后凸成形术对老年多椎体骨质疏松压缩骨折的选择治疗21例观察

[目的]探讨依据术前MRI检查结果对老年多椎体骨质疏松压缩骨折行选择性椎体后凸成形术的疗效.[方法]自2003年6月～2006年12月老年多椎体骨质疏松压缩骨折21例57椎,采用根据术前MRI信号改变判断疼痛性椎体和陈旧骨折椎体,行选择性球囊扩张后凸成形术的治疗方法.对疼痛性椎体采用正常球囊扩张压力和足量骨水泥充填;对陈旧性骨折椎体采用较低球囊扩张压力和少量骨水泥充填,不追求恢复椎体高度.观察术后症状改善、骨折复位情况及有无并发症发生.[结果]21例手术均顺利完成,术后24 h内疼痛均明显缓解.椎体前缘、中部、后缘平均高度术前分别为(1.7±0.9)cm,(1.7±0.7)cm,(2.5±0.9)cm,术后分别为(2.2±0.4)cm,(2.4±0.6)cm,(2.6±0.3)cm,椎体前缘、中部平均高度手术前后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).Cobb's角由术前33.7°±10.9°矫正至术后25.9°±9.3°,手术前后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).术后平均随访26.3个月,患者疼痛症状均较术前明显改善或消失,未出现严重并发症.[结论]依据术前MRI结果对多椎体压缩骨折采用选择性后凸成形术治疗,临床效果满意,能够缩短手术时间、减少手术并发症、减少射线损害和手术费用,更适于老年多椎体骨质疏松压缩骨折的治疗.     

PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

目的探讨经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效和安全性。方法2010年1月至2012年1月采用经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折42例48椎,其中男10例,女32例;年龄55—86岁,平均68．1岁。在C型臂x线机引导下,经皮穿刺进针,建立工作通道后放人可扩张球囊,复位骨折、形成空腔以及充填骨水泥。观察术后疼痛症状改善、骨折复位及后凸矫正情况。结果42例患者手术均顺利完成,术后随访6～18个月,平均随访12．5个月。疼痛VAS评分由术前平均（7．6±1．8）分降低为术后的（1．9±1．2）分,椎体前缘、中部高度分别由术前的（1．63±0．43）cm、（1．52±0．42）cm增加至术后的（2．06±0．37）cm、（1．96±0．34）cm,差异有统计学意义,椎体后缘高度术前、术后差异无统计学意义。椎体矢状面Cobb角由术前平均（27．8±6．5）°,矫正为术后（16．5±5．3）°。结论经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术是治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折安全且近期疗效明显的方法。     

闭合复位联合椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折

目的 探讨闭合复位联合椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的效果.方法 应用闭合复位联合椎体成形术治疗49例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,手术前后用视觉模拟评分(VAS)及Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)的变化来评价患者疼痛缓解和功能改善情况,测量病椎的高度和后凸畸形的改变以及骨水泥在椎体内的分布.结果 32例术后获得随访7～26个月.VAS评分从术前平均(9.2±3.1)分降至术后平均(4.2±2.5)分,ODI指数从术前平均71.4%降至术后平均43.3%,椎体前、中、后壁高度平均增加5.2、6.8、1.3 mm,椎体后凸畸形平均矫正10.2°,手术前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 闭合复位联合椎体成形术是治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的有效方法.     

椎体后凸成形术治疗重度骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折

目的 探讨应用椎体后凸成形术治疗重度骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的可行性和疗效.方法 2003年8月至2008年6月,治疗椎体后壁完整的重度骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折35例(48椎),男2例,女33例;年龄64～86岁,平均74.2岁.患椎压缩程度为75.8%～80.1%,平均77.0%.在"C"型臂X线机引导下经皮穿刺进针,建立工作通道后放入可扩张球囊,行"扩张-放松-再扩张"渐进式复位,扩张压力不超过150 psi(1 psi=6.89 kPa).复位基本满意或球囊达椎体皮质时停止扩张,取出球囊,在"C"型臂X线机监视下将可显影骨水泥低压注入椎体.结果 35例患者均顺利完成手术.椎体前缘、中部及后缘平均高度分别由术前(0.8±0.1)cm、(0.8±0.2)cm和(2.1±0.8)cm增至术后第3天(1.2±0.3)cm、(1.3±0.2)cm和(2.3±1.0)cm,手术前后椎体前缘、中部高度差异有统计学意义.矢状面Cobb角由术前28.2°±5.2°矫正至术后19.1°±4.9°.疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)由术前(7.4±1.7)分(5.5～9.4分)降至术后第3天(1.8±1.1)分(0～3.0分).SF-36健康调查评分由术前(33.2±7.1)分提高至术后第3天(42.7±7.9)分.结论 通过改进穿刺复位方法及控制球囊扩张压力,椎体后凸成形术对重度骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者可行且有效.     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折

目的 探讨椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效.方法 采用经皮椎弓根穿刺球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年椎体压缩骨折32例48椎,观察对比手术前后疼痛情况及活动能力,评估治疗效果.结果 术后患者疼痛明显减轻,活动能力改善.其中术后1 w患者疼痛VAS评分(2.2±0.6)较术前(7.6±0.7)明显下降,(P<0.01);活动能力评分(1.2±0.4)较术前(2.4±0.6)明显改善,(P<0.01).随访时间3～18个月,平均5.6个月.近期效果满意.结论 球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年椎体压缩骨折可以有效缓解疼痛,改善活动能力,提高生活质量,疗效满意,值得推广.     

过伸位复位在椎体成形术中的应用

目的观察椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折手术过程中采用过伸体位矫正脊柱后凸畸形的效果。方法2000年11月～2004年7月34例患者39个骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折采用椎体成形术治疗。术中采用过伸体位闭合复位矫正脊柱后凸畸形,然后再经皮穿刺行椎体成形术,测量压缩骨折椎体高度恢复率和后凸畸形角度恢复率。结果利用过伸体位闭合复位后再行椎体成形术,压缩骨折椎体高度恢复率达到(40．1±23．5)%,后凸畸形角度恢复率达到(42．5±29．3)%。结论骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折椎体成形术中利用过伸体位闭合复位可有效恢复椎体高度和矫正后凸畸形。     

经皮球囊扩张后凸成形术治疗老年椎体压缩骨折的随访研究

[目的]探讨经皮球囊扩张后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的手术效果和患者术后的生活质量.[方法]采用经皮球囊扩张后凸成形术治疗老年椎体压缩骨折病例105例.测量术前、术后3d、术后3个月和随访结束时的椎体高度;术前、术后3d、术后3个月和随访结束时对患者腰痛行VAS评分,术前、术后3个月和随访结束时对患者进行ODI评分.[结果]91例患者获随访,随访时间13 ～ 50个月,平均33.2个月.患者术前椎体平均高度为(1.45 ±0.28) cm,术后3d复查X线片测量的椎体平均高度为(1.75 ±0.23) cm,术后3个月时椎体平均高度(1.75±0.23) cm,随访结束时患者椎体平均高度为(1.74±0.24) cm.术前VAS评分为(7.53±0.68),术后3d为(2.69 ±0.49),术后3个月为(1.02±0.33),随访结束时为(1.01±0.39).术前ODI评分为(77.85 ±3.53),术后3个月为(28.67 ±5.85),随访结束时为(21.33±3.47).术前、术后的椎体高度,VAS评分,ODI评分差别有统计学意义(P＜0.01).[结论]经皮球囊扩张后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折能部分恢复椎体高度,针对压缩骨折带来的腰痛有良好的治疗效果,明显改善了患者的生活质量.     

“蛋壳”技术在经皮球囊扩张后凸成形术治疗严重骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折中的应用

目的 探讨蛋壳技术在经皮球囊扩张后凸成形术治疗老年严重骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的可行性和疗效.方法 分析从2009年6月-2013年12月,采用蛋壳技术在经皮球囊扩张后凸成形术治疗老年人严重胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折43例46个椎体.局麻/全麻下经后路单侧椎弓根穿刺置入病椎,球囊缓慢扩张椎体,小剂量(0.5～1.0 mL)骨水泥注入撑开的空腔,再次插入球囊并撑开椎体高度,使之形成一薄的骨水泥蛋壳,撤出球囊,再次注入骨水泥填充.观察患者的视觉疼痛模拟评分(VAS)、活动能力评分、椎体高度测量及Cobb's角测量.结果 所有手术都顺利完成,无严重手术并发症.VAS评分由术前的(7.9±0.8)分下降至术后的(3.5±0.8)分(P＜0.05),活动能力评分由术前的(3.5±0.6)分改善到术后的(1.3±0.4)分(P＜0.05),椎体高度由术前的(13.5±2.0) mm增加到术后的(31.2±1.5) mm(P＜0.05),Cobb's角由术前的(31.8°±6.9°)矫正到术后的(18.2°±5.8°)(P＜0.05),差异均有统计学意义.所有患者门诊随访1～5个月,平均3.8个月,未出现椎体压缩、新发和相邻节段的骨折,临床表现明显改善.结论 蛋壳技术在经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术中的应用是治疗老年严重骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的一种快速有效方法,具有可行性.     

脊柱压缩骨折微创治疗的初步报告

目的探讨椎体成形术及椎体后凸成形术治疗脊柱压缩骨折(vertebral compression fractures,VCF)的初步疗效和安全性. 方法 2000年5月～2002年10月分别采用椎体成形术(vertebroplasty,VP)及椎体后凸成形术(kyphoplasty,KP)治疗脊柱压缩骨折43例69椎,分别为椎体后壁完整的疼痛性骨质疏松性压缩骨折及椎体血管瘤导致的椎体压缩骨折.先经双侧椎弓根或椎弓根旁置入导针或可扩张球囊使骨折塌陷椎体复位,然后骨水泥充填椎体,观察术后症状改善及骨折复位情况,分析并发症. 结果 43例手术均顺利,疼痛于术后48 h内均明显缓解.VP组椎体高度无明显改变,KP组骨折椎体前缘和中部高度的丢失分别由术前的(13.6±2.3)mm和(9.2±1.4)mm减少至(4.7±1.5)mm和(3.4±1.1)mm(t=2.85,3.27;P<0.01),后凸畸形Cobb角由术前的24.4°±5.2°矫正至9.5°±4.7°(t=3.21,P<0.01).1例一侧术中穿刺管内出现脑脊液,该侧当即停止手术.未发现其他严重并发症.随访3～28个月,平均13个月,SF-36评分由术前(187.5±10.3)分恢复至术后(376.4±15.9)分(t=4.36,P<0.01). 结论椎体成形术及椎体后凸成形术可迅速、有效缓解疼痛,改善功能,椎体后凸成形术可更有效地恢复脊柱序列.     

单球囊单侧和双侧扩张椎体后凸成形术临床疗效评价

摘要：目的评价单球囊单侧和双侧交替扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性压缩骨折的临床效果。方法2010年4月至2011年5月应用单球囊单侧和双侧交替扩张椎体后凸成性术治疗骨质疏松性压缩骨折患者2l例21椎,分为单侧球囊扩张组12椎和双侧球囊扩张组9椎,两组均经椎弓根入路,分别采用单球囊单侧扩张和双侧交替扩张的方法。比较两组术前、术后的椎体压缩率,术前、术后VAS评分,术后骨水泥左右侧分布面积比值。结果患者术后疼痛均明显减轻或消失。单侧组VAS评分由术前平均7．17±1．12分改善为术后平均2．67±0．89分,双侧组由术前平均7．50±0．85分改善为3．11±0．60分;单侧组椎体压缩率由术前平均32．3％±12．6％矫正为术后平均27．8％±13．1％,双侧组由术前平均32．9％±15．5％矫正为术后平均28．2％±14．2％;单侧组术后左、右侧骨水泥分布面积比值平均为0．96±0．16,双侧组比值平均为0．98±0．15,均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论椎体后凸成形术能有效缓解椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折患者的疼痛,不同程度恢复椎体高度,改善后凸畸形;单球囊单侧和双侧交替扩张椎体后凸成形术同样使压缩骨折的椎体获到较好复位。     

单侧与双侧椎体后凸成形术治疗多椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折疗效分析

目的 分析单侧与双侧球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术(KP)治疗多椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折的疗效.方法 对2002年5月至2007年6月,采用KP治疗并且获得1年以上随访的41例多椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折患者,按手术是单侧或双侧进行分组.单侧手术组17例40个椎体,其中男性3例,女性14例;年龄52～91岁,平均70.4岁.双侧手术组24例53个椎体,其中男性4例,女性20例;年龄61～87岁,平均72.4岁.所有患者均在"C"型臂X线机引导下,经皮穿刺完成手术.术后观察症状改善、骨折复位及后凸矫正、并发症发生等情况,并进行统计学对比分析.结果 所有患者手术均顺利完成.单侧手术组平均手术时间(86±32)min,平均每椎体注射骨水泥(3.9±1.6)ml,术后平均随访(32.5±17.2)个月;双侧手术组平均手术时间(120±26)min,平均每椎体注射骨水泥(5.4±2.1)ml,术后平均随访(30.7±14.3)个月.疼痛VAS评分:单侧手术组术前为7.4±2.1,术后为2.7±1.9,末次随访为3.1±2.2,手术前后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);双侧手术组术前为7.9 ±2.1,术后为2.3±2.5,末次随访为2.7±2.2,手术前后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组术后椎体前缘、中部高度均比术前有显著增加,且维持至末次随访,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).椎体后凸角单侧手术组平均矫正7.2°±4.9°,双侧手术组平均矫正7.3°±5.9°,各组手术前后比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).而两组间上述各指标对应比较,差异无统计学意义.两组术后SF-36生命质量调查表8个领域中有6个显著提高.41例中发生骨水泥渗漏6例,肺栓塞1例.结论 单侧或双侧KP治疗多椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折均可获得满意的治疗效果.     

低压力应用单一球囊治疗多椎体骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折

目的探讨低压力应用单一球囊治疗多个椎体骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折的疗效。方法共治疗13例患者37个椎体,均为女性,年龄65～79岁,平均72.3岁。均为骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折,压缩骨折椎体后壁均完整。在C型臂X线机引导下行单一球囊多椎体后凸成形术。结果13例手术顺利完成。椎体前缘、中部及后缘平均高度分别由术前的(1.9±0.5)cm,(1.5±0.5)cm,(2.6±0.5)cm增至术后的(2.1±0.4)cm,(2.2±0.4)cm,(2.8±0.5)cm,椎体前缘、中部高度差异有显著统计学意义,P值均小于0.01。Cobb角由术前的(31.3±14.1)°矫正至术后的(24.8±11.3)°。术后平均随访17.3个月,患者疼痛均较术前改善或消失,无临床并发症发生。结论通过降低球囊扩张压力,避免了球囊破损,为患者减少了经济负担。同时,骨水泥填充量相应减小,减少了骨水泥渗漏,又可以避免因大幅度提高患椎弹性模量和刚度造成相邻椎体压缩骨折。     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折后骨坏死

目的 探讨球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折后骨坏死的效果.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2008年1月收治的31例骨质疏松性椎体骨折后骨坏死患者的临床资料.其中男性13例,女性18例;年龄57～84岁,平均71岁;背部疼痛病史1个月～lO年.术前行x线片、CT、MRI等影像学检查.患者均行球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗,术中取椎体内组织进行术后常规病理学检查.测量并比较术前、术后1 d及末次随访时站立位X线片伤椎前缘相对高度.采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)及Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评价手术疗效.结果 患者均获随访,随访时间18～48个月,平均27个月.术前与术后1 d伤椎前缘相对高度分别为(34.7±3.1)%和(71.4±2.3)%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);末次随访时为(70.2±2.5)%,与术后1 d相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).术前VAS及ODI评分分别为8.7±0.4和89.1±2.7,术后1 d分别为2.3±0.7和31.7±3.1,手术前后差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);末次随访时分别为1.9±0.2和29.1±2.7,与术后1 d相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).所有指标数据末次随访时与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2例发生骨水泥渗漏,未出现临床症状.1例术后发生其他椎体骨折.结论 球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术是治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折后骨坏死的有效方法.     

椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折疼痛的疗效分析

目的 评估经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)的疗效.方法 本组OVCF共468例,采用单球囊双侧扩张PKP治疗,累及T6～L5共608个椎体.其中男性93例120椎, 女性375例488椎,年龄54～94岁,平均68.2岁.单椎体360例,双椎体76例,三椎体32例.采用疼痛视觉类比评分(VAS),止痛药使用评分,活动能力评分,伤椎高度测定及胸腰段脊柱后凸角度等指标评估PKP术的疗效,同时观察并发症.结果 412例(540椎)术后得到6个月～5年随访,平均3.6年.本组术后疼痛明显缓解,术前VAS评分(8.26±0.98)分,术后2天降低到(1.63±0.83)分,末次随访时(1.85±0.89)分(P<0.01).止痛药使用评分由术前的(1.62±0.94)分下降到术后2天的(0.18±0.45)分, 末次随访时(0.21±0.54)分(P<0.01).活动能力评分由术前的(3.15±0.83)分改善到术后2天的(1.41±0.56)分,末次随访时(1.47±0.62)分(P<0.01).术后X线检查,压缩骨折的椎体高度恢复满意,术前椎体前、中份高度分别为(19.39±2.22) mm、(19.19±2.06) mm,术后2天改善到(24.47±2.04) mm、(24.38±1.93) mm,末次随访时(23.88±2.25) mm、(23.57±2.12) mm(P<0.01).胸腰段脊柱后凸Cobb角术前20.28°±4.64°,术后2天12.2°±4.36°,末次随访时13.12°±3.38°(P<0.01).本组73椎(12%)发生骨水泥渗漏,除2例术后出现神经损害表现经对症治疗缓解外,其余均无不适主诉.末次随访时,18例(4.4%)出现疼痛复发或出现新的疼痛,16例(3.9%)出现邻近椎体骨折,再次行PKP治疗.结论 PKP治疗OVCF,是一种安全、复位可靠、止痛效果确切的脊柱微创外科技术.     

球囊扩张椎体成形术联合降钙素治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体骨折的疗效

目的回顾性分析球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术联合降钙素治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折的疗效。方法 2007年2月～2010年1月,对25例35个椎体发生骨质疏松性椎体骨折患者行球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术联合降钙素综合治疗。术中在透视机监视下采用单侧椎弓根穿刺,置入1枚可扩张球囊使骨折塌陷椎体复位,灌注骨水泥充填由球囊扩张所形成的椎体内空腔。术后每天静脉注射鲑鱼降钙素,通过观察患者术后症状改善及骨折复位情况来评估其疗效。结果所有患者随访6～32个月,平均（21.3±0.2）个月。全部患者均顺利完成手术,无症状性并发症发生。术后疼痛明显减轻或消失。术后椎体高度平均恢复率59.5%。结论球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折可有效缓解疼痛、改善功能及恢复脊柱序列,联合降钙素的应用能有效缓解骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折引起的疼痛,是治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折的较好微创方法之一。     

Initial outcome and efficacy of "kyphoplasty" in the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

STUDY DESIGN: An Institutional Review Board-approved Phase I efficacy study of inflatable bone tamp usage in the treatment of symptomatic osteoporotic compression fractures. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of inflatable bone tamp reduction and cement augmentation, "kyphoplasty," in the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Osteoporotic compression fractures can result in progressive kyphosis and chronic pain. Traditional treatment for these patients includes bed rest, analgesics, and bracing. Augmentation of vertebral compression fractures with polymethylmethacrylate, "vertebroplasty," has been used to treat pain. This technique, however, makes no attempt to restore the height of the collapsed vertebral body. Kyphoplasty is a new technique that involves the introduction of inflatable bone tamps into the vertebral body. Once inflated, the bone tamps restore the vertebral body back toward its original height while creating a cavity that can be filled with bone cement. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy consecutive kyphoplasty procedures were performed in 30 patients. The indications included painful primary or secondary osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Mean duration of symptoms was 5.9 months. Symptomatic levels were identified by correlating the clinical data with MRI findings. Perioperative variables and bone tamp complications or issues were recorded and analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs were compared to calculate the percentage height restored. Outcome data were obtained by comparing preoperative and latest postoperative SF-36 data. RESULTS: At the completion of the Phase I study there were no major complications related directly to use of this technique or use of the inflatable bone tamp. In 70% of the vertebral bodies kyphoplasty restored 47% of the lost height. Cement leakage occurred at six levels (8.6%).SF-36 scores for Bodily Pain 11.6-58.7, (P = 0.0001) and Physical Function 11.7-47.4, (P = 0.002) were among those that showed significant improvement. CONCLUSIONS: The inflatable bone tamp was efficacious in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Kyphoplasty is associated with early clinical improvement of pain and function as well as restoration of vertebral body height in the treatment of painful osteoporotic compression fractures.     

经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折375例

目的探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折的疗效。方法自2007年1月～2010年3月,采用球囊骨水泥系统行PKP治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折375例(403椎)。结果本组均获随访6个月。患者的平均VAS评分术前为(7.32±1.83)分、术后第3天为(2.51±1.24)分、随访6个月时为(2.15±1.62)分,后两者与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。术后X线复查,发现骨水泥少许渗漏的有34例(42椎),但无神经压迫症状。椎体前缘的平均高度术前为(15.32±2.05)mm、术后为(23.80±2.86)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);椎体中部的平均高度术前为(13.82±2.79)mm、术后为(22.32±2.54)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示伤椎高度恢复明显。Cobb角平均值由(26.20±8.91)°降至(12.70±8.92)°,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折采用PKP治疗能缓解疼痛、恢复椎体高度,疗效显著。     

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with an intravertebral cleft treated by percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty

We investigated the safety and efficacy of treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with an intravertebral cleft by balloon kyphoplasty. Our study included 27 patients who were treated in this way. The mean follow-up was 38.2 months (24 to 54). The anterior and middle heights of the vertebral body and the kyphotic angle were measured on standing lateral radiographs before surgery, one day after surgery, and at final follow-up. Leakage of cement was determined by CT scans. A visual analogue scale and the Oswestry disability index were chosen to evaluate pain and functional activity. Statistically significant improvements were found between the pre- and post-operative assessments (p < 0.05) but not between the post-operative and final follow-up assessments (p > 0.05). Asymptomatic leakage of cement into the paravertebral vein occurred in one patient, as did leakage into the intervertebral disc in another patient. We suggest that balloon kyphoplasty is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with an intravertebral cleft.     

Preliminary outcomes and efficacy of the first 360 consecutive kyphoplasties for the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Osteoporosis is a major cause of morbidity in worldwide elderly populations. Patients may become susceptible to vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) from low-impact situations. For patients who have failed conventional, palliative medical therapy, kyphoplasty not only reduces pain associated with vertebral fractures, but also offers a minimally invasive procedure with the potential to address fracture reduction and spinal sagittal alignment. Kyphoplasty involves expanding an inflatable balloon tamp to create a cavity within a vertebral body before cement deposition. PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of kyphoplasty to reduce and fix painful osteoporotic VCFs. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: A retrospective, single-arm cohort study of consecutive kyphoplasty patients treated at a single center. PATIENT SAMPLE: Three hundred sixty VCFs were treated during 254 kyphoplasty procedures on 222 osteoporotic patients (mean age, 76 years [range, 28-98]; 28% male and 72% female). OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient-reported pain ratings were examined. Cement extravasation was monitored by intraoperative fluoroscopy and on postoperative radiographs. Anterior and midline vertebral height were assessed from standing, lateral radiographs obtained preoperatively and postoperatively. The number of patients who returned with symptomatic, new fractures was monitored. Perioperative complications were recorded. Mean follow-up occurred 21 months after kyphoplasty (range, 6 months through 36 months). RESULTS: Immediate pain relief was reported by 89% of patients by the first follow-up visit. One patient experienced postoperative pain as a result of radiculopathy related to bone filler leakage into the foramen. The remaining patients had persistent pain and were diagnosed with either a new fracture or underlying degenerative disc disease. Greater than or equal to 20% restoration of lost vertebral height (anterior) was observed in 63% of fractures with an overall mean restoration of 30%, and > or = 20% restoration of lost vertebral height (midline) was detected in 69% of fractures with an overall mean restoration of 50%. In this cohort, 12% (30/254) of the patients required additional kyphoplasty procedures to treat 36 symptomatic, new adjacent and remote fractures. No device-related complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Kyphoplasty is a safe and effective, minimally invasive procedure for relief of pain associated with VCF. In our series we also demonstrated some restoration of vertebral height and partial correction of sagittal alignment.