乳腺腺肌上皮瘤的临床病理学观察

目的 探讨乳腺腺肌上皮瘤的临床病理诊断、治疗和预后.方法 应用光镜及免疫组化染色对5例乳腺腺肌上皮瘤进行临床病理诊断、分型、治疗及预后分析, 同时复习相关文献.结果 5例均发生于女性,均为良性肿瘤,年龄29～37岁,平均33.2岁.1例为实体型,1例为腺管型,3例为小叶型.镜下见肿瘤由增生的腺上皮和肌上皮两种成分构成, 前者构成管状结构的内层, 后者构成管状结构的外层以及实性区域.前者表达CK、EMA、MUC-1, 后者表达SMA、S-100、p63、Calponin.随访5例6～12年肿瘤均无复发或转移.结论 乳腺AME是一种罕见而独特的病变, 多数属于良性肿瘤, 预后通常较好, 手术仍是最好的治疗手段,其诸多方面的问题尚有待于进一步探讨.     

乳腺腺肌上皮瘤

１临床资料患者，女性，３５岁，已婚。无意中发现左乳外上限有一核桃大小肿块，质偏硬，轻度触痛，抗炎治疗无效。同侧腋窝未触及肿大淋巴结。临床诊断：左乳肿块，乳腺癌待排除。遂行肿块切除术。２病理检查２１肉眼观察结节状组织４ｃｍ×３５ｃｍ×３ｃｍ大小，灰...     

乳腺腺肌上皮腺病及腺肌上皮瘤

腺肌上皮腺病(adenomyoepithelialadenosis,AMEA)为乳腺腺病的一种特殊类型,非常少见,其特征为病变由增生的腺上皮和肌上皮组成,以肌上皮增生为主。如果病变形成境界明显的肿块,一般称之为腺肌上皮瘤(adenomyoepitheli oma,AME)。由于AMEA肿物无包膜,并有推进性边缘,故常误诊为     

男性乳腺腺肌上皮瘤1例

患者男性 ,4 1岁。因左乳头旁肿块多年 ,胀痛 1个月入院。体检 :左侧乳头旁触及 4cm× 3cm× 3cm包块 ,质硬 ,可活动 ,表面尚光滑。行手术切除 ,术中见境界清楚包块 ,质硬。病理检查　眼观 :灰粉不整形组织 1枚 ,3cm× 2cm× 2cm ,似有包膜 ,切面颜色灰白灰红相间 ,质硬。镜检 :圆形和椭圆形的上皮细胞腺管周围围以片状和束状排列的肌上皮细胞 ,呈圆形、多边形及梭形 ,部分肌上皮细胞胞质透亮 ,与其中间的腺上皮细胞深染的胞质形成反差。腺上皮形成大小不一的腺管 ,内有嗜伊红的分泌物。肌上皮的数量大大超过腺上皮的数量。肿瘤细胞轻度异型…     

乳腺恶性腺肌上皮瘤临床病理学观察

目的 探讨乳腺恶性腺肌上皮瘤(adenomyoepithelioma,AME)的临床及病理学特点、诊断及鉴别诊断.方法 运用HE染色、镜检及免疫组化染色对3例AME进行临床病理学分析,并复习相关文献.结果 肿瘤主要形态特征是由肌上皮围绕腺上皮构成的管腔所形成的双层套管结构.2种上皮有不同程度的增生,呈巢团状.肿块呈浸润性生长,细胞异型性明显,核分裂多见.免疫组化表达结果具有双相性,腺上皮表达CK8、CK18、EMA等,肌上皮表达SMA、S-100、p63等.肿瘤细胞ER、PR、Her-2阴性,CK5/6和(或)EGFR有不同程度的阳性表达,具有基底样型乳腺癌的免疫表型.结论 恶性AME十分罕见,应与乳腺肌上皮癌、化生癌、肉瘤等多种肿瘤相鉴别,其组织学特点及免疫组化表型是诊断的关键.     

乳腺腺肌上皮瘤

乳腺腺肌上皮瘤(adenomyoepithelioma,AME)被用于诊断由上皮和肌上皮细胞增生形成的肿瘤。作者复习了35例诊断为AME或诊断中提及AME的会诊病例,目的是为了更好地界定AME的诊断标准和预后意义。该组病例中AME23例、伴有明显肌上皮增生的乳头状瘤8例、乳头腺瘤2例、化生性肿瘤2例     

涎腺恶性肌上皮瘤临床病理分析

目的分析涎腺原发性恶性肌上皮瘤临床表现、形态特征和生物学行为。方法对16例涎腺恶性肌上皮瘤组织进行HE染色和免疫组织化学染色,并进行回顾性分析。免疫组织化学采用EnVision法,所用抗体包括肌动蛋白、细胞角蛋白(CK)、上皮膜抗原(EMA)、波形蛋白、S-100、结蛋白、肌特异性肌动蛋白(MSA)、平滑肌肌动蛋白(SMA)、肌红蛋白,增殖细胞核抗原、白细胞共同抗原和胶质纤维酸性蛋白。结果16例中男性6例,女性10例,年龄12～65岁,平均44岁。肿瘤主要发生于腮腺和腭部小涎腺。临床上主要表现为快速生长或生长突然加速的局部包块,可有溃疡形成、骨质破坏和神经侵犯。16例中7例为复发病例,2例有颌下或颈部淋巴结转移。大部分肿物侵犯周围涎腺组织或邻近脂肪、肌肉、骨组织,侵入程度不一。肿瘤细胞形态多样化,有透明、梭形、上皮样、浆细胞样型和混合型,有一定细胞异型性,核分裂象较多。肿瘤以透明细胞型为主,占9例。免疫组织化学示瘤细胞CK、EMA、MSA、结蛋白、S-100阳性。结论涎腺恶性肌上皮瘤为比较少见的低度恶性的肿瘤,不易发生淋巴结和远处转移但容易复发,局部软组织和骨组织易受侵犯,生物学行为不一,在组织学的基础上结合免疫组织化学等其他检查可以确诊。     

涎腺肌上皮肿瘤的临床病理及分子病理学特征北大核心CSCD

目的 探讨涎腺肌上皮肿瘤(myoepithelial tumor, MT)的临床病理及分子病理学特征.方法 回顾性分析解放军东部战区总医院病理科2006-2016年手术切除的涎腺肿瘤标本,筛选出37例MT,其中恶性13例,良性24例.所有病例均进行了临床资料采集、组织学形态观察和免疫组织化学染色,并利用荧光原位杂交(FISH)法检测EWSR1基因重排情况,归纳本研究中FISH阳性MT的形态特点以及EWSR1基因重排检测在判断该肿瘤临床生物学行为中的作用.结果 37例MT均发生于腮腺,患者多以无痛性肿块就诊. 13例恶性MT中,男性7例,女性6例,中位年龄62岁;24例良性MT中,男女比5∶7,中位年龄54岁. 37例(100%)MT均广谱细胞角蛋白(CKpan)阳性,并表达p63、S-100蛋白、Calponin、CK14中至少1种肌上皮标志物. 26例检测到EWSR1信号,其中8例(4例恶性MT、4例良性MT)EWSR1分离探针检测阳性.根据MT肿瘤细胞主要形态划分,4例EWSR1重排阳性的恶性MT中,2例呈透明细胞样,2例呈上皮样组织学形态;4例EWSR1重排阳性的良性MT中,有2例呈透明细胞样、1例呈浆细胞样、1例呈梭形细胞形态.结论 MT多发于腮腺,男女发生比例相近. MT均表达CKpan,并至少表达1种肌上皮标志物. EWSR1基因重排存在于一部分MT中,伴有该重排的 MT 形态学特征多样,EWSR1 基因重排检测对于判断该肿瘤临床生物学行为价值不大.     

乳腺恶性肌上皮瘤2例报道及文献复习

探讨原发于乳腺的恶性肌上皮瘤的临床病理学特点及组织发生。方法：２例乳腺岂上皮瘤进行了光镜观察及免疫组化染色。结果：镜下示１例以梭形细胞为主，肿瘤细胞有异形性，中１例透亮细胞为主，２例均未见到腺样结构，核分裂较多。免疫酶标示瘤细胞ＣＫ，ＥＭＡ，ＭＳＡ，ＤＥＳ，Ｓ－１００，ＥＲ，ＰＲ均阳性。     

Malignant adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: a non-tubular and matrix-producing variant

Two women, aged 82 and 58 years old, cases 1 and 2, respectively, with the non-tubular and matrix-producing variant of malignant adenomyoepithelioma (MAM) of the breast are described. The tumors were 20 and 35 mm in diameter, respectively, and had cut surfaces with a tan-white-colored appearance and vague lobulation. Although both tumors showed marked central necrosis and a high level of mitoses, the tumor cells had relatively monomorphous nuclei and exhibited only mild atypia. The invasive component was predominantly trabecular and lobular, and the intraductal component demonstrated a focal-comedo pattern. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells was rather scanty, vacuolar or pale with ill-defined borders. The tumor in case 2 contained intermingled spindle-shaped cells. The stroma of both tumors resembled that of pleomorphic adenoma, containing a myxoid and chondroid matrix and, in case 2, cartilage and mature bone. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses of both tumors revealed dual cytological differentiation, predominantly of myoepithelial cells with secretory epithelial cells intermingled haphazardly. Although these tumors resembled metaplastic carcinomas, particularly matrix-producing carcinomas, they showed marked myoepithelial differentiation without overt tubular differentiation, a pattern quite different from matrix-producing carcinomas and from the adenomyoepitheliomas reported so far. MAM of the breast, non-tubular and matrix-producing variant, resembles epithelioid myoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary gland and has not been reported previously in the English literature.     

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of benign and malignant adenomyoepithelioma: report of two cases.

Cytological features of a malignant spindle-cell variant and a benign tubular variant of adenomyoepithelioma were examined to improve diagnosis of this tumor. Fine-needle aspiration cytology, of both a malignant and a benign case, characterized cellular and cohesive cell clusters composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. The smears of the malignant case were rich in spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells, admixed with a few epithelial cells. In about a fourth of the clusters, atypical cells with enlarged hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli comprised more than 20% of cells. The smears of the benign case were composed of tubular epithelial cells surrounding one to several layers of myoepithelial cells with clear cytoplasm. Mild atypia was occasionally noticed. A review of the literature showed that a cytological diagnosis of malignancy is not warranted, if nuclear atypia is not generally severe. Focal severe atypia is not definitively indicative of benignity or malignancy.     

Immunohistochemical assessment of proliferative activity in mammary adenomyoepithelioma

Aims : Two cases of adenomyoepithelioma of the breast were examined by immunohistochemistry to evaluate proliferative activity of epithelial and myoepithelial components. Methods and results : The tumours showed a bicellular pattern of gland-forming epithelial cells and proliferative myoepithelial cells with clear cytoplasm. They showed foci of monotonous growth of myoepithelial cells devoid of glands with low mitotic rate (1 ∼ 2/10 high-power fields) and mild cytological atypia. Immunohistochemically, the glandular cells were positive for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin (KL-1 and CAM5.2) and carcinoembryonic antigen, whereas tumour cells with clear cytoplasm were reactive with muscle-specific actin (MSA), alpha smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and S100 protein but negative for desmin. Proliferative activities assessed by MIB-1(Ki-67)/MSA positive cell index were greater in myoepithelial cells in both cases (19.2% and 17.7%) as compared to those in epithelial cells (MIB-1/CAM5.2 index: 10.2% and 9.5%). Conclusions : These results might account for the previous findings that myoepithelial components predominate over the epithelial ones in an advanced stage of this tumour as well as in recurrent or metastatic lesions.     

Malignant transformation of adenomyoepithelioma of the breast by a monophasic population: a report of two cases and review of literature

Two cases of adenomyoepithelioma of the breast with malignant transformation by monophasic population of cells are presented. The underlying benign adenomyoepithelioma with typical biphasic architectural pattern was identified and represented at least 30% of the tumor in each case. In both cases, malignant portion of tumor was composed of relatively uniform monophasic population of highly atypical cells. The malignant component in case 1 was positive for pan cytokeratin, myoepithelial markers, and basal‐type cytokeratins and also focally positive for luminal‐type of cytokeratins, but negative for hormone receptors (estrogen and progesterone) and HER‐2/neu protein overexpression. The malignant component in case 2 was positive for spectrum of myoepithelial markers but negative for luminal cytokeratins, hormone receptors and HER‐2/neu protein overexpression. The bilinear immunophenotype in the case 1 suggests that the malignant tumor may have developed from precursor multipotent cells that can differentiate into both luminal epithelial and myoepithelial cells, although malignant component in case 2 appears to be the of pure myoepithelial phenotype.     

Immunohistochemical assessment of proliferative activity in mammary adenomyoepithelioma

Aims: Two cases of adenomyoepithelioma of the breast were examined by immunohistochemistry to evaluate proliferative activity of epithelial and myoepithelial components. Methods and results: The tumours showed a bicellular pattern of gland-forming epithelial cells and proliferative myoepithelial cells with clear cytoplasm. They showed foci of monotonous growth of myoepithelial cells devoid of glands with low mitotic rate (1 ～ 2/10 high-power fields) and mild cytological atypia. Immunohistochemically, the glandular cells were positive for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin (KL-1 and CAM5.2) and carcinoembryonic antigen, whereas tumour cells with clear cytoplasm were reactive with muscle-specific actin (MSA), alpha smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and S100 protein but negative for desmin. Proliferative activities assessed by MIB-1(Ki-67)/MSA positive cell index were greater in myoepithelial cells in both cases (19.2% and 17.7%) as compared to those in epithelial cells (MIB-1/CAM5.2 index: 10.2% and 9.5%). Conclusions: These results might account for the previous findings that myoepithelial components predominate over the epithelial ones in an advanced stage of this tumour as well as in recurrent or metastatic lesions.     

肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤病临床病理特征观察及文献复习

目的探讨肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤病(pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis，PLAM)组织学、免疫组化及预后特点。方法对2例PLAM经支气管肺活检组织，进行组织学观察及免疫组化检测，并复习文献进行研究。结果2例PLAM均为育龄期女性。本病具有一定的形态学和免疫组化特征，肺淋巴管、血管和小气道周围异常平滑肌细胞弥漫性增生，分两种类型：囊肿为主型和平滑肌为主型。2例组织形态学相似，异常平滑肌细胞呈梭形，多边形及上皮样，核大，不规则多形性，可见核仁和核内包涵体，未见核分裂象。免疫组化梭形、多边形及上皮样细胞表达HMB45、SMA、actin和ER、PR阳性。结论PLAM是罕见的肺慢性进行性恶化的肿瘤性疾病。PLAM病理组织学评分(LAM histologic score．LHS)是评价PLAM预后的指标。依据临床和组织学特点，结合免疫组化染色可以作出明确诊断。     

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: a cytologic dilemma. Report of a case and review of the literature

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast is a rare benign tumor made up of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. The cytologic features of this lesion are not well defined. This report describes the cytologic features of a case of adenomyoepthelioma characterized by hypercellularity and the presence of many atypical epithelial cells, leading to the erroneous diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. Review of the cytology literature shows that this condition frequently mimics the cytologic features of a number of benign and malignant breast lesions, thus representing not only an important potential pitfall in the diagnosis of carcinoma but also a differential diagnosis to consider in a variety of breast lesions.     

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of benign adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: radiologic and pathologic correlation in four cases

Benign adenomyoepithelioma of the breast is a rare tumor in which the cytologic findings have been described in only a few cases. While benign, the imaging and pathologic features may be mistaken for malignancy. We report the aspiration biopsy findings in four cases of adenomyoepithelioma with radiologic and histologic correlation. Cytopathologists should familiarize themselves with this entity to avoid a misdiagnosis of carcinoma.     

腹膜浆液性乳头状腺癌4例并临床病理分析

目的探讨腹膜浆液性乳头状腺癌(peritoneal papillary serous carcinoma,PPSC)的临床病理学特征、免疫表型、鉴别诊断及预后。方法对4例PPSC行免疫组化SP法染色及HPV检测,并复习相关文献。结果 4例PPSC均为女性,年龄23~62岁,平均51岁。临床表现多为无特异性的腹部不适,CA125升高,影像学表现为腹腔肿块。镜下肿瘤细胞形成形态不一、大小不等的乳头状结构;肿瘤细胞为低柱状,核质比大,核圆形,核仁大,异型性明显,核分裂象易见。腺体及间质内可见砂砾体。免疫表型:肿瘤细胞CA125、WT1、CK7、p53、CEA、p16均呈阳性,部分肿瘤细胞表达CK5/6、ER、PR;不表达GCDFP-15、CR、D2-40、CK20、Villin、CDX2、TTF1;HPV检测阴性。结论 PPSC是一种少见的原发于腹膜的恶性肿瘤,临床误诊率高,依据其临床和病理组织学特点,结合免疫组化染色可以明确诊断。