 to 2.1). Four cycles of DC as compared with an AT regimen yielded similar 10-year iDFS, BCSS and OS amongst patients with HER2-negative, LNN breast cancer.     

Sentinel Node Biopsy in Early Breast Cancer Patients with Palpable Axillary Node

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a reliable method for evaluation of the axillary lymph node status in early stage breast cancer patients with non-palpable lymph nodes. The present study evaluated the status of sentinel and non-sentinel lymph nodes in T1T2 patients with palpable axillary lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: One hundred and two women with early breast cancer were investigated in this study. Patients were selected for axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy and then surgery .Then the rates of false negative and true positive, and diagnostic accuracy of sentinel lymph nodes biopsy were evaluated. In addition, the hormone receptors status of the tumor was determined through IHC and data was analyzed in SPSS21. Results: In this study, the mean age of the patients was 49 years, 85% had invasive ductal carcinoma  in their pathology reports, 77% were ER/PR positive, 30% HER2 positive and 9.8% triple negative and 69% had KI67<14%. In frozen pathology, 15.7 and 84.3% were sentinel positive and negative, respectively, and in the final pathology, 41 and 58.8% were sentinel positive and negative, respectively. This difference arises from the false negative rate of the frozen pathology, which was about 31.3%. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the frozen section were 24, 90 and 43%, respectively. Lymphovascular invasion is an important effective factor in the involvement of sentinel and non-sentinel lymph nodes. Statistical analysis showed that the probability of sentinel and non-sentinel lymph nodes involvement was higher in receptor positive patients and those with KI67>14% (p<0.002) whereas the rate of involvement was lower in triple negative patients. Conclusion: Sentinel node biopsy can be used in a significant percentage of breast cancer patients with palpable and reactive axillary lymph nodes.     

乳腺原发癌与淋巴结转移癌基因表达谱的比较研究

目的：通过乳腺原发癌与琳巴结转移癌基因表达谱的比较研究,筛选乳腺癌转移相关基因,探讨淋巴强转移阳性乳腺癌患者分子分型的临床意义.方法：采用eRNA扩增方法分别将乳腺原发癌与配对的淋巴结转移癌标记Cy3和Cy5的荧光探针,与点有21 329个人功能基因的Oligo芯片进行配对杂交.筛选30例病中至少16对样本（50%以上）有2.0倍以上相同差异表达趋势的基因：采用Cluster3.0对样本及病例进行非监督聚类分析.结果：共筛选得到95个差异表达基因,其中41个在转移癌中表达上调,54个下调,分别与细胞格附和运动能力,细胞外基质,蛋白水解酶,信号传导与转录调节.细胞生长与凋亡相关.基于全基因表达谱对样本聚类将83.3%（25/30）病例的原发癌与其配对的淋巴结转移癌聚类在一起,基于差异表达基因对病例的聚类分析将30便患者分为2组,其中A组与B组比较,A组多为肿瘤体积T3-4（P〈0.05）,ER阴性（P〈0.05）,组织学Ⅲ组（P=0.073）和3年内发生远处转移（P=0.085）的预后较差的病例.结论：以同一病例乳腺原发癌与其淋巴结转移癌进行基因表达谱的比较分析,筛选得到的在多病例中有共同差异表达趋势的基因,涉及了与转移相关的重要生物学过程;同一病例的原发癌与转移癌聚类在一起,证实淋巴结转移癌是其原发癌高转移能力细胞的亚克隆,因而具有相近的基因表达谱,其中的差异基因即包含了涉及转移表型的基因改变.基于原发癌差异基因的表达谱可以将淋巴结转移阳性乳腺癌病例进行分子分组并能预测预后.     

对比分析乳腔镜腋窝淋巴结清扫术与常规淋巴结清扫术对乳腺癌的临床疗效

目的比较分析乳腔镜腋窝淋巴结清扫术与常规淋巴结清扫术对乳腺癌的临床疗效。方法将90例乳腺癌患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组45例。对照组患者给予常规淋巴结清扫术治疗,治疗组则给予患者乳腔镜腋窝淋巴结清扫术。比较分析2组的手术时间、淋巴结清扫数量、出血量、术后引流量及住院时间等,以及术后并发症发生情况、随访情况。结果治疗组患者的出血量以及术后引流量显著低于对照组,而手术时间则显著高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组患者的淋巴结清扫数目和住院时间优于对照组,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗组的并发症发生率为4.4%,显著低于对照组的17.7%,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外随访结果显示,治疗组患者的瘢痕面积显著小于对照组(P<0.05),而复发、转移等情况比较无明显差异。结论相较于常规淋巴结清扫术,乳腔镜腋窝淋巴结清扫术具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少等优点。