载体材料类型对黄体酮固体分散体体外性质的影响

本研究考察了不同载体材料对黄体酮固体分散体体外性质的影响,以流变学性质为考察指标,采用热熔挤出技术制备难溶性药物黄体酮固体分散体,并对固体分散体的体外性质进行表征。扫描电子显微镜显示固体分散体具有粗糙的表面和团聚的微观结构,呈不规则块状颗粒。差示扫描量热法和粉末X-射线衍射法显示固体分散体中黄体酮晶型的变化,由结晶态转变为无定型态。体外溶出度研究显示不同载体材料制备的固体分散体可以有效地改善药物的溶出速度。研究结果表明,载体材料类型对固体分散体的体外性质具有显著影响,为固体分散体在难溶性药物控释方面的研究提供了参考。     

姜黄素固体分散体处方工艺优化及体外溶出度评价

目的 优化姜黄素固体分散体(CUR SD)的处方工艺.方法 根据溶解度参数及溶出结果 ,优选CUR SD最佳载体及药物与载体的比例.采用差示扫描量热(DSC)法、X-射线粉末衍射分析(XRPD)法和傅立叶红外光谱分析(FTIR)法对制备的CUR SD进行表征,并考察体外溶出度.结果 根据溶解度参数及体外溶出结果 ,优选...     

热熔挤出法制备联苯双酯固体分散体的工艺

目的应用热熔挤出技术制备难溶性药物联苯双酯(bifendate,DDB)的固体分散体,提高DDB的溶出度。方法以共聚维酮(S630)(PVP,N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮和醋酸乙烯酯以质量比为60∶40的比例合成的水溶性共聚物)、PEG6000、丙烯酸树脂Ⅳ为亲水性载体辅料,采用同向双螺杆热熔挤出技术制备DDB固体分散体。比较不同载体挤出物的差示扫描量热图谱和累积溶出曲线,从而判断热熔挤出法对提高DDB溶出度方面的作用。结果采用热熔挤出技术制备的固体分散体可以显著的提高DDB的溶出度。结论采用HME方法制备DDB固体分散体可以显著提高药物的溶出度。     

水溶性呋喃西林固体分散体配方及工艺研究

目的 利用固体分散技术制备水溶性呋喃西林固体分散体,增加其溶解度.方法 选择聚乙二醇6000(PEG)为载体, 采用熔融法、溶剂-熔融法,按药物与载体1:3、1:6、1:9的比例分别制成不同的呋喃西林固体分散体,将呋喃西林原药与呋喃西林固体分散体进行体外溶出度试验和溶解度试验.结果 呋喃西林固体分散体的体外溶出度和溶解度与呋喃西林原药相比显著增大.结论 选择呋喃西林与聚乙二醇(PEG)-6000(1:6)及溶剂-熔融法作为水溶性呋喃西林固体分散体的配方及工艺,可使呋喃西林的溶解度提高.     

联苯双酯片剂的溶出度方法研究

目的:建立联苯双酯片剂的溶出度测定方法.方法:方法采用桨法,以2.0％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液为溶出介质,转速75 r·min-1,取样时间60 min;采用HPLC法测定溶出量.结果:不同生产厂家的联苯双酯片剂的溶出度存在显著差异.结论:所建方法可为提高联苯双酯片剂质量标准,建立合理的溶出度方法提供依据.     

伊曲康唑固体分散体制备及体外溶出实验

目的:运用固体分散体技术提高难溶性药物伊曲康唑的溶解度及体外溶出速率.方法:选用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPK30)为载体,采用喷雾干燥法制备伊曲康唑固体分散体,通过差热分析及X射线衍射对固体分散体进行鉴定,比较考察伊曲康唑及其物理混合物和固体分散体的溶出特性.结果:差热分析、X射线衍射图谱表明药物以无定形状态分散于载体中;体外溶出结果表明固体分散体能显著增加药物在水及人工胃液中的溶出度(45 min时1:4固体分散体体外溶出度为伊曲康唑的11.5倍.1:4固体分散体在0.1 mo1·L-1盐酸中溶解度是伊曲康唑的67倍).结论:伊曲康唑固体分散体能明显提高伊曲康唑的溶解度及体外溶出速率.     

蒿甲醚pH依赖型固体分散体处方研究

目的：为了提高蒿甲醚的溶出度,通过处方筛选,将蒿甲醚制备成pH依赖型固体分散体。方法：采用喷雾干燥法,以醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯（HPMCAS-HF）、羟丙基甲基纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯（HP-55）、Eudragit S100为载体,分别制备蒿甲醚固体分散体,以溶出度和稳定性为指标筛选出最佳载体;再用筛选出的最佳载体以不同比例制备蒿甲醚固体分散体,以溶出度为指标筛选出最佳比例。并以粒度检查、电子扫描显微镜（SEM）观察、X射线粉末衍射法分析（XRD）及溶出度测定等,对筛选出的最佳处方进行质量评价。结果：蒿甲醚pH依赖型固体分散体最佳处方为蒿甲醚∶HPMCAS-HF=1∶1,具有较好的pH依赖释药性能和稳定性,质量评价符合设计要求。结论：本方法制备的蒿甲醚固体分散体达到了pH依赖性释药要求,适合制备成结直肠定位释药制剂。     

联苯双酯滴丸溶出度的测定与比较

对不同厂家生产的联苯双酯滴九进行溶出度的测定,结果表明,供试品间存在着非常显著的差异。     

盐酸溴己新固体分散体制备及体外溶出实验

目的制备盐酸溴己新（BH）固体分散体并研究其体外溶出度。方法以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为载体,采用喷雾干燥法制备难溶性药物盐酸溴己新固体分散体,并进行体外溶出实验。结果制备成的固体分散体能显著提高盐酸溴己新的体外溶出速率,PVPk-15载体的固体分散体溶出较PVPk-30载体的固体分散体快。随着PVPk-15载体比例增加,固体分散体的溶出先增大后减小,BH-PVPk-15为1∶5时的固体分散体具有良好的体外速释作用。结论将盐酸溴己新制成固体分散体能明显提高其溶解度及体外释放速率。     

尼群地平固体分散体体外溶出度研究

目的:选择尼群地平固体分散体适宜的体外溶出介质。方法:测定尼群地平在多种溶出介质中的溶解度，通过体外溶出度试验比较尼群地平固体分散体在不同溶出介质中的溶出行为。结果:溶出介质1.0%和0.5%的十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)水溶液可以满足“漏槽”条件，但药物释放较快，固体分散体间的溶出行为差异不明显；0.3%的SDS水溶液可以保证药物的全部溶出，且可以明显区别各固体分散体之间的溶出差异。结论:选用0.3%的SDS水溶液作为溶出介质，便于通过溶出度试验来筛选固体分散体处方。     

Evaluation of solid state properties of solid dispersions prepared by hot-melt extrusion and solvent co-precipitation

Milling processes are known to cause polymorphic transition in enantiotropic systems and the micronization process employed to produce microparticles for inhalation formulations has been reported to result in solid-state damage. The aim of the current work was to investigate the polymorphism of salmeterol xinafoate (SX) following antisolvent micronization from poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) solvents and compare this to the properties of SX conventionally crystallized and micronized. Powder X-ray diffraction revealed that SX crystallized predominantly as the SX form I polymorph following rapid precipitation from PEG solvents and cooling crystallization from propan-2-ol. Thermo-kinetic analysis using a modified Avrami-Erofe'ev equation was applied to differential scanning calorimetric thermographs of crystallized and micronized SX. The kinetic analysis revealed that SX crystallized from PEG solvents underwent significantly less or no re-crystallization of SX form II from the melt. A polymorphic transition was identified upon heating ball-milled SX, although the untreated material was resistant to such transformation. The thermal behaviour of SX crystallized from PEG solvents was consistent with a lower degree of crystal lattice disorder and higher enantiotropic purity than SX crystallized from propan-2-ol; the same was also true when comparing SX before and after micronization.     

瑞格列奈固体分散体的制备及体外溶出

目的制备瑞格列奈的固体分散体,提高瑞格列奈的体外溶出度。方法以聚乙二醇6000(polyethylene glycol 6000,PEG6000)作为载体,采用溶剂-熔融法制备不同处方的瑞格列奈固体分散体,进行溶出度考查。采用红外光谱、差示扫描量热(differential scanning calorimetry,DSC)与X-射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)对瑞格列奈固体分散体进行物相分析。结果与瑞格列奈原料和物理混合物相比,固体分散体可显著提高瑞格列奈的体外溶出度,物相鉴定表明,瑞格列奈大部分以无定形状态分散于PEG6000中,提高了药物的体外溶出度。结论制备瑞格列奈的PEG6000固体分散体能显著提高药物的体外溶出度,可满足速释制剂的要求。     

依托泊苷固体分散体的制备及体外研究

目的 制备依托泊苷固体分散体，改善依托泊苷的溶出度。方法 应用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVPK30）和聚乙二醇（PEG6000）为载体，以溶剂法制备固体分散体。采用正交实验设计考察制备固体分散体的最佳工艺条件，并对所得样品进行体外溶出度研究，以X线衍射、DSC-量热分析进行物相鉴定。结果 依托泊苷在载体PVPK30和PEG6000中结晶消失。药物的溶出速度随载体比例增加而增加。结论 采用PVPK30和PEG6000所制依托泊苷固体分散体能显著提高药物的体外溶出度，药物以无定形状态或分子态存在于载体中。     

非洛地平固体分散体的制备和体外溶出度考察

目的应用固体分散技术,提高非洛地平的体外溶出度。方法以PVPK30、Lutrol F68、Tween80(与吸附剂,如PVPP)为载体,分别采用溶剂法、熔融法、溶剂蒸发-沉积等技术制备非洛地平固体分散体,考察不同载体对固体分散体溶出度的影响。并着重考察以Tween 80为增溶剂,不同种类吸附剂为载体对固体分散体外观、溶出度的影响。应用差示热分析和X射线衍射鉴别药物在载体中的存在状态。结果采用不同载体和方法制备的非洛地平固体分散体均能明显促进药物的溶出,溶出速度依次为Tween 80>Lutrol F68>PVPk30。其中m(药物)∶m(Tween 80)∶m(PVPP)=1∶4∶5时,溶出速度最快,1 h累积释放率达90%以上。差示热分析固体分散体中药物吸热峰前移或消失,X射线衍射固体分散体中药物的结晶衍射峰消失,推测药物在载体中以无定形或分子形式存在。结论制备非洛地平固体分散体可以提高其体外溶出度,尤其是含有表面活性剂的固体分散体可进一步提高药物的溶出。     

依折麦布固体分散体的制备及其体外溶出

目的制备难溶性药物依折麦布固体分散体,改善其溶出性质,为固体分散体技术提高难溶性药物溶出及生物利用度提供新的参考。方法以共聚维酮(polyvinyl pyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer,PVP VA64)作为亲水性载体材料,采用溶剂挥发法制备不同处方的依折麦布固体分散体,并进行溶出度考察;通过红外光谱法、差式扫描量热法及X射线衍射法对依折麦布固体分散体进行表征与评价。结果依折麦布与PVP VA64的质量比为1∶10时,依折麦布在质量分数0.1%十二烷基硫酸钠醋酸盐缓冲液中30 min累积溶出接近100%,与物理混合物相比,显著提高了依折麦布固体分散体的体外溶出度,物态鉴别表明依折麦布以无定型状态存在于载体中。结论制备依折麦布PVP VA64固体分散体,可显著提高其体外溶出度。     

他克莫司固体分散体的制备及体外溶出度测定

目的:制备他克莫司固体分散体,提高他克莫司的体外溶出度。方法:以体外溶出度为指标,从泊洛沙姆188(Poloxamer188)、聚维酮K30(PVP K30)、羟丙甲纤维素(HPMCE3)、聚乙二醇6000(PEG6000)中筛选最优载体及其比例。并采用差示热量扫描(DSC)、红外光谱(FTIR)、电子扫描电镜(SEM)等进行物相表征。结果:4种不同载体制成的固体分散体均能增加他克莫司体外溶出度,通过比较优选出HPMCE3为最佳载体。物相鉴定表明,他克莫司大部分以无定型状态分散于HPMCE3中。结论:制备他克莫司-HPMCE3固体分散体可以明显提高其体外溶出度,且制备方法简单可行。     

Preparation and in vitro evaluation of solid dispersions of halofantrine

The low aqueous solubility of halofantrine (HF) and its low bioavailability from commercially available tablets (Halfan) suggested the formulation of solid dispersions (SDs) of HF to reduce its particle size and improve its wettability and aqueous solubility. Preformulation studies involved the development of a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the analysis of HF. In addition, solubility studies were conducted on HF in aqueous solutions containing different concentrations of various carriers. Formulation studies included the preparation of SDs and physical mixtures (PMs) of HF with different carriers and their physicochemical characterization using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-Transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and dissolution studies. A 3-month stability study at elevated temperatures was conducted on representative SDs of HF with selected carriers.     

Anomalous properties of spray dried solid dispersions

The use of solid dispersions for oral dosage forms can increase the dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs. Spray drying is one process that can be used to prepare solid dispersions. Spray dried solid dispersions of griseofulvin, poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylate] (PHPMA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were prepared from acetone and water. When methanol was substituted for water, the morphology, stability and dissolution properties of the solid dispersion changed dramatically. The glass transition temperature for the ternary solid dispersion (GF, PHPMA, and PVP) shifted from 83°C (acetone/water) to 103°C for the acetone/methanol system. These differences in the dispersions are thought to derive from conformational variations of the polymers in solution prior to spray drying. Both PHPMA and PVP formed globules in solution of a size range between 16 and 33 nm. The effect of drug and polymer concentration in solution (before spray drying) on the properties of the solid dispersion was studied. It was found that solid dispersions that were prepared using lower concentrations of drug and polymers in solutions resulted in the formation of particles that display a lower relaxation rate. This result supports the hypothesis that the polymer conformation may significantly change the properties of the solid dispersion. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 98:4724–4737, 2009     

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of carbamazepine-PEG 6000 solid dispersions

The present work extended previous physico-chemical investigations on the effects of solid dispersion on the solubility, the dissolution rate and the pharmacokinetic profile of carbamazepine. Solubility studies showed a linear increase in carbamazepine solubility with the increase of PEG 6000 concentration. There is no marked difference between physical mixtures and solid dispersions for the enhancement of carbamazepine solubility by PEG 6000. Less than 60% of pure carbamazepine was dissolved in 90 min. Physical mixtures (carbamazepine phase III) and solid dispersions (carbamazepine phase II) dissolution rates were higher in comparison of the parent drug. The dissolution of carbamazepine phase III was more pronounced than that evoked by the phase II. The dissolution profiles indicated that the percentage of the drug dissolved was dependent on the proportion of PEG 6000. In solid dispersions there was a remarkable enhancement in the dissolution rates of the drug in the vicinity of the eutectic composition as compared with those of corresponding physical mixtures. Hence, the optimum value for the solid dispersion was 80.5+/-1.7% of carbamazepine having dissolved within the first 10 min compared to 40+/-1% for the corresponding physical mixtures of the same composition. Statistical analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters confirmed that the carbamazepine:PEG 6000 binary systems displayed higher bioavailability of the drug than the pure carbamazepine. The area under the curve (AUC) values highlighted the evidence that only slight differences in the bioavailability of the drug occur between physical mixtures and solid dispersions prepared at the 80:20 and 50:50 drug:carrier compositions. However, the mean normalized plasma concentrations showed that standard error deviations are rather wide intervals for pure drug and physical mixtures in comparison to solid dispersions. One additional interesting point to consider is the disappearance of the multiple peaks on the individual kinetic curves of the 50:50 solid dispersion composition. Furthermore, our investigations have highlighted the interest of solid dispersions prepared at -eutectic composition as our preliminary data show that the plasma concentration (C(5h)) of the drug for the 15:85 dispersed sample containing 150 mg of carbamazepine is not significantly different from that obtained for the 50:50 dispersed sample containing 300 mg of the drug.     

Evaluation of Inutec SP1 as a new carrier in the formulation of solid dispersions for poorly soluble drugs

Solid dispersions made up of itraconazole and Inutec SP1, a new polymeric surfactant, were prepared by spray drying and hot-stage extrusion. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) were used to evaluate the miscibility of the components of the dispersions, and dissolution experiments were performed in simulated gastric fluid without pepsin (SGFsp) to evaluate the pharmaceutical performance of itraconazole from the solid dispersions. DSC analysis showed that the solid dispersions are phase separated systems made up of glassy and crystalline itraconazole and amorphous Inutec SP1. The amount of crystalline drug substance was higher in the dispersions prepared by hot-stage extrusion and was clearly a function of the drug concentration. Since no crystallinity could be detected by XRD points to the fact that the crystallites formed are very small in size. Despite the presence of glassy and crystalline clusters, the dissolution properties of the solid dispersions were significantly improved in comparison to pure itraconazole (glassy or crystalline) or physical mixtures with Inutec SP1. This study proves the potential of the new polymeric surfactant as a carrier in the formulation of solid dispersions for poorly soluble drugs.