典型的皮质基底节变性1例报告

正皮质基底节变性(corticobasal degeneration,CBD)是帕金森综合征中少见的一类,现报道我院1例相关病例,以提供相关临床研究依据。1病例资料患者,男,65岁,因"右侧肢体活动不灵伴震颤1 y余,言语不清、记忆力减退半年余"入院。患者1 y前出现右侧肢体活动不灵,伴手震颤,表现为右手拿筷子手抖,走路姿势异常,患者未在意,上述症状逐渐加重,并出现走路变慢,言语欠流利(找词困难),遂于当地医院就诊,考虑"脑梗死",给予营养神经、改善循环、抗血小板、降血脂等治疗,上述症状稍见好转,出院2～3 m后患者上述症状加重,走路变慢,步     

进行性言语不清、四肢僵直无力萎缩

病历摘要 患者男性,25岁.因进行性言语不清、双侧下肢僵直无力4年,双侧上肢无力萎缩3年,于2007年11月23日人我院治疗.患者4年前(2003年12月)出现言语不清、饮水呛咳及强笑面容,进行性加重,约5个月后(2004年5月)双侧下肢出现肌无力伴僵直,走路拖曳.     

重症肌无力合并干燥综合征和桥本甲状腺炎一例

1 病例报告 患者女,21岁.因"言语不清、四肢无力8个月,加重1个月"于2020-06-05入院.8个月前无明显诱因出现言语不清、四肢无力,病程中伴吮吸无力、吞咽困难,与人交谈过多及进食后症状加重,休息后可缓解.未予重视及诊治.1个月前患者自诉于"上呼吸道感染"后症状加重且伴眼睛干涩及口干,为进一步诊治收入院.     

卒中绿色通道收治的1例静脉窦血栓形成病例报道

<正>1病例介绍患者男性,51岁,因"言语不清4 h加重伴抽搐发作1.5 h"于2017年10月27日以"缺血性卒中"收入吉林大学第一医院。患者入院前4 h无明显诱因出现目光呆滞、言语不清,表现为答非所问、反应迟钝,就诊于吉林大学第一医院急诊,行头颅CT示"双侧多发腔隙性脑梗死",NIHSS评分6分,遂于入院前1.5 h于急诊给予     

橄榄桥脑小脑萎缩2例报告

我院于八七年收治两例橄榄桥脑小脑萎缩(OPCA)病人,报告如下:例1,徐某,男,54岁,进行性加重走路不稳。一年,饮水返呛一个月入院。该患于一年前自觉走路不稳,逐渐加重,但从没跌倒过.同时伴有言语不清,曾在当地按     

口服复方妥英麻黄茶碱片致苯妥英钠中毒性小脑性共计失调3例报告

现报告3例口服平喘药物复方妥英麻黄茶碱片致苯妥英钠中毒如下. 1 病例 1.1 例1女,26岁.因"头晕、恶心、言语不清、走路不稳、视物成双2年"于2006年11月8日入院.2年前患者出现头晕、恶心,未吐,当地医院给予一般治疗后症状缓解.1年前再次出现头晕、恶心,并逐渐出现言语不清、走路不稳、视物模糊,而入本院治疗,当时腰穿脑脊液及头颅MRI检查均未见异常.入院期间出现哮喘发作,给予糖皮质激素治疗,哮喘症状消失后出院.近6个月再次出现上述症状入院.     

土家族脊髓小脑共济失调一家系报道

<正>1 病例报告患者(先证者),女,土家族,51岁。因“进行性步态不稳20余年,伴言语不清5年”入作者医院。患者于30余岁时开始出现双下肢步态不稳,有踩棉花感及踏空感,走路摇晃,不能走直线。病情进行性加重,渐出现双下肢独立行走困难,需拄杖行走。5年前出现言语笨拙,吐字不清,饮水呛咳,无吞咽困难,症状呈进行性加重。目前患者基本卧床,尚能勉强扶走,言语含混不清。病程中有多汗、记忆力下降。查体：血压125/80 mmHg,     

伴"十字征"的橄榄桥小脑萎缩1例报告

1病例资料患者,女,66岁,以"走路不稳4年,饮水呛咳3年,言语不清1年"入院。现病史:患者于2003年5月,无明显诱因出现左腿麻木,走路左腿拖拉,左手持物费力,易向前摔倒。2004年逐渐出现饮水呛咳,吞咽无困难,并出现夜间尿频,每晚如厕5～6次,排尿困难,大便干燥,2～3天1次。2005年     

吸食毒品所致的脑出血1例报道

正神经系统对各种毒素非常敏感,药物滥用已成为青年脑血管病发生的重要原因,但较毒品相关性脑梗死而言,吸毒导致的自发性脑出血较为罕见,国内仅有2例报道。本研究报道吸食毒品导致的脑出血1例,并结合国内外相关文献复习。1病例患者,男,33岁,以"言语不清4 d,右侧肢体活动不灵3d"为主诉入院。患者4 d前无明显诱因出现言语不清,3 d前言语不清加重,伴走路不稳及右侧肢体活动不灵,1 d后患者出现间断性意识不清,胡言乱语,伴左侧颞部发作性头痛,发作不频繁,每次发作时间不详,可忍受,同时伴有发作性头     

Solitaire支架取栓治疗急性大脑中动脉闭塞性脑梗死1例报告

<正>1病例报告患者,女,69岁,因"发作性右手麻木、言语不清9 d,加重伴右侧肢体无力7 h"于2014年7月1日01:18入院。患者于6月21日起反复出现发作性右手麻木,每次持续10余分钟,每日发作4~5次;6月28日出现发作性构音障碍。30日18:30上述症状加重,表现为言语不能及右侧肢体麻木无力;头部MRI提示:左侧放射冠、基底节区、颞叶散在多发异     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.     

Summary of Legislation of 1933 of interest to the Department of Mental Hygiene

Psychiatric Quarterly -