YAG激光治疗后发性白内障70例

应用ＹＡＧ激光治疗后发性白内障（后发障）７０例，随访６－１２个月，３０例（３２只眼）老年性白内障囊外摘除１４只眼，正视力０．２－１．０，人工晶体植入１３只眼，外伤膜性白内障４只眼，激光治疗后视力分别为０．３－１．０和０．１－１．０，另３０只眼后囊混浊治疗后视力均提高０．０１－０．８。ＹＡＧ激光治疗后发障在临床上有应用价值。     

国产YAG激光治疗后发性白内障40例临床观察

目的 为观察应用国产ＹＡＧ激光治疗后发性白内障的疗效。方法 对各类白内障摘除术＋Ｉｏｌ术后形成后发性白内障４０例４６眼进行ＹＡＧ激光治疗。结果 截囊成功率为９８．６％,矫正视力≥０．５％者３８眼,占８２．６％;视力〈０．５,的主要原因是弱视继发性青光眼,眼底病变等。     

YAG激光与硝酸银烧灼治疗鼻出血疗效的对比观察

３１６例（３５２侧）鼻出血经随机分组后，分别采用ＹＡＧ激光治疗和硝酸银烧灼治疗，就其疗效进行对比观察，结果显示ＹＡＧ激光组与硝酸银组治愈率分别为８９．３％与６６％（Ｐ＜０．０１），一次治愈率分别为７２．２％与５２．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１），有效率分别为９３．６％与７０．９％（Ｐ＜０．０１），提示ＹＡＧ激光治疗治愈率、有效率均高，为治疗鼻出血的有效方法。     

国产YAG激光切除人工晶体前膜临床观察

国产ＹＡＧ激光切除人工晶体前膜临床观察亓程鹏（淄博市中心医院眼科，２５５０３６）关键词人工晶体；前膜；ＹＡＧ激光；切除术我科自１９９０年８月以来，试用国产ＹＡＧ激光切除人工晶体前膜２０例（２０只眼），效果良好。１资料与方法１．１仪器设备湖北孝感联华激...     

YAG激光与硝酸银烧灼治疗鼻出血疗效的对比观察

３１６例（３５２例）鼻出血经随机分组后，分别采用ＹＡＧ激光治疗和硝酸银烧灼治疗，就其疗效进行进行对比观察。结果显示ＹＡＧ激光组与硝酸银组治愈率分别为８９．３％与６６％（Ｐ＜０．０１），一次治愈率分别为７２．２％与５２．１％，有效率分别为９３．６％与７０．９％，提示ＹＡＧ激光治疗治愈率、有效率均高，为治疗鼻出血的有效方法。     

Ho—YAG激光在五官科的临床应用

Ｈｏ—ＹＡＧ激光是一种新的治疗光源，我们应用于五官科临床治疗声带结节，声带息肉，慢性咽炎，慢性鼻炎，过敏性鼻炎，并与Ｎｄ—ＹＡＧ激光治疗组对照。结果：两组比较治疗效果无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。两组比较术后并发症的发生率有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），恢复期有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示Ｈｏ—ＹＡＧ激光治疗在避免术后并发症的发生和缩短恢复期方面明显优于Ｎｄ—ＹＡＧ激光治疗组。     

激光在口腔颌面外科门诊中的应用：附126例分析

目的：分析Ｎｄ－ＹＡＧ激光治疗口腔凳面部良性病变的临床效果。方法：使用国产Ｎｄ－ＹＡＧ激光，波长１．０６ｕｍ，光纤输出功率０～４０Ｗ，在局麻下对口腔颌面部病变进行聚焦或点状照射，结果：１２６例患者接受激光手术治疗，病损台愈病损２６４个（９８．１％），好转５例（１．９％），未见无效病例。结论：Ｎｄ－ＹＡＧ激光治疗口腔颌面部某些病变具有操作简单、时间短、不出血、无须缝合、费用低、病人容易接受，效果理想     

影响后发障光切术后效果的临床观察

目的：分析后发障光切术后并发症及视力不增的原因及研究预防措施。方法：对白内障现代囊外摘除及人工晶体植入术后８ｄ～５年后发障的１１５例、１４８眼行Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光后囊膜光切术，术后次日复诊，随访７ｄ～３个月。结果：接受该法治疗的１１５例，除１例玻切术后硅油充满前房的患者膜切开不成功外，余者均切膜成功，成功率为９９．３２％。视力提高１０８眼（７２．９７％），不变４０眼（２７．０３％）。视力由治疗前的０     

LHRH及P物质对大鼠脊神经节细胞膜GABA_A受体介导反应的抑制作用

实验在幼年大鼠脊神经节（ＳＧ）标本进行细胞内记录。结果表明，单独滴加０．０１～１．００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌγ－氨基丁酸（ＧＡＢＡ）在大多数受检细胞（１０６／１２７）引起荷包牡丹碱敏感的去极化，而胞体膜对０．０１～０．１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ促性腺素释放激素（ＬＨＲＨ）或０．００１～０．０１ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＰ物质（ＳＰ）仅有轻微的去极化或无反应。若将此两种肽类物质在ＧＡＢＡ作用之前分别加至ＳＧ细胞，这时ＧＡＢＡ所引起的反应便大为减弱。结果提示，肽类物质ＬＨＲＨ及ＳＰ对ＧＡＢＡ_Ａ受体介导的初级传入终末突触前抑制具有调制作用。     

后房型人工晶体植入并发后囊混浊的有效治疗

目的：探讨白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入术后并发后囊混浊的有效治疗。方法：对３９例４２只眼白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入并发后囊混浊,应用 Ｎｄ Ｙ Ａ Ｇ 激光进行混浊的后囊膜切开。结果：激光治疗后视力在０５以上２２只眼（５２３８％ ）。治疗前０５以上视力３只眼（７４９％ ）,视力明显提高。结论：应用 Ｎｄ Ｙ Ａ Ｇ 激光治疗人工晶体术后并发后囊混浊是非手术治疗且并发症少的有效方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.