达比加群、华法林分别用于心房颤动患者射频消融术后疗效与安全性的比较

目的:比较达比加群、华法林用于心房颤动患者射频消融术(RFCA)后的疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析141例非瓣膜性心房颤动并拟行RFCA患者资料,按用药的不同分为华法林组(71例)和达比加群组(70例)。华法林组患者入院前曾服华法林者入院后需停用,改为低分子肝素钙注射液100 U/kg,皮下注射,待INR<1.5时行RFCA,术前12 h停用低分子肝素钙注射液;术中静脉注射肝素钙注射液100 U/kg;术后4~6 h口服华法林钠片4.5 mg,每日1次,同时与低分子肝素桥接重叠治疗至少3~5 d;术后每3 d监测1次国际标准化比值(INR),维持INR 2.0~3.0,至少服用华法林3个月。达比加群组患者入院后停用曾服用的抗凝药物,改为口服达比加群酯胶囊110 mg(年龄≥70岁或体质量<60 kg)或150 mg(年龄<70岁或体质量≥60 kg),每日2次;术前24 h停用达比加群酯胶囊,术中用药同华法林组;术后6 h口服达比加群酯胶囊,至少服用3个月。观察两组患者术后第1、3个月总死亡率、脑卒中(短暂性脑缺血,缺血性脑病)发生率、外周血管栓塞率及出血情况。结果:两组患者术后第1、3个月总死亡率、脑卒中发生率、外周血管栓塞率、出血发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:达比加群用于非瓣膜性心房颤动患者RFCA的抗凝疗效和安全性均与华法林相当。     

达比加群酯预防心房颤动患者发生卒中的疗效和安全性分析

目的探讨达比加群酯预防心房颤动患者发生卒中的疗效和安全性。方法选取我院2015年1-12月收治的心房颤动患者200例,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组100例。对照组患者采用华法林治疗,试验组患者使用达比加群酯治疗。比较分析两组患者治疗后全身性栓塞、卒中、大出血的发生率。结果试验组卒中发生率为7.00%,对照组为16.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=3.98,P<0.05);试验组全身性栓塞发生率为5.00%,对照组为14%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.71,P<0.05);试验组大出血发生率为9.00%,对照组为19%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.15,P<0.05)。结论在预防心房颤动患者发生卒中的疗效和安全性上,达比加群酯的效果较传统药物华法林显著。     

达比加群酯与华法林用于非瓣膜性心房颤动患者抗凝的有效性与安全性比较

目的:比较达比加群酯与华法林用于非瓣膜性心房颤动(NVAF)患者抗凝的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性分析360例NVAF患者资料,按用药方案的不同分为对照组(180例)和观察组(180例)。对照组患者给予华法林钠片,起始剂量2.5 mg,口服,每日1次,根据国际标准化比值(INR)调整剂量。观察组患者给予达比加群酯胶囊150 mg,每日2次,温水送服,餐时或餐后服用。观察两组患者治疗前与治疗1、3个月后丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平、INR及不良反应发生情况。结果:两组患者治疗前后ALT、AST水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,两组患者INR比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗1、3个月后,对照组患者INR均显著高于同组治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗前后比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但两组患者INR值均在正常范围内。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:达比加群酯治疗NVAF患者的抗凝有效性显著优于华法林,且两药的安全性相当。     

达比加群酯与华法林对NVAF患者FIB、PT、TT、APTT、INR水平的影响及不良反应

目的:探讨达比加群酯与华法林对非瓣膜性心房颤动(NVAF)患者FIB(纤维蛋白原)、PT(凝血酶原时间)、TT(凝血酶时间)、APTT(部分凝血活酶时间)、INR(国际标准化比值)水平的影响及不良反应.方法:将62例NVAF采用双盲法分为对照组(n=31)和观察组(n=31),对照组给予华法林治疗,观察组采用达比加群酯...     

达比加群酯与华法林治疗非瓣膜性心房颤动患者对血管内皮功能及凝血功能的影响

目的 探讨达比加群酯与华法林治疗非瓣膜性心房颤动患者对血管内皮功能及凝血功能的影响.方法 纳入2018年1月～2020年4月收治的102例非瓣膜性心房颤动患者,按分层随机法分组,各51例.对照组以华法林治疗,治疗组采用达比加群酯治疗,对比两组疗效变化.结果 两组治疗前血管内皮功能和凝血指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0....     

达比加群酯与华法林在非瓣膜性房颤抗凝治疗中的应用比较

目的观察达比加群酯与华法林在非瓣膜性房颤抗凝治疗中的应用比较疗效。方法随机选取我院2017年3月至2018年3月接受的86例非瓣膜性房颤患者为本次研究对象,按照临床用药不同将所有患者分为A组(43例:给予达比加群酯治疗)与B组(43例:华法林治疗),比较两组患者预后情况。结果 A组患者治疗后凝血酶原时间(PT)、国际标准化比值(INR)以及活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)均明显优于对照组,P<0.05。A组患者不良反应发生率明显低于B组(9.3%VS 32.6%),P<0.05。结论非瓣膜性房颤抗凝治疗中达比加群酯抗凝治疗效果明显优于华法林。     

新型抗凝药达比加群酯对高龄持续性房颤导管射频消融术围术期的抗凝疗效及安全性评价

目的观察新型抗凝药达比加群酯对高龄持续性心房颤动患者导管射频消融术(RFCA)围术期的抗凝疗效,并进行安全性评价。方法选取2012年7月至2014年7月期间收治的高龄(≥75岁)持续性房颤患者84例,所有患者均拟行RFCA。采用随机数字表法将患者分为华法林组和达比加群酯组,均n=42。华法林组术前给予法华林(2.5 mg,qd)治疗1个月,术中给予低分子肝素钠(100 U·kg-1)治疗,术后继续给予法华林(2.5 mg,bid)治疗3个月。达比加群酯组给予达比加群酯(55 mg,bid)治疗1个月,术中给予低分子肝素钠治疗,术后继续给予达比加群酯治疗3个月。比较观察两组患者凝血功能和并发症。结果与治疗前相比,治疗1个月和术后3个月两组患者的凝血功能包括凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化的部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、国际标准化比值(INR)比较均显著升高(P<0.05),且术后3个月各指标改变更显著(P<0.05);达比加群酯组的APTT、TT和INR显著高于华法林组(P<0.05)。华法林组术中及术后并发症均高于达比加群酯组(P<0.05)。结论达比加群酯在高龄持续性房颤患者RFCA围手术期的抗凝疗效好,能增强抗凝血功能,降低术中和术后并发症发生率。     

房颤消融术围术期抗凝治疗中达比加群酯用药分析1例

<正>心房颤动(房颤)可导致血栓栓塞,其中缺血性卒中致残、致死率较高[1]。目前房颤的复律有药物复律、电复律和导管消融等。药物复律疗效有限,也不能改善患者预后,而经导管消融能使患者复律并长期维持窦律,减少血栓栓塞性事件并减轻或逆转心房重构,提高患者生存率[2],已逐渐成为临床主要治疗手段之一。但房颤的导管消融是一个复杂的手术过程,因消融部位多、手术时间长,术中及术后容易出现血栓栓塞等并发症,故围术期需要制定安全、有效的抗凝方案[1]。新型口服抗凝药达比加群酯(dabigatran exexilate)于     

达比加群酯用于非瓣膜性房颤抗凝治疗的不良反应分析

目的:了解我院达比加群酯致药品不良反应发生的规律和特点,为临床安全合理使用达比加群酯提供参考依据.方法:采用回顾性分析方法,对我院2015年2月-2019年12月上报国家ADR监测中心的19例达比加群酯ADR报告进行统计分析.结果:19例达比加群酯ADR报告中,男女比例为1:1.7;61～70岁患者最多(42.11％)...     

Spotlight on dabigatran etexilate in the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation

The need for safe, effective and easily administered and monitored antithrombotic treatments that do not have the issues common to warfarin treatment has led to the development of new anticoagulant drugs. Dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa?, Pradax?) is a prodrug of the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran, a direct, reversible, potent inhibitor of thrombin. Dabigatran does not interact with food, and is associated with very few known drug interactions. Dabigatran etexilate, at dosages of 110 and 150 mg twice daily, was shown to be noninferior to warfarin with regard to the incidence of stroke or systemic embolism in a large, randomized, partially blinded, multicentre study in a wide spectrum of patients with atrial fibrillation. Moreover, the higher dosage was associated with significantly greater efficacy than warfarin in this regard. These results were supported by secondary endpoints and subgroup analyses. In general, dabigatran etexilate is well tolerated, although it is associated with a higher rate of dyspepsia than warfarin. Major bleeding was as common in recipients of the higher dosage as, and less common in recipients of the lower dosage of dabigatran etexilate than, that in recipients of warfarin, and intracranial bleeding, life-threatening major bleeding and total bleeding were less common in recipients of either dabigatran etexilate dosage than in warfarin recipients. However, the higher dosage of dabigatran etexilate was associated with a higher rate of gastrointestinal bleeding than warfarin was. The incidence of hepatotoxicity did not significantly differ across treatment groups. In conclusion, dabigatran etexilate 150 mg twice daily is more effective than warfarin for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation, and is generally well tolerated, particularly with regard to bleeding endpoints compared with warfarin. It requires more frequent administration than warfarin, but provides multiple improvements to various issues associated with warfarin administration. Direct comparisons with other new anticoagulant drugs would be beneficial, as would further investigation into the effects in different patient populations, long-term effects, and the gastrointestinal bleeding and dyspepsia observed with dabigatran etexilate treatment. Dabigatran etexilate is a promising new option for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation.     

Warfarin versus dabigatran etexilate: an assessment of efficacy and safety in patients with atrial fibrillation

Introduction: Oral anticoagulation is the mainstay for stroke and thromboembolic event prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Given limitations of warfarin therapy, non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants have been developed including direct thrombin inhibitors (i.e., dabigatran etexilate). Dabigatran etexilate has been tested thoroughly in terms of efficacy and safety in clinical trials and studies, involving ‘real-world’ cohorts. In this review, currently available evidence in patients with non-valvular AF is discussed.

Areas covered: The pharmacology, efficacy and safety, and current aspects of use of dabigatran etexilate in patients with non-valvular AF are reviewed in a comparative manner to warfarin both for chronic anticoagulation and in different clinical settings.

Expert opinion: Dabigatran etexilate appeared to have several pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic advantages over warfarin, as well as a favorable efficacy and safety profile being at least noninferior and often superior to warfarin in patients with non-valvular AF. The latter was shown in the clinical trials, meta-analyses and studies with ‘real-world’ data. Currently ongoing trials will expand the body of evidence on warfarin and will aid decision making in currently controversial areas. Important limitations of dabigatran etexilate include contraindications for its use in patients with prosthetic heart valves and end-stage chronic kidney disease.     

瓣膜手术同期射频消融治疗心房颤动 50例效果观察

目的 探讨合并心房颤动的心脏瓣膜病病人在行瓣膜置换手术的同期实施射频消融治疗心房颤动的早期临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2017年6月至2018年3月,安徽医科大学第一附属医院收治的100例心脏瓣膜病合并心房颤动的病人的临床资料,根据其手术方式进行分组,单纯实施瓣膜置换术的50例病人为对照组,在瓣膜置换术的基础上同期实施射频消融术的50例病人为观察组.对比两组手术病人的术中和术后临床指标,术后生存质量评分、超声心动图参数及心功能(NYHA)分级情况.结果 术中体外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间,术后机械通气时间、24 h引流量及住院时间,两组间差异无统计学意义.观察组术后静息[(86.29±16.14)次/分比(96.84±13.45)次/分,P=0.013]及运动时[(105.94±9.28)次/分比(117.81±11.63)次/分,P<0.001]心率均明显低于对照组,且术后生存质量评分:躯体功能[(88.56±8.47)分比(81.28±7.84)分,P<0.001],心理健康[(85.48±8.36)分比(75.93±7.57)分,P<0.001],社会关系[(87.93±9.16)分比(79.16±8.49)分,P<0.001],生活环境[(84.93±8.89)分比(75.83±7.37)分,P<0.001]及窦性心律维持率:术后即刻(88％比12％,P<0.001),出院时(90％比6％,P<0.001),术后1个月(90％比2％,P<0.001),术后6个月(94％比0％,P<0.001)均高于对照组.在术后超声心动图参数及NYHA分级方面上,与术前相比,两组病人的左房内径(LA)、左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)及NYHA分级均较术前改善,但观察组中LA[(46.7±3.0)mm比(49.1±2.7)mm,P=0.01]、LVEDD[(47.3±4.2)mm比(50.3±4.2)mm,P<0.01]、LVEF[(59.8±3.7)％比(57.1±3.9)％,P=0.01]这些指标在术后6个月时开始优于对照组,此时观察组中NYHA≥Ⅱ级的病人比例也要高于对照组(86％比68％,P=0.032).结论 对心脏瓣膜病合并心房颤动病人实施瓣膜置换术联合同期射频消融术,可有效促使病人窦性心律恢复,改善其心功能,有利于提高其临床疗效,改善其生存质量.     

Insights from the dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation (RE-LY) trial

Oral anticoagulants such as warfarin have been used widely for the treatment of venous thromboembolism and stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Warfarin has significant limitations and also requires frequent monitoring. Thus, there is an unmet need, with the quest for alternative oral anticoagulants with stable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics that do not need monitoring. The paper under evaluation provides us with up-to-date information on the safety and efficacy of a new oral anticoagulant, dabigatran, compared with warfarin for stroke prevention in AF patients.