Latex allergy in Polish nurses

BACKGROUND: Reports on the studies conducted in Western Europe and North America revealed that from 2.8 to 16.9% of the health care personnel were allergic to latex. No respective data are available from Eastern European countries. METHODS: A postal questionnaire inquiring about the history of latex-induced allergic reactions was distributed among 3,750 nurses. The participation rate was 77.3%. To verify the results of the survey, in randomly selected nurses, skin prick tests with latex and tropical fruit allergens, evaluation of total IgE, and specific anti-latex IgE, skin and nasal provocation with latex were performed. RESULTS: Allergic symptoms in the workplace were reported by 1,016 subjects (35%); out of this group 847 (29.2%) persons associated the symptoms with latex exposure. The group of cases with self-reported latex allergy revealed a significantly increased frequency of history of atopy, allergy to beta-lactam antibiotics and tropical fruits. Allergy to latex was confirmed in 33.3% of randomly selected nurses with a positive history of occupational allergy. It was found that 18.6% of nurses working at hospital wards were allergic to latex. The 95% CI was estimated to be 13.5-23.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Latex allergy is an important health problem among nurses in Poland. Atopy, allergy to beta-lactam antibiotics and tropical fruits, are the risk factors for latex allergy.     

Quality of life associated factors in Chileans hospitals nurses

This study is focused on knowing the Quality of Life of hospital nurses, and associated factors. People surveyed are composed of 100 female nurses from a hospital, eighth region, Chile. The measuring method is a questionnaire--oriented to know bio-social-demographic variables that influence nurses--and the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life measuring scale, validated in Chilean population. Results show that Domain Social Relationship (mean=77.38) is perceived as the best by female nurses, and Physical as the worst (mean=54.56). Global Quality of Life is seen as "Good" (mean=3.99) and Health Quality of Life is perceived as "Conforming" (mean=3.97). Variables predicted for Quality of Life are: age, couple situation and night shifts. Given the results, being a female nurse, and her threefold role; new studies for deeper research, especially on those variables that were not statistically relevant, are suggested.     

云南三甲医院护士职业压力与心血管病危险因素相关研究

摘要:目的　了解云南省三甲医院高职业压力护士的职业压力与心血管疾病危险因素的相关性。方法　对云南省三级甲等医院高职业压力科室ICU、急诊、手术室、儿科及神经外科的护士采用两阶段随机抽样方法,抽取313名护士进行问卷调查及体检。结果　云南省三甲医院高职业压力科室护士的职业任务问卷（ORQ）得分对高血压（OR＝1.04,95%CI:1.00～1.08）和总胆固醇升高（OR＝1.04,95%CI:1.01～1.08）均有影响;体应变能力问卷（PRQ）得分对高密度脂蛋白降低（OR＝1.03,95%CI:1.01～1.05）有影响。结论　云南省三级甲等医院高职业压力科室的护士面临着较重的职业压力,心血管疾病患病风险高,并且二者存在相关性,必须积极采取综合性措施减轻其职业压力,从而降低心血管疾病患病风险。     

综合医院感染控制联络护士的职责及相关影响因素

目的 明确综合医院感染控制联络护士(ICLN)的职责和影响因素。方法 采用范围综述的方法,系统检索相关数据库,检索时间从建库至2023年3月18日,对纳入文献进行规范化报告。结果 共纳入文献36篇,ICLN的角色职责包括准入标准、选拔方式和工作职责。ICLN的影响因素包括培训、赋权、绩效考核、持续改进措施和人员配置。设置ICLN后,能降低医院感染发病率、多重耐药菌检出率,提高医务人员手卫生依从率及医院环境监测率,并规范医院环境清洁消毒。结论 ICLN对预防和控制医院感染的发生具有一定作用,但需要进一步规范和完善ICLN的管理和应用,对其有效性进行深入研究,从而促进ICLN的发展,提升医院感染管理的质量与水平。     

荆州市两所医院护士睡眠质量及其相关因素调查分析

目的了解护士睡眠质量并分析影响睡眠的相关因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法,以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、爱泼沃斯思睡量表（ESS）以及睡眠质量影响因素调查表评定两所三级甲等医院护士的睡眠情况和影响因素。结果发出问卷290份,收回有效问卷245份。PSQI得分（5．88±3．46）分,27．3％的护士睡眠质量较差。ESS得分与PSQI睡眠指数呈明显的负相关,ESS评分越高,护士睡眠质量越差。结论采取措施,改善环境,提高睡眠质量,加强护理人员的睡眠知识教育。     

Working condition factors associated with time pressure of nurses in Japanese hospitals

In Japan, the most common reason for medical errors is a lack of cross-checking. To prevent errors, efforts to strengthen cross-checking behaviors are being adopted. However, time pressures also lead to errors, and increasing cross-checking activities leads to an increased workload and even greater time pressures. The purpose of this study was to identify working conditions that lead to time pressure for nurses, and to find ways to reduce time pressure and prevent subsequent errors. Self-reporting questionnaires were distributed over 10 days to 416 nurses working in 17 wards at two hospitals; 357 nurses (85.8%) responded anonymously, providing data on 2,150 person-days. In multivariate analyses, medical support services and the number of nurse calls answered were associated with subjective assessments of time pressures and nursing service delays due to busyness. Moreover, working the "evening-day shift" (when a nurse works a day shift after working the evening shift with no days off in between) led to a high level of fatigue before work and was associated with nursing service delays due to busyness. Reducing time pressures and preventing errors requires an adequate number of nurses, shift plans that consider rest periods and order of rotation, increased task discretion for nurses, and the prevention of chronic fatigue.     

济南市医院手术室护士职业紧张及影响因素研究

目的 调查济南市医院手术室护士职业紧张及影响因素,为控制和缓解手术室护士职业紧张提供参考.方法 于2021年3月对济南市6所医院手术室护士进行职业紧张情况调查,采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)获取手术室护士的职业任务评分、个体紧张反应评分、个体变应能力评分,收集手术室护士人口学资料,分析手术室护士职业紧张的影响因素.结果...     

我国政府举办公立医院的理论依据和职责研究

根据人权理论、价值观、福利经济学、人力资本、公共产品等基本理论,公平提供基本医疗卫生服务、保障人群健康是政府不可推卸的责任,而举办公立医院,是政府履行保障人群健康职责的有效途径之一。根据社会组织学、公共选择、社会主义优越性等理论,我国公立医院具有公益属性,应当承担社会功能和责任。政府为公立医院提供良好的政治、经济、政策环境,是促使公立医院体现公益性、履行社会责任的重要保证,也是政府履行职责的表现形式。然而,目前我国各级政府及其相关部门在履行举办公立医院的职责方面存在许多问题,主要有：各级政府之间的职责没有完全理清;政府相关部门没有理顺关系,存在多头管理问题;卫生、财政、人事、物价等政府主要相关部门对公立医院的监管、经费投入、编制核定、医疗服务价格制定等职责落实不到位。     

三甲医院护理人员遭受职场暴力现状及影响因素

目的了解天津市三甲医院护士遭受职场暴力现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样方法,抽取天津市39所三级甲等医院4 397名护士进行问卷调查,收集其基本资料及所遭受职场暴力情况,对影响职场暴力发生的相关因素进行分析。结果回收有效问卷3 755份,有效率为85.3%;3 755名护士中有2 320人曾遭受职场暴力,暴力发生率为61.7%;其中有1 620名(69.8%)护士在白班时间遭受过职场暴力,有1 364名(58.7%)护士在病房遭受过暴力事件;单因素分析结果显示,年龄、参加工作时间、工作科室、职称、初始学历、婚姻、薪酬、编制、户籍情况以及薪酬与劳动强度匹配程度会影响医院暴力的发生;多因素 logistic 回归分析结果显示,与手术室比较,急诊科(OR=26.23,95%CI=14.31~48.10)和老年科(OR=17.59,95%CI=9.16~33.77)护士职场暴力发生率最高;与外地户籍护士相比,本地户籍护士职场暴力发生率较高(OR=1.34,95%CI=1.05~1.71);认为劳动强度与薪酬非常匹配会降低护士遭受职场暴力的风险(OR=0.36,95%CI=0.22~0.59)。结论护士遭受职场暴力事件频发,应引起有关部门重视,并采取相应措施减少暴力发生,维护护士的身心健康。     

Latex sensitization in health care workers and in the US general population

Sensitization to natural rubber latex is a prerequisite to type I immediate hypersensitivity reactions (urticaria, angioedema, anaphylaxis, and allergic rhinitis) that result from subsequent latex exposure. This study examines occupations in which latex glove use is common to determine whether it is associated with increased prevalence odds of latex sensitization (measured by latex-specific immunoglobulin E antibodies) by using data from 5,512 adults aged 17--60 years from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988--1991). After other factors associated with latex sensitization were controlled for, there was a nonsignificant association between longest-held jobs in health care and latex sensitization (odds ratio (OR) = 1.49, 95 percent confidence interval (CI): 0.92, 2.40). For current occupations, latex sensitization was not associated with health care work in which gloves were used (OR = 1.17, 95 percent CI: 0.51, 2.65) or with other occupations in which latex glove use is common (OR = 1.01, 95 percent CI: 0.49, 2.07) compared with other occupations. Current health care workers who reported not using gloves were at increased risk of latex sensitization, both among those without a history of childhood atopy (OR = 2.30, 95 percent CI: 1.04, 5.13) and those with such a history (OR = 28.04, 95 percent CI: 3.64, 215.97). This odds ratio heterogeneity suggests that subjects with childhood atopy may be at high risk of latex sensitization.     

Musculoskeletal complaints and psychosocial risk factors among Chinese hospital nurses

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal complaints represent a common occupational problem for health care workers throughout the world. Despite their sizeable numbers, however, few epidemiological studies have investigated musculoskeletal complaints among Chinese hospital nurses. Objective To assess the prevalence of, and risk factors for, musculoskeletal complaints among hospital nurses in mainland China. METHODS: A total of 282 female, registered nurses were surveyed (92% response rate) using a modified Chinese-language version of the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Body sites were divided into the neck, shoulder, upper back and lower back regions. RESULTS: The 12 month period-prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints at any of the four regions was 70%. The lower back was the most commonly reported body site (56%), followed by the neck (45%), shoulder (40%) and upper back (37%). High mental pressure, boring or tedious tasks and limited work support were identified as significant risk factors (adjusted odds ratios: 1.79-2.52). No correlations were found between manual handling or perceived physical exertion and increased reporting of musculoskeletal complaints. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that musculoskeletal complaints are prevalent among Chinese hospital nurses. The correlation with various psychosocial factors is also consistent with evidence from other countries.     

介入护士潜在职业危险因素的分析及防护

目的探讨介入护士潜在的职业危险因素,采取有效措施进行防护。方法深入分析介入护士的工作性质、所处环境和面临的各种现状,以减轻职业危害。结果提高了护理人员对职业危险因素的认识,使各项防护对策逐项落到实处,有效降低了职业危险因素的损害。结论重视介入工作的职业危险因素,加强管理,安全操作,注重防护,将职业危害降至最低。     

Operating room nursing and lung cancer risk in a cohort of female registered nurses

OBJECTIVES: Smoke generated during laser surgery and electrocautery contains respiratory irritants and human carcinogens. Although laboratory and animal studies have demonstrated that this smoke has inflammatory and mutagenic potential, no population-based studies of the health effects of exposure to surgical smoke have been published. We examined the association between duration of employment as an operating room nurse, a proxy measure for surgical smoke exposure, and subsequent lung cancer risk. METHODS: This study was conducted among 86 747 women in the Nurses' Health Study. Information on the duration of prior operating room employment was collected in 1984, and the women were followed for incident, confirmed lung cancer. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to model the incidence rate ratio of lung cancer for each exposure category using women with no prior operating room employment for comparison. All of the models were adjusted for age, smoking history, passive smoke exposure, fruit and vegetable consumption, and alpha carotene and lycopene intake. RESULTS: A history of operating room employment was not associated with an increased rate of lung cancer in multivariable analyses [rate ratio (RR) 0.99, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.86-1.15]. In fact, nurses in the highest exposure category, > or =15 years of operating room employment, had a significantly lower rate of lung cancer than nurses with no prior operating room employment (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.37-0.91), possibly due to confounding by overall health status or residual confounding by smoking history. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to surgical smoke, as measured by the duration of operating room employment, does not appear to increase the risk of lung cancer.     

ICU病房护理人员职业相关腰背痛及其危险因素

目的探讨ICU病房护理人员职业相关腰背痛（OLBP）的发生情况及相关的危险因素。方法以某市5家综合性医院ICU病房护士为观察组，普通病房护士为对照组进行横断面调查，发放OLBP问卷调查，并对其中一家医院ICU病房进行现场录像，采用Win OWAS和Bless Pro2．0软件做姿势负荷和生物力学负荷计算。结果ICU病房护士OLBP现患率（87％）、发作频率（每月1次以上者占48％）以及因OLBP误工率（7％）与对照组（分别为60％、32％、2％）比较均明显升高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）。ICU病房护士典型护理操作危险姿势发生频率依次为观察引流（99％）、在床上搬抬患者（90％）、静脉操作（75％）、吸痰（75％）、调整输液量（6％）；调整输液量、吸痰、静脉操作、观察引流量、在床上搬抬患者的腰椎间盘压力（Fc）比值为100：155：199：301：418。结论ICU病房护士OLBP患病率高，高频率弯腰、扭转姿势和在床上搬抬患者是主要的危险因素。     

汕头市护士锐器伤流行特征及危险因素探讨

目的了解汕头市护士锐器伤的动态和现状,为制订锐器伤预防措施提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查法对汕头市7家(含市级、区级和镇级)医院的护士进行锐器伤调查并进行流行特征的相关分析。结果共调查护士1 314人,1 039人有过锐器伤经历,占总数的79.07%。最近一个月内发生锐器伤749次,锐器伤月发生率为0.57次/人.月,其中市级、区级、镇级医院月发生率分别为0.64次/人.月(299/468)、0.57次/人.月(253/443)和0.49次/人.月(197/403),3率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。749次锐器伤中有48.46%(363次)是在操作后整理用物时发生的,治疗室是锐器伤发生的主要地点(占40.1%),其次是急诊室(占27.8%)。锐器伤主要发生于加班及快下班时,占57.2%,更换陌生工作环境也占了24.3%。在不同操作行为所致锐器伤中,将使用过的针头回套所致锐器伤最多,占21.89%,其次是整理用过的针头及注射器占15.10%。结论汕头市护士锐器伤发生较为普遍,但可通过在职教育和行为干预来有效预防。     

护士人群健康生产力受损现状及相关因素研究

目的 探讨护士人群健康生产力损失现状及相关影响因素.方法 采用美国斯坦福健康生产力受损量表(SPS-6)和自制调查问卷对长春市某三甲医院1122名在职护士进行健康生产力损失现状调查,定量分析健康生产力损失现状及其相关影响因素.结果 1122名研究对象中,在编护士年龄、工作年限均显著大于聘用护士(Z=-19.49、-19.28,P＜0.05).SPS-6量表平均得分(20.05±4.37)分.在婚护士得分明显低于婚姻状况为其他者(Z=-3.52,P＜0.05);年龄小于30岁的护士得分明显高于30岁以上者(Z=-2.49,P＜0.05).文化程度及科室类别不同的护士SPS-6得分间差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.37,x2=0.58;P ＞0.05).GLM多因素分析结果显示:编制性质、工作年限是影响护士健康生产力受损程度的独立因素,在编护士得分明显低于聘用制护士(x2=4.48,P＜0.05);工作年限为3年以下者得分明显高于工作年限为3年及以上者(x2=12.89,P＜0.05).结论 护理人员中存在健康生产力受损,加强在编护士管理,提高护士健康水平,将有助于减低生产力损失.