多灶性运动神经病的临床和神经电生理研究

目的 分析多灶性运动神经病(MMN)的临床及神经电生理特点。方法 对7例MMN患者进行观察随访，常规测定感觉及运动神经传导速度、F波、常规肌电图及单纤维肌电图，采用常规节段性运动神经传导以及Inching技术测定部分性传导阻滞(CB)，分析电生理特点与临床之间的相关性。结果 全部患者均隐袭起病，进展较缓慢。临床上以单肢无力为首发症状，随病程发展，受累部位增加。常规神经传导检查可见所有明显萎缩的肌肉复合动作电位波幅下降；4例患者F波出现率下降或消失；在临床受累及部分未受累肌肉肌电图检查可见不同程度的神经源性损害。4例患者单纤维肌电图表现为颤抖增宽和纤维密度增高。采用Inching技术共测定出CB16处，拟诊CB6处。在2条临床及肌电图测定均正常的神经发现5处CB，其余17处CB或拟诊CB均发生于轻度至中度无力的肌肉所对应的12条神经。1例患者血抗神经节苷脂抗体IgG和IgM阳性。结论 临床症状及体征是诊断MMN的基础，CB测定是确定MMN诊断的最有价值的手段，但CB与临床症状和体征并非完全相关。     

多灶性运动神经病的临床和电生理特征

目的研究多灶性运动神经病(MMN)的临床和电生理特征。方法回顾性分析16例MMN患者的临床资料和电生理检查结果。结果本组患者均为中青年起病,平均年龄(28.2±2.4)岁;16例患者均有非对称性四肢无力,肌力Ⅱ～Ⅳ级,上肢无力重于下肢,右侧重于左侧,4例有轻度肌萎缩,无感觉减退;肌电图检查发现所有患者均存在节段性运动神经传导阻滞(CB),病变神经的运动神经传导速度(MCV)均减慢,感觉神经传导速度(SCV)减慢1例。结论MMN是一种不对称的周围神经病,主要累及运动神经;神经电生理检查对诊断起重要作用,节段性运动神经CB是MMN特征性的神经电生理表现。     

慢性酒精性周围神经病的电生理改变

目的探讨慢性酒精性周围神经病的电生理特点和诊断价值.方法检测36例慢性酒精中毒患者与35例正常人肌电图对照,统计分析.结果观察组中确诊为临床或亚临床周围神经病的共30例(83.3 3%).观察组的正中神经、尺神经、胫后神经、腓总神经、腓肠、腓浅神经传导速度(NCV)及波幅明显低于正常对照组,感觉神经异常率高于运动神经,下肢异常率高于上肢.各神经传导速度与酒精摄入总量(TLDE)呈负相关.结论酒精对周围神经的毒性呈剂量依赖性.神经电生理检查能敏感地评价慢性酒精中毒患者的周围神经受损程度.     

45例正中神经腕管卡压神经电生理检测与临床分析

目的探讨正中神经腕管卡压(CTS)神经电生理检测价值。方法对临床的症状及体征符合CTS的45例患者行正中神经运动神经的传导速度与尺神经运动神经的传导速度检测;桡神经与正中神经拇指-腕感觉潜伏期时差值;正中神经与尺神经无名指-腕感觉潜伏期时差值;双侧正中神经F波的检测;拇短展肌、小指展肌的肌电图检测。结果 45例患者中63只异常,双侧病变18例,单侧病变27例,正中神经运动末端潜伏期延长或(及)传导速度减慢异常率31.5%,波幅减低异常率28.3%;正中神经拇指-腕感觉神经潜伏期延长异常率71.5%;合并波幅减低者异常率占79.3%;正中神经环指-腕感觉神经传导潜伏期延长异常率81.6%,合并波幅减低异常率89.4%;正中神经F波异常率33.6%;拇短展肌呈神经源性改变异常率20.1%。结论神经电生理的常规检测联合运用感觉神经潜伏期时差值法对CTS有更敏感、更精确的诊断价值。     

20例慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病患者的肌电图分析

目的 探讨肌电图对慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的诊断价值.方法 对20例慢性酒精中毒患者进行肌电图检查,检测运动神经传导速度和感觉神经传导速度以及观察肌肉在静息、轻收缩、重收缩时的情况.结果 四肢运动和感觉传导速度较正常值有不同程度的减慢.但感觉神经受累较运动神经重,下肢受累较上肢重.肌肉检查可见不同程度的神经源性损害表现.结论 肌电图对慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的检查为临床诊断提供客观准确的依据.     

糖尿病周围神经病病情分级与电生理的相关性

目的探讨糖尿病周围神经病病情分级与电生理的相关性。方法依据糖尿病性周围神经病的诊断标准确定入选对象;依据糖尿病周围神经病病情分级对入选对象进行临床分级;应用丹麦产DANTEC CANTATA型肌电图仪,进行运动神经和感觉神经传导功能检查。结果腓肠神经、正中神经诱发感觉动作电位波幅(SNAP)和腓总神经复合肌肉动作电位波幅(CMAP)随病情分级的升高而明显减低(P<0.05);腓肠神经、正中神经感觉传导速度(SCV)和腓总神经、正中神经运动传导速度(MCV)3级与1、2两级比较显著减慢(P<0.05)。结论神经电生理改变,尤其感觉神经电生理改变,易此作为糖尿病周围神经病情程度评定的指标。     

48例腕管综合征患者的神经电生理与临床分析

目的分析48例腕管综合征（CTS）患者的神经电生理检查结果,以探讨其临床意义。方法神经电生理检查共测定48例腕管综合征患者83条受累正中神经的运动神经电位、感觉神经电位及80块拇短展肌肌电图检查。结果本组48例腕管综合征患者的83条受累正中神经电生理检查结果以正中神经感觉电位测定异常明显,表现为正中神经与尺神经环指感觉电位（SNAP）潜伏期（LAT）差值增大75条（94％）,感觉电位波幅降低74条（89％）,感觉神经传导速度（SCV）减慢53条（64％）。而运动电位检测则以运动神经远端潜伏期（DML）延长明显有37条（45％）。80块拇短展肌的肌电图检查中有28块（35％）呈神经源性损害改变．为放松状态出现自发电位且伴募集时电位数量减少。同时根据神经电生理检查结果进行分期,48例腕管综合征患者83条受累正中神经中属于正中神经早期受累47条,中期受累33条,晚期受累3条。结论神经电生理检查有利于临床腕管综合征患者的早期诊断,并且根据神经电生理检查分期对其临床治疗方案的采取具有一定的指导意义。     

60例腕管综合征患者的神经电生理检测与临床分析

目的 探讨腕管综合征(CTS)患者的神经电生理特征.方法 对临床症状、体征符合CTS的60例患者进行正中神经、尺神经的运动和感觉传导速度测定,及拇短展肌、小指展肌的肌电图检测.结果 60例患者中,双侧病变18例,单侧病变42例.60例CTS患者中78条正中神经感觉传导潜伏期均延长和感觉传导速度均减慢,60条正中神经感觉诱发波幅降低,74条正中神经运动远端潜伏期延长,4条正中神经运动远端潜伏期和诱发波幅正常.58块正中神经支配的拇短展肌呈神经源性损害.结论 神经电生理检查在CTS的诊断与鉴别诊断中有重要意义.     

多灶性运动神经病神经电生理分析

目的探讨神经电生理在多灶性运动神经元病(multifocal motor neuropathy,MMN)诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析我院已确诊为MMN的10例患者的电生理检查情况。结果以上肢的正中神经、尺神经运动神经的持续性、多灶性传导阻滞和伴有与传导阻滞相关性分布的肌电图的神经源性损害为特点的神经电生理改变是MMN患者的特征性改变。结论神经电生理检查有助于MMN的诊断和与其他有相似临床表现的疾病的鉴别诊断。     

神经型布氏杆菌病周围神经损害的临床与电生理研究

目的研究神经型布氏杆菌病周围神经损害的临床特征,探讨电生理对其的诊断价值。方法对32例神经型布氏杆菌病周围神经损害患者(病例组)和32名性别及年龄与病例组匹配的正常对照组进行神经电生理检查,并对所得检查结果进行统计学分析。结果病例组与对照组在运动末梢潜伏期(distal motor latency,DML)、复合肌肉动作电位(compound motor active potentials,CMAP)波幅、运动神经传导速度(motor nerve conduction velocity,MCV)、感觉神经动作电位潜伏期(sensory nerve action potential latency,SL)、感觉神经动作电位(sensory nerve action potential,SNAP)波幅及感觉神经传导速度(sensory nerve conduction velocity,SCV)方面的比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。电生理检查提示上下肢周围神经损害,感觉神经及运动神经均受累,其中感觉神经占55.47%,运动神经占16.80%,上肢以正中神经(64条)最多见,下肢以腓肠神经(16条)最多见。四肢运动神经256条中43条传导速度减慢,占16.80%,四肢感觉神经256条中142条传导速度减慢,占55.47%,SCV较MCV改变明显,上肢病变重于下肢。结论神经电生理检查为神经型布氏杆菌病周围神经损害的临床诊断提供了客观依据。     

Respective importance of different nerve conduction velocities in leprosy

Motor and sensory nerve conduction studies were performed in the distal part of the ulnar, median and radial nerves of 12 tuberculoid and 12 lepromatous leprosy patients, compared with 15 normal subjects. Slowing of sensory conduction velocity (SCV) was shown in all nerves with no difference between tuberculoid and lepromatous patients. The radial SCV slowing is correlated (P < 0.001) with the clinical findings. Impairment of motor distal latencies was observed only in tuberculoid patients. It is concluded that the radial SCV is the most reliable conduction test and is proposed as an early diagnostic test for leprosy.     

磁刺激运动诱发电位在多发性周围神经病中的诊断价值

对１２例多发性周围神经病患者进行磁刺激运动诱发电位（ＭＥＰ）测定，同时测定感觉神经传导速度（ＳＣＶ）、运动神经传导速度（ＭＣＶ）及Ｆ波。结果发现，ＭＥＰ潜伏期异常率为７５％，高于ＳＣＶ（６６．７％）和ＭＣＶ（５８．２％）及Ｆ波（６０％）；至少有１项ＭＥＰ指标异常者１１例，占９１．７％。分析认为，ＭＥＰ异常率较高的原因在于它可以对包括神经根在内的周围神经全长进行测定。将ＭＥＰ各项指标综合分析可提高ＭＥＰ的阳性率。ＭＥＰ对周围神经病是一项有较大价值的辅助检查手段。     

多灶性运动神经病的临床表现及肌电图特征

目的 探讨多灶性运动神经病(multifocal motor neuropathy,MMN)的临床表现及肌电图(electromyography,EMG)特征.方法 选择2016 年6 月至2019 年12 月南京医科大学附属南京医院(南京市第一医院)收治的7 例MMN 患者,对其临床资料及神经电生理检查结果进行回顾性...     

Multifocal motor neuropathy

Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) was first described in 1988 as a purely motor neuropathy affecting multiple motor nerves. The diagnosis was based entirely on demonstrating electrophysiological evidence of a conduction block (CB) that selectively affected motor axons, with sparing of sensory axons even through the site of motor CB. Subsequently, a similar disorder was reported but with absence of demonstrable CB on routine nerve conduction studies and there is still some debate as to whether MMN without CB is related to MMN. MMN is thought to be an inflammatory neuropathy related to an immune attack on motor nerves. The conventional hypothesis is that the primary pathology is segmental demyelination, but recent research raises the possibility of a primary axonopathy. Anti-GM1 antibodies can be found in some patients but it is unclear whether these antibodies are pathogenic. Intravenous immunoglobulin is the mainstay of treatment but other immunosuppressive treatments can also be effective.     

The effect of treatment upon temporal dispersion in IvIg responsive multifocal motor neuropathy

BACKGROUND: Multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block (MMN) is a treatable disorder that can be mistaken for other lower motor neurone syndromes. Existing electrophysiological diagnostic criteria for MMN are restrictive. In particular, many are cautious about diagnosing conduction block (CB) in the presence of abnormal temporal dispersion (TD). OBJECTIVE: To study the significance of TD in MMN, its relationship to CB in intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) responsive patients, and its utility in detecting a treatment response. METHODS: We compared pre- and post-treatment changes in CB and TD in nine patients who satisfied clinical and electrophysiological criteria for MMN and responded to IvIg. RESULTS: TD improved in one or more nerve segments in eight of nine patients tested. There was marked improvement in 65% of all nerve segments, and 60% of those segments with CB. By comparison, significant improvement in CB occurred in only 33% of segments. Of segments with significantly better CB after treatment, all but one showed similar improvements in TD. Such changes were not related to the degree of TD before treatment, being seen in segments with abnormal as well as normal TD. There was no correlation between improvements seen in TD and CB. CONCLUSION: We believe that TD should be considered an inherent feature of MMN. Improvement in TD is an independent marker of electrophysiological improvement in this disorder and is likely to be more useful than CB. When MMN is clinically suspected, the use of stringent criteria for CB in the presence of TD should be avoided.     

多发性硬化周围神经病变的电生理评价

目的研究多发性硬化(MS)患者的周围神经病变，并评价神经电生理技术的应用价值。方法采用神经传导速度(NCV)技术检测MS患者周围神经的运动传导速度(MCV)、感觉传导速度(SCV)及其潜伏期；采用运动诱发电位(MEP)检测正中神经和胫神经的潜伏期；采用F波检测正中神经的出现率和传导速度。结果MS患者NCV均不同程度地减慢，MCV的异常率高于SCV，NCV结果提示轴突损害比脱髓鞘显著。MEP测得肘点和腰4点的潜伏期延长，提示正中神经远端和腰骶神经根功能的损害。部分患者F波的出现率降低．提示周围神经根功能异常。结论MS患者存在周围神经病变；综合运用电生理技术可以全面地评价MS周围神经功能。     

Activity-dependent conduction block in multifocal motor neuropathy

Previous studies suggested that activity-dependent conduction block (CB) contributes to weakness in multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN). Obtaining more robust evidence for activity-dependent CB is important because it may be a novel target for treatment strategies. We performed nerve conduction studies in 22 nerve segments of 19 MMN patients, before and immediately after 60 seconds of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the relevant muscle. We employed supramaximal electrical stimulation, excluded nerves with marked axonal loss, and adopted criteria for activity-dependent CB. Per segment, the segmental area ratio [area proximal compound muscle action potential (CMAP)/area distal CMAP] was calculated and, per nerve, total area ratio (area CMAP at Erb's point/area distal CMAP) was obtained. MVC induced no changes in mean area ratios and induced no activity-dependent CB. In segments with CB before MVC, the MVC induced increased duration prolongation. In MMN, MVC induced temporal dispersion but no activity-dependent CB.     

Multifocal motor neuropathy mimicking motor neuron disease: nine cases.

Multifocal motor neuropathy with persistent conduction block (MMN) is a rare clinical entity, mimicking motor neuron disease (MND). In order to research which are the most frequent nerves and segments where conduction block (CB) can be identified, we reviewed the clinical and neurophysiological data of nine patients with MMN who were studied and followed by the authors. Weakness and muscle atrophy of the dominant hand was the most frequent presentation. Lower limbs were involved later in the disease evolution. The ulnar and median nerves were the most affected nerves. They had conduction blocks mostly at the forearm and at Erb's point-elbow (or above elbow) segments. Both common peroneal and tibial nerves were frequently affected at their distal segments, but proximal segments were also probably involved. The presence of anti-GM1 antibodies was variable, and their determination was not essential for the diagnosis of MMN. Eight patients given IV immunoglobulin therapy had no disease progression. One patient was responsive to corticosteroids. The CB identification in our patients allowed us to clearly distinguish MMN from MND. The good prognosis and need for management with IV immunoglobulin, support the crucial role of a careful neurophysiological study to diagnose this clinical entity.     

糖尿病性周围神经病患者的神经电图改变

目的 观察糖尿病性周围神经病（DPN）患者神经电图的改变。方法 对78例DPN患者进行神经电图检查,包括运动神经传叶速发（MCV）、感觉神经传导速度（SCV）和F波检查。结果 共检查78例患者的468条神经,其中MCV减慢166条,MCV减慢合并远端潜伏期延长39条,异常率43．8％;SCV减慢175条,末引出电位75条,SCV减慢兼远端潜伏期延长26条,异常率58．9％．检查102条神经的F波,其中异常66条,异常率为64．7％,12条神经（11．8％）F波时间离散度增加。结论 神经电图是诊断DPN的敏感及特异性的检查,多个参数相结合有助于提高阳性检出率。