综合性护理干预应用于妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症产妇中对妊娠结局、围产儿Apgar评分的影响

目的探讨综合性护理干预应用于妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症产妇中对妊娠结局、围产儿Apgar评分的影响。方法选择2017年6月至2018年1月于我院进行治疗的妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症产妇85例作为研究对象,通过随机数字法分为实验组43例,对照组42例,对照组运用常规护理,实验组运用综合性护理干预。比较两组患者的妊娠结局及围产儿Apgar评分。结果实验组患者胎儿窒息、早产、剖宫产等发生率低于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05),干预后实验组新生儿1 min、10 min Apgar评分高于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论综合性护理干预有助于妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症产妇改善妊娠结局,提高围产儿身体状况。     

联合应用生物物理像评分在产前胎儿监护中的应用

目的:探讨妊娠晚期联合仪器监护,判断胎儿宫内的安危及预后.方法:对276例孕(36 ～42)周的住院孕妇联合应用胎心无负荷试验(NST)及彩超下对胎儿进行生物物理评分(BPS),同时追踪记录产后新生儿1分钟Apgar评分、产时羊水有否污染及围产儿预后.结果:胎心无负荷试验(NST)监测胎儿无反应型组的生物物理评分(BPS)≤5分者的产后羊水污染、1分钟Apgar评分≤7分者发病率明显高于NST反应型组且BPS≥6分组(P＜0.01).结论:联合应用NST及BPS,弥补了单纯NST,BPS预测胎儿的不足,联合监护能提高预测的准确性,为指导临床及时纠正宫内缺氧提供可靠依据.     

过期妊娠合并羊水过少对围产结局的影响

目的探讨过期妊娠合并羊水过少对围产结局的影响。方法选择我院2005年1月至2005年12月住院治疗诊断过期妊娠的产妇298例，其中合并羊水过少88例，对比两组的羊水污染率、剖宫产率、新生儿Apgar’s评分率及围产儿死亡率进行比较分析。结果过期妊娠合并羊水过少的羊水污染率、剖宫产率、新生儿Apgar’s评分率及围产儿死亡率均较过期妊娠羊水量正常组高。结论过期妊娠合并羊水过少对围产结局有严重影响，剖宫产是处理过期妊娠并发羊水过少及降低围产儿死亡率的重要措施。     

3605例胎儿监护分析

对胎儿进行外监测3605例,发现异常图型275例,先天性心脏病1例,监测结果与分娩时羊水情况及Apgar评分进行对照,以观察胎儿有无宫内缺氧。对照结果NST(无负荷试验)符合率达97.61％,NST可疑组、差组及OCT(催产素激惹试验)阳性组经及时处理,无1例发生死胎或死产,大大降低了围产儿病死率,提示胎儿外监护应列为产前常规监测手段。     

153例胎心监护临床分析

目的:研究和探索胎心监护情况和新生儿Apgar评分之间的联系,进一步提高围生期医疗质量。方法:对分娩的孕产妇153例胎心监护情况进行回顾性分析。结果:NST试验结果显示,无反应型和混合型Apgar评分≤7分情况均明显高于反应型组;OCT及CST试验显示,异常组和可疑组Apgar评分≤7分情况均明显高于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:对孕产妇实施产前胎心监护,能够更加准确评估胎儿宫内情况,对预防新生儿窒息和胎儿窘迫具有重要作用。     

无负荷试验联合B超10分钟胎儿生物物理评分评价胎儿预后

目的 探讨妊娠晚期联合仪器监护判断胎儿预后的价值。方法 联合应用胎心无负荷试验（NST）、B超10min胎儿生物物理评分（BPS）对200例妊娠晚期孕妇进行观察。结果 NST可疑和无反应型组BPS3－4分者的发生率比反应型组明显增高。在BPS耿3－4分组中羊水污染、1min Apgar评分≤7分及低体重儿发生率明显高于BPS为5－8分组（P＜0.01)，NST可疑或无反应型与BPS3－4分组预测胎儿预后的特异性、敏感性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为74.8%、81.8%、39.5%、95.4%、95.5%、27.5%、82.6%、71.2%。NST可疑或无反应型联合BPS为3－4分组的特异度、敏感度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值为98.2%、48.5%、84.2%、90.6%。结论 NST与BPS联合应用可提高胎儿宫内缺氧状态的诊断，为指导临床及时纠正宫内缺氧提供可靠依据。     

胎动与胎心监护在诊断胎儿窘迫中的应用

目的　寻找简单而准确的产前评价胎儿安危的监护方法。方法　对 380例自觉胎动异常的晚孕妇女 ,包括胎动过频组 2 6 8例 ,胎动过少组 112例。进行胎心监护。从羊水粪染、新生儿 1min ,5minApgar评分、脐带异常的发生率、围产儿预后等方面进行对比分析。结果　胎动过频组羊水粪染 32例 (11.9% )、新生儿Apgar评分≤ 7分4 9例 (18.3% )、脐带异常 4 7例 (17.5 % ) ;胎动过少组羊水粪染 5 8例 (5 1.8% )、新生儿Apgar评分≤ 7分 75例 (6 6 .9% )、脐带异常 5 6例 (5 0 .6 % ) ,两组对比有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。当胎监连续 2次NST阴性 (无反应型 )时 (14 0例 ) ,无论胎动过频或胎动过少 ,其羊水粪染 5 7例 (4 0 .3% )、新生儿Apgar评分≤ 7分 73例 (5 2 .1% ) ,脐带异常 5 8例 (4 1.4 % ) ,较NST阳性 (有反应型 )时 (2 4 0例 ) ,羊水粪染 33例 (13.8% )、新生儿Apgar评分≤ 7分 5 1例 (2 1.3% )、脐带异常 4 5例 (18.8% ) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。而 2例围产儿死亡均发生在胎动过少组的NST阴性(无反应型 )中。结论　胎动异常且连续 2次NST阴性 (无反应型 )时 ,胎儿预后不良 ,尤其胎动减少伴NST阴性(无反应型 )时 ,可预示胎儿严重缺氧。因此 ,胎动计数配合胎心监护可作为产前诊断胎儿窘迫的有效措施     

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病危险因素的病例对照研究

[目的]通过病例对照研究了解新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)的危险因素.[方法]选择HIE患儿102例,随机选择同期住院的高危非HIE新生儿93例作为对照,从母亲、胎儿、分娩3个方面,列出27个相关因素,进行单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析.[结果]单因素分析有10个因素为危险因素,分别为胎位不正、脐带异常、羊水污染、私人接生、产程延长、吸引产、钳产、1min Apgar评分≤7分、5min Apgar评分≤7分、10min Apgar评分≤7分;多因素分析结果示1min Apgar评分≤7分及钳产是HIE的危险因素;且生后1 min及5 min Apgar评分与HIE程度比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).[结论]单因素分析所得项是HIE的危险因素,多因素分析所得项与HIE的发生关系尤为密切,防治胎儿宫内窘迫,提高产科技术水平及产儿科医护人员的复苏水平,可有效降低或减轻HIE的发生.     

10分钟B超的胎儿生物物理评分的临床观察

10min B超检查胎儿生物物理象评分法,是通过观察胎儿呼吸运动、胎动、胎儿肌张力、羊水量,并把各项变化用2分、1分、0分表示,根据评分结果结合胎心监护来判定胎儿宫内缺氧及预后的一种方法。胎儿预后的指标包括:羊水粪染、产时胎心异常、新生儿出生后1min Apgar小于7分、围产儿死亡。本组检查宫内妊娠大于等于37周孕妇200例,BPS≥7分胎儿预后良好,小于5分预后不良。本组数据证明:10min B超检查的四项胎儿生物物理象弥补了单纯应用NST判断胎儿预后的不足又缩短了监护时间。     

1O分钟B超的胎儿生物物理评分的临床观察

10min B超检查胎儿生物物理象评分法，是通过观察胎儿呼吸运动、胎动、胎儿肌张力、羊水量，并把各项变化用2分、1分、0分表示，根据评分结果结合胎心监护来判定胎儿宫内缺氧及预后的一种方法。胎儿预后的指标包括：羊水粪染、产时胎心异常、新生儿出生后1min Apgar小于7分、围产儿死亡。本组检查宫内妊娠大于等于37用孕妇200例，BPS≥7分胎儿预后良好，小于5分预后不良。本组数据证明：10min B超检查的四项胎儿生物物理象弥补了单纯应用NST判断胎儿预后的不足又缩短了监护时间。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.