用ELISA法分析牙周病与唾液中IeE,IgM的关系

用单克隆抗体ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测１１３名牙周组织疾病患者及正常对照受试者混合唾液ＩｇＥ及ＩｇＭ含量。结果表明：ＩｇＥ含量正常对照组明显低于患者组，特别是与青少年牙周炎组ＩｇＥ含量相差４倍。ＩｇＭ含量只有龈炎组明显增高，正常对照组与牙周炎组无明显差异。     

用ELISA法分析增龄性变化时唾液中IgM,IgE与龋病的关系

用单克隆抗体ＥＬＩＳＡ法对１１４名不同年龄的龋病组和正常对照组受试者混合唾液中ＩｇＭ及ＩｇＥ含量进行检测．结果表明：ＩｇＭ含量与龋病感染无明显相关性，在龋病感染过程中亦无明显变化．ＩｇＥ含量在龋病组和对照组中均有伴增龄性变化逐渐升高的趋势，但在青春期前患者组ＩｇＥ含量伴增龄性变化反有所降低。     

IgE介导的超敏反应对青少年牙周炎致病作用的研究

目的：对１３例青少年牙周炎患者和５例健康牙龈对照组的牙龈组织进行免疫球蛋白的定量定性分析。方法：本实验用６种单克隆抗体，采用免疫组织化学技术。结果：青少年牙周炎牙龈组织内ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ、λ阳性细胞数比对照组有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＩｇＥ阳性细胞数比对照组有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：表明Ｂ淋巴细胞、浆细胞有关的抗原、抗体参与的体液免疫在青少年牙周炎致病中起重要作用，ＩｇＥ介导的超敏反应在青少年牙周炎致病的免疫机制中起作用。青少年牙周炎活动期的综合治疗中采用抗过敏药治疗可能有效。     

口腔鳞状细胞癌患者血清IgE的检测与评价

用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测了４２例口腔鳞癌原发患者及１０例复发患者的血清ＩｇＥ水平。结果显示：口腔鳞癌及复发患者ＩｇＥ水平均较正常人明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；鳞癌病理分级、ＴＮＭ分期及有无淋巴结转移等不影响ＩｇＥ水平；口腔鳞癌患者术后ＩｇＥ水平基本恢复正常。结果提示：血清ＩｇＥ水平升高可能反映了口腔癌患者细胞免疫功能缺陷；ＩｇＥ与口腔癌发生发展的关系尚需进一步研究     

复发性口疮(RAU)与唾液免疫球蛋白、补体及溶菌酶活性关系的实验研究

本文对９９例复发性口疮患者，分别在初诊治疗前（发作期）和治疗后３月未发作时进行唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性检测，并以４５名健康学生唾液相应成份作为正常对照。实验结果表明：复发性口疮患者治疗前唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性，均远远低于正常人唾液相应成份（Ｐ＜０．０１）；复发性口疮患者治疗后，其唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性，均较治疗前有显著提高（Ｐ＜０．０１），其中ＩｇＧ、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性恢复较明显，与正常人唾液相应成份相似（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

复发性口疮（RAU）与唾液免疫球蛋白,补体及溶菌酶活性关系 …

本文对９９例复发性口疮患者，分别在初诊治疗前（发作期）和治疗后３个月未发作时进行唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性检测，并以４５名健康学生唾液相应成份作为正常对照。实验结果表明：复发性口疮患者治疗前唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性，均远远低于正常人唾液相应成份（Ｐ〈０．０１）；复发性口疮患者治疗后，其唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４及溶菌酶     

绝经期妇女灼口综合征唾液免疫球蛋白的研究

目的：研究绝经期妇女灼口综合征（ＢＭＳ）患者唾液流率及免疫球蛋白的变化。方法：对２９例绝经期妇女ＢＭＳ患者及２０例无ＢＭＳ的绝经期妇女的唾液流率,ｐＨ值及静态和动态混合唾液中ＳＩｇＡ,ＩｇＧ,ＩｇＭ进行观察,并行问卷调查。结果：ＢＭＳ组静态及动态混合唾液流及ｐＨ值差异无显著性意义（Ｐ〉０．０５）,而静态和动态混合唾液ＳＩｇＡ明显低于对照组,均有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＩｇＭ明显高于对照组（分别     

用放射免疫测定法分析豚鼠牙龈和牙槽骨中前列腺素E2含量及与牙周炎的关系

将２０只豚鼠分为对照组和牙周炎组，每组１０只，用丝线缝扎十高糖食料喂养形成牙周炎，用放射免疫测定法（ＲＩＡ）分析牙周炎形成后两组牙龈和牙槽骨中前列腺素Ｅ２（ＰＧＥ２）含量。结果表明牙周炎组和对照组牙龈组织中ＰＧＥ２含量均高于牙槽骨中的含量，对照组牙龈组织中ＰＧＥ２（３９４．９７±１１８．２７ｐｇ／ｍｇ）为牙槽骨中（１８２．９１±３３．２９ｐｇ／ｍｇ）的２．１倍，牙周炎组龈组织中ＰＧＥ２（９４６．５８±１０６．８６ｐｇ／ｍｇ）为牙槽骨中（３１０．３７±４６．５８ｐｇ／ｍｇ）的３倍。牙周炎组牙龈和牙槽骨中ＰＧＥ２含量与对照组相应组织的ＰＧＥ２比均有非常显著性差异，牙周炎组牙龈组织中ＰＧＥ２为对照组的２．４倍，而牙槽骨中的ＰＧＥ２为对照组牙槽骨的１．７倍。提示豚鼠牙周炎时牙龈和牙槽骨中ＰＧＥ２升高，ＰＧＥ２与牙龈炎症和牙槽骨吸收有密切关系，使用抑制ＰＧＥ２合成的药物消炎痛等治疗豚鼠牙周炎将有显著的治疗效果     

成年牙周炎和青少年牙周炎外周血淋巴细胞亚群研究

作者对２０例成年牙周炎患者、１６例青少年牙周炎患者及２０例牙周健康者应用单克隆抗体间接免疫荧光法检测Ｔ淋巴细胞及其亚群，直接免疫荧光法检测Ｂ淋巴细胞。结果：成年牙周炎患者外周血中的ＯＫＴ３、ＯＫＴ４、ＯＫＴ６的数目及ＯＫＴ４／ＯＫＴ８比值在正常范围内，青少年牙周炎患者的ＯＫＴ３、ＯＫＴ４数目在正常范围内，ＯＫＴ８数目明显升高，ＯＫＴ４／ＯＫＴ８比值显著降低；成年牙周炎和青少年牙周炎患者外周血中的活化Ｂ细胞均高于正常对照组，而且都以表面免疫球蛋白ＩｇＭ阳性（ＳｍＩｇＭ＋）的Ｂ细胞增加为主。以上结果提示：成年牙周炎和青少年牙周炎的免疫学机制是不同的。     

IgG4与牙周炎

近年来，人们发现ＩｇＧ４随牙周炎病情加重而在病变部位的含量增加，然而，对于ＩｇＧ４在牙周炎中的地位和作用，至今所知甚少。本文综述了ＩｇＧ４的特性，在Ｉ型变态反应中的作用，以及近来牙周病学家对它的研究状况，提出了今后可能的研究方向。     

Serum IgG antibodies to lipopolysaccharides in various forms of periodontal disease in man

Serum IgG antibody titres to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from two strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were significantly elevated in juvenile periodontitis compared with other types of periodontal disease and with controls (p less than 0.05). The highest antibody titres to Bacteroides gingivalis LPS were in juvenile periodontitis, but this difference was significant only against the control group (p less than 0.01). In adult mild periodontitis there were higher antibody levels to LPS from Veillonella parvula compared with all other groups and controls (p less than 0.05). The possibility that high antibody titres to LPS from A. actinomycetemcomitans may play a protective role in juvenile periodontitis needs further investigation.     

Serological investigation of various forms of inflammatory periodontitis

Antibody levels towards sonicated whole cell extracts of selected oral Gram negative bacteria and Actinomyces viscosus were determined in sera from patients with various inflammatory forms of periodontal disease and from healthy control individuals. Antibody titres to two (non-leukotoxin producing) strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were significantly elevated in patients with juvenile periodontitis. Adult patients with severe periodontitis had significantly lower IgG antibody titres to Veillonella parvula (p < 0.001) or A. actinomycetemco-mitans strain NCTC 9710 (p < 0.01) and patients with mild periodontitis had decreased IgM antibody titres to A. actinomycetemcomitans strain NCTC 10979 (p < 0.05) when compared with the control subjects. Young adults with severe periodontitis showed marked individual differences in their humoral responses. Analysis of data revealed that only patients with a history of juvenile periodontitis had elevated IgG antibody titres to Bacteroides gingivalis (p < 0.001) and to V. parvula (p < 0.01). Hence the profiles of antibody levels to oral microorganisms identified patients who had previously manifested classical "localised" juvenile periodontitis.     

Investigation of IL4 gene polymorphism in individuals with different levels of chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population

BACKGROUND: Cytokines are key factors that mediate the inflammatory process during periodontal disease. Recent works have shown that the levels of cytokine expression are regulated by genetic polymorphisms, and that these variations can interfere with the progression of disease. The-590 (C-->T) polymorphism of the IL4 gene is associated with high levels of IgE in asthmatic families, and the frequency of the T allele was increased in asthmatic children. The concentration of IgE in gingival tissue was found to be elevated in patients with periodontitis. OBJECTIVE: In this study the relationship between the-590 (C-->T) polymorphism in the IL4 gene and different levels of chronic periodontal disease was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: DNA was extracted from buccal epithelial cells of 113 unrelated adult individuals with different levels of periodontitis. The PCR-RFLP technique was used to investigate the polymorphism in the promoter of IL4 gene. RESULTS: No significant differences in the allele and genotype frequencies of the polymorphism were found between control and groups with periodontal disease. CONCLUSION: : We conclude that the-590 (C-->T) polymorphism in the IL4 gene is not associated with the susceptibility to chronic periodontal disease.     

Fibronectin levels of unstimulated saliva from naval recruits with and without chronic inflammatory periodontal disease

Past studies have suggested that gingival crevicular fluid is produced more readily in persons with severe periodontal diseases than in persons with healthy gingivae. In this study, salivary fibronectin was selected as an index of total gingival crevicular fluid flow. Our purpose was to determine whether a relationship could be found between salivary fibronectin level and periodontal disease status. Unstimulated saliva was collected from 20 healthy and 20 periodontally-diseased naval recruits. The periodontally-diseased subjects included 10 with localized juvenile periodontitis and 10 with moderate to severe periodontitis. Mean subject ages and salivary flow rates were similar for the 2 groups. Although 2 of the periodontally-diseased subjects showed unusually high fibronectin levels, the mean level for the remaining 18 subjects did not differ significantly from the mean of the healthy group, and no association of periodontal disease status with salivary fibronectin content was seen. Consequently, it was not evident from salivary fibronectin levels that the content of gingival crevicular fluid in unstimulated whole saliva differed significantly for persons with or without severe periodontal disease, except possibly for extreme cases of disease.     

Humoral immune responses to Porphymmonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in adult periodontitis and rapidly progressive periodontitis

The relationships between various forms of periodontal disease and the avidities of serum antibodies of all 3 immunoglobulin (Ig) classes (IgG, IgM and IgA) to Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were investigated. Twenty-four patients with untreated adult periodontitis and twelve untreated patients diagnosed as suffering from the early-onset form of periodontitis, rapidly progressive periodontitis, were studied. The latter group were matched for age and sex to healthy controls. Antibody litres were measured and avidity (expressed as molarity) was further assayed using the thiocyanate elution method. Avidity has previously been shown to relate to the biological function of antibody. IgM avidities to P. gingivalis were lower in the rapidly progressive periodontitis group than in the adult periodontitis group (0.54 M vs 0.74 M). IgG avidities tended to be lower in the former than in the latter group (0.58 M vs 0.92 M). In accordance with other workers, seropositivily was defined as an immunoglobulin titre more than twice the median level of control sera. Only 2 of the rapidly progressive periodontitis group were seropositive. Interestingly, the seronegative rapidly progressive periodontitis patients were significantly different (0.53 M vs 0.92 M). The data that patients with various forms of periodontal disease appear to produce antibodies of differing avidity to P. gingivalis suggest that the quality of the humoral immune response to suspected periodontopathogens may have a bearing on the aetiology of periodontal disease.     

牙周炎和高脂血症动物模型的建立及其相关性初步分析

目的：在成功建立牙周炎和高脂血症动物模型的基础上，通过检测其临床牙周指标、血脂含量、血清中C-反应蛋白（CRP）的含量，初步探讨分析牙周炎与冠心病之问的关系。方法：选择大耳白兔作为实验动物，经结扎、创伤、感染和灌胃等手段建立起牙周炎和高脂血症模型，至第8周末将所有建立成功的动物模型按牙周炎组、高脂血症组和牙周炎＋高脂血症组分别检查牙周指标、血脂水平以及血清中免疫指标CRP的含量，进行统计学分析。结果：经过牙周检查和血脂检测，确认成功建立了实验所需的动物模型。其中牙周炎＋高脂血症组的血脂水平有明显升高、牙周炎症表现程度更重，各实验组与对照组的CRP比较均存在显著性差异（P〈0．001）。结论：牙周炎与高脂血症之间存在一定的相关联系和影响，进而可能对动脉粥样硬化和冠心病的发生发展有重要的影响。     

奥硝唑联合牙周组织再生术治疗牙周炎的有效性及安全性评价

目的 探讨奥硝唑联合牙周组织再生术治疗牙周炎的有效性及安全性。方法 选择2018年3月—2019年3月于南京大学医学院附属口腔医院接受治疗的牙周炎患者100例,随机分为再生治疗组、联合治疗组,每组50例,再生治疗组患者进行牙周组织再生治疗,联合治疗组患者使用奥硝唑联合牙周组织再生术进行治疗。对2组患者牙周相关指标牙周探诊深度（periodontal probing depth,PPD）、牙周附着水平（periodontal attachment level,PAL）、牙松动度（tooth mobility degree,MD）进行检测,对2组患者治疗前、后血清丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px）、白细胞介素10（interleukin-10,IL-10）、白细胞介素4（interleukin-4,IL-4）、C反应蛋白（c-reactive protein,CRP）水平及免疫球蛋白水平进行检测,对比2组患者治疗效果及并发症发生情况。采用SPSS 21.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果 联合治疗组患者治疗后PPD、PAL及MD水平显著低于再生治疗组（P<0.05）;联合治疗组患者血清MDA水平显著低于再生治疗组,SOD、GSH-Px水平显著高于再生治疗组（P<0.05）;联合治疗组患者血清IgA、IgM、IgG、IgE、IL-10、IL-4、CRP水平显著低于再生治疗组（P<0.05）;联合治疗组患者治疗总有效率显著高于再生治疗组,并发症发生率显著低于再生治疗组（P<0.05）。结论 使用奥硝唑联合牙周组织再生术能显著改善牙周炎患者相关牙周指数水平,减轻患者氧化应激损伤,提升患者免疫功能,抑制炎症反应,治疗效果显著,且安全性较高。     

Assessment of complement cleavage in gingival fluid in humans with and without periodontal disease

The activation of the complement system may be an important immunopathologic mechanism in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to assess cleavage of complement components C3 (terminal pathway), C4 (classical pathway) and B (alternative pathway) in gingival fluid obtained from patients with varying types and severities of periodontal disease. Gingival fluid samples were obtained on filter paper strips from 18 healthy sites, 16 gingivitis, 59 chronic adult periodontitis, 45 rapidly progressive periodontitis, and 11 juvenile periodontitis lesions. Each patient was categorized on the basis of age and clinical indices, including Gingival Index, Plaque Index, measurement of pocket depth and loss of periodontal attachment in millimeters, presence of suppuration and bleeding on probing. Cleavage of C3, C4, and B from each site was assessed simultaneously by multilayer crossedimmunoelectrophoresis using solid phase absorbed specific antisera. The mean percentage C3 conversion ranged from a low of 12.6% in the healthy to 90.2% in the juvenile periodontitis group. Statistically significant differences, as determined by the Mann-Whitney U-Test, were observed between healthy sites and all other groups, gingivitis and all periodontitis groups, and juvenile vs. chronic periodontitis. C4 was present in all sites examined, but its cleavage product C4c was only observed in sites with juvenile periodontitis. B and its cleavage product Bb were consistently present in gingival fluid from inflamed lesions. The percentage of C3 cleaved to C3c correlated significantly (p < 0.001) with pocket depth (rho=0.58), gingivitis (rho=0.68) and bleeding on probing (rho=0.63). These results suggest that 1) increased complement cleavage is associated with increased severity of inflammation and periodontal destruction, and 2) classical pathway activation does not appear to occur in gingivitis and adult periodontitis, but may occur in juvenile periodontitis.     

The gingival immune response to periodontal pathogens in juvenile periodontitis

A gingival explant culture system was utilized to evaluate the reactivity of local immunoglobulins produced by juvenile periodontitis tissue. Gingival explant culture supernatant fluids were screened, via a standardized dot-immunobinding assay, for antibodies reactive to: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Peptostreptococcus micros, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Eubacterium nodatum and Fusobacterium nucleatum and one nonoral microorganism, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica. Of the 75 juvenile periodontitis supernatant fluids tested, the organisms that reacted with the highest numbers of supernatant fluids were E. nodatum (72%) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (49%). More juvenile periodontitis than healthy tissue samples showed supernatant fluid reactivity to P. intermedia, C. ochracea, E. nodatum and P. micros. No significant difference was observed between the juvenile periodontitis group supernatant fluids reactivity and the supernatant fluids of the other periodontal disease groups tested. Cluster analysis revealed the association, as determined by supernatant fluid reactivity, of P. micros and C. ochracea in the juvenile periodontitis group. The data from this investigation are consistent with a hypothesis of multiple possible etiologies of periodontal destruction in juvenile periodontitis and other forms of periodontal diseases.     

Clinical and immunological characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease.

Various clinical and immunological parameters were determined in patients with RA and patients with adult periodontitis. There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to the number of missing teeth, although pocket depths and gingival inflammation scores were significantly increased in the periodontitis group (p less than 0.05). Salivary IgM levels were below the minimum detectable level in both groups, and no significant differences were evident between the two groups with regard to salivary IgG and IgA levels. However, serum IgG, IgA and IgM levels in RA patients were significantly higher than in periodontitis patients (p less than 0.05), indicating enhanced humoral immunity. The present findings suggest that RA patients are not a risk group for advanced periodontal problems in comparison with age- and sex-matched systemically healthy controls.